遼寧省營口市2009屆高三高考模擬考試
理科數(shù)學(xué)試卷
本試卷分第I卷和第II卷兩部分。共8頁。滿分150分�？荚嚂r間120分鐘。
注意事項：
1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在試題卷、答題紙及答題卡上，并把答題卡上準(zhǔn)考證號對應(yīng)的位置，用2B鉛筆涂黑。座位號填寫在答題紙第2頁右上角指定位置。
2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號，答在試題卷上無效。
3.非選擇題用藍(lán)或黑色筆答在答題紙的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)，答在試題卷上無效。
4.考試結(jié)束，請將本試題卷、答題紙和答題卡一并上交。
第I卷
2009年高考數(shù)學(xué)總復(fù)習(xí)解題思維專題講座之一
數(shù)學(xué)思維的變通性
一、概念
數(shù)學(xué)問題千變?nèi)f化，要想既快又準(zhǔn)的解題，總用一套固定的方案是行不通的，必須具有思維的變通性――善于根據(jù)題設(shè)的相關(guān)知識，提出靈活的設(shè)想和解題方案。根據(jù)數(shù)學(xué)思維變通性的主要體現(xiàn)，本講將著重進(jìn)行以下幾個方面的訓(xùn)練：
（1）善于觀察
心理學(xué)告訴我們：感覺和知覺是認(rèn)識事物的最初級形式，而觀察則是知覺的高級狀態(tài)，是一種有目的、有計劃、比較持久的知覺。觀察是認(rèn)識事物最基本的途徑，它是了解問題、發(fā)現(xiàn)問題和解決問題的前提。
任何一道數(shù)學(xué)題，都包含一定的數(shù)學(xué)條件和關(guān)系。要想解決它，就必須依據(jù)題目的具體特征，對題目進(jìn)行深入的、細(xì)致的、透徹的觀察，然后認(rèn)真思考，透過表面現(xiàn)象看其本質(zhì)，這樣才能確定解題思路，找到解題方法。
例如，求和
.
這些分?jǐn)?shù)相加，通分很困難，但每項都是兩相鄰自然數(shù)的積的倒數(shù)，且
，因此，原式等于
問題很快就解決了。
（2）善于聯(lián)想
聯(lián)想是問題轉(zhuǎn)化的橋梁。稍具難度的問題和基礎(chǔ)知識的聯(lián)系，都是不明顯的、間接的、復(fù)雜的。因此，解題的方法怎樣、速度如何，取決于能否由觀察到的特征，靈活運(yùn)用有關(guān)知識，做出相應(yīng)的聯(lián)想，將問題打開缺口，不斷深入。
例如，解方程組
.
這個方程指明兩個數(shù)的和為
，這兩個數(shù)的積為
。由此聯(lián)想到韋達(dá)定理，
、
是一元二次方程 
的兩個根，
所以
或
.可見，聯(lián)想可使問題變得簡單。
（3）善于將問題進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化
數(shù)學(xué)家G . 波利亞在《怎樣解題》中說過：數(shù)學(xué)解題是命題的連續(xù)變換�？梢�，解題過程是通過問題的轉(zhuǎn)化才能完成的。轉(zhuǎn)化是解數(shù)學(xué)題的一種十分重要的思維方法。那么怎樣轉(zhuǎn)化呢？概括地講，就是把復(fù)雜問題轉(zhuǎn)化成簡單問題，把抽象問題轉(zhuǎn)化成具體問題，把未知問題轉(zhuǎn)化成已知問題。在解題時，觀察具體特征，聯(lián)想有關(guān)問題之后，就要尋求轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系。
例如，已知
,
,
求證
、
、
三數(shù)中必有兩個互為相反數(shù)。
恰當(dāng)?shù)霓D(zhuǎn)化使問題變得熟悉、簡單。要證的結(jié)論，可以轉(zhuǎn)化為：
思維變通性的對立面是思維的保守性，即思維定勢。思維定勢是指一個人用同一種思維方法解決若干問題以后，往往會用同樣的思維方法解決以后的問題。它表現(xiàn)就是記類型、記方法、套公式，使思維受到限制，它是提高思維變通性的極大的障礙，必須加以克服。
綜上所述，善于觀察、善于聯(lián)想、善于進(jìn)行問題轉(zhuǎn)化，是數(shù)學(xué)思維變通性的具體體現(xiàn)。要想提高思維變通性，必須作相應(yīng)的思維訓(xùn)練。
福州教院二附中2008年第二次模擬卷（歷史）
12．下列選項中，能反映商朝農(nóng)耕生產(chǎn)的是
13．唐張籍在《永嘉行》中寫道“北人避胡多在南，南人至今能晉語”。這則材料揭示了
①北民南遷是由天災(zāi)所致
②北民南遷是為了躲避北方少數(shù)民族
③北民南遷有利于民族融合
④北民南遷推廣了先進(jìn)技術(shù)
A．①②
B．②③
C．①③
D．②④
14.“打倒列強(qiáng)!打倒列強(qiáng)!除軍閥,除軍閥!努力國民革命,努力國民革命!齊奮斗,齊奮斗……”這是民主革命期間一首膾炙人口的歌曲，請問這首歌最可能在什么時候唱起
A．北伐戰(zhàn)爭時 B．抗日戰(zhàn)爭時 C．十年內(nèi)戰(zhàn)時 D．解放戰(zhàn)爭時
15．“1979年，那是一個春天，有一位老人在中國的南海邊畫了一個圈……”這首歌反映的事件是
A．十一屆三中全會召開 B．在廣東、福建沿海搞經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)
C．劃定海南島為經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū) D．開放上海浦東地區(qū)
16．孫中山先生認(rèn)為：“世界潮流，浩浩蕩蕩，順之則昌，逆之則亡�！笨v觀孫中山的一生，他順應(yīng)世界潮流的做法有 ①提出三民主義 ②領(lǐng)導(dǎo)五四運(yùn)動 ③推動國共第一次合作 ④領(lǐng)導(dǎo)北伐戰(zhàn)爭
A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．①③
17．童謠也能證史。今年80歲的楊老先生少年時的習(xí)作“不要放鞭炮”寫道：新年到，放鞭炮，蹦硼、蹦硼雖熱鬧，金錢耗去太無聊！如今國仇還未報，不如省錢買槍炮。這首童謠寫作的時期是
A．八國聯(lián)軍侵華戰(zhàn)爭 B．抗日戰(zhàn)爭 C．第一次世界大戰(zhàn) D．解放戰(zhàn)爭
18．造成右圖漫畫中所反映的歷史運(yùn)動的最主要因素
A．新中國經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)薄弱
B．缺乏經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的經(jīng)驗
C．三大改造過急過粗
D．指導(dǎo)思想的“左”傾錯誤
刻舟稱瓜
19．美國總統(tǒng)尼克松在20世紀(jì)70年代接見《時代》周刊記者時表示：“如果我有生之年有什么事要做的話，那就是到中國去，如果我不能去，我希望我的孩子能夠去�！边@段話的實質(zhì)是
A．尼克松敬仰中國博大精深的文化 B．尼克松渴望看一看新中國
C．美國急于改善與新中國的關(guān)系 D．美國人對新中國不了解
20．“松綁”是20世紀(jì)80年代中期企業(yè)改革的代名詞，反映當(dāng)時國營企業(yè)改革的原則是
A．政企分開，所有權(quán)和經(jīng)營權(quán)適當(dāng)分離 B．對民族資本進(jìn)行和平贖買
C．實行全面公私合營 D．對企業(yè)進(jìn)行股份制改造
21．很多游人在愛迪生紀(jì)念館前留言，其中不確切的留言是
A．你把光明帶給人間 B．你讓我在大洋彼岸聽到你的聲音
C．你吹響了第一次能源革命的號角 D．你使我站在了奧斯卡的領(lǐng)獎臺上
22.“梅隆拉響汽笛，胡佛敲起鐘，華爾街發(fā)出信號，美國朝地獄里沖�！边@首20世紀(jì)30年代流行的民謠出現(xiàn)的時代背景是
A．世界經(jīng)濟(jì)大危機(jī) B．羅斯福新政
C．肯尼迪執(zhí)政 D．克林頓執(zhí)政
23.右側(cè)是一副政治漫畫，畫中的法國人和德國人正在討論，最后達(dá)成的共識是
A．我們太小，實在無奈B．他們相爭，我們得利
C．趕快聯(lián)合，求得生存D．各奔東西，爭取自保
38．（32分）
國家的統(tǒng)一是一個國家的內(nèi)政，關(guān)系到國家政局穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。閱讀下列材料，回答有關(guān)問題。
材料一
材料二 美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)開戰(zhàn)不久，英國發(fā)表“中立”聲明，但把南部同盟稱為“交戰(zhàn)國”英國媒體稱：“盡管我們同情（美國）北方，但一定不要忘記，那條棉花擰成的繩索卻把我們與南方拴在一起了。”內(nèi)戰(zhàn)開始后，林肯政府雖對南部港口實行封鎖，但并不禁止外國船只出入美國港口。內(nèi)戰(zhàn)初期，英國古物歉收，林肯政府向英國大量輸出糧食，挫敗了南部同盟的“棉花外交”。1861年11月，南方派兩名使節(jié)到英國、法國請求干涉，被北方查獲，英國為此發(fā)出戰(zhàn)爭照會。林肯不顧社會輿論和政府中主戰(zhàn)派的反對，釋放了南方的兩名密使。從而使英國失去了對美國宣戰(zhàn)的借口，也使美國避免了兩線作戰(zhàn)的困境。
材料三 1979年元旦，全國人大常委會發(fā)表《告臺灣同胞書》，宣布了采用和平方式統(tǒng)一祖國的方針，建議海峽兩岸首先實現(xiàn)通航、通郵、通商和探親旅游。1981年9月，全國人大常委會委員長葉劍英發(fā)表《關(guān)于臺灣回歸祖國，實行和平統(tǒng)一的方針政策》的談話，主張舉行中國共產(chǎn)黨和中國國民黨對等談判，實行第三次國共合作。1984年，六屆人大二次會議的《政府工作報告》中闡述了“一國兩制”的偉大構(gòu)想，獲得大會通過。
材料四
（1）據(jù)材料一，指出林肯政治主張的最高原則是什么？他實踐這一原則的主要手段是什么？并分析林肯政府制定《反脫離聯(lián)邦法》的歷史背景。（10分）
（2）據(jù)材料二和所學(xué)知識，分析英國伺機(jī)干涉美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的主要原因是什么？結(jié)合材料和所學(xué)知識指出為挫敗英國的干涉陰謀林肯政府采取了哪些積極的外交戰(zhàn)略？（6分）
遼寧省營口市2009屆高三高考模擬考試
英語試卷
本試卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分，共12頁。滿分120分�？荚嚂r間100分鐘。
注意事項：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在試題卷、答題紙及答題卡上，并把答題卡上準(zhǔn)考證號對應(yīng)的位置，用2B鉛筆涂黑。座位號填寫在答題紙第2頁右上角指定位置。
2. 選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號，答在試題卷上無效。
3. 非選擇題用藍(lán)或黑色筆答在答題紙的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)，答在試題卷上無效。
4. 考試結(jié)束，請將本試題卷、答題紙和答題卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷
（選擇題共55題，共85分）
第一部分 英語知識運(yùn)用 （共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）
第一節(jié) 單項填空 （共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
1. All our efforts will certainly lead to ________ more peaceful and more advanced world, _______ place where everyone enjoys his life and freedom.
A. the, a B. a, the C. a, a D. the, the
2.---Sorry ,Ann . I’m afraid that I can’t go to the magic show by David Copperfield with you.
---________Who knows when he will be back here next time?
A. It doesn’t matter. B. Do as you like.
C. What a shame! D. Take it easy.
3. My daughter is really _______QQ these days. She spends hours on it every day.
A. into B. up C. onto D. with
4.Good advertisements may well ________the consumers’ emotional needs as well as providing information.
A. refer to B. see to C. turn to D. lead to
5---Hi, David! How was your trip to
---Wonderful. I have never had _______ in my life.
A. a most exciting holiday B. a more exciting holiday
C. the most excited holiday D. the more excited holiday
6. Jack fell off a ladder yesterday but he’s all right. He’s lucky he ______ hurt himself badly.
A. might B. would C. could have D. should have
7. ________ words do a better job of describing what it’s like to be a high school student than “ pressure”.
A. Few B Many C. Some D. Little
8. If you want to know the train schedule, please _______ at the booking office.
A. inqui re B. acquire C. require D. request
9. It really seemed ages _______ the police came on the scene and cleared away the damaged cars.
A. before B. after C. when D. as
10. Many American high school students _______ after-school jobs to make money and get a little bit more independence from their parents.
A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take over
11. William Beebe, one of the first men ______ the depth of the sea in a bathysphere, got interested in oceanography because of one book.
A. exploring B. having exploring
C. to be exploring D. to explore
12. -----Eric, you didn’t travel by train?
-----I ________, but then I decided to go by car instead; it was more convenient.
A. was going to B. didn’t C had to D. wouldn’t
13. I don’t think there is any sense listening to whatever you say ______ I don’t see things the way you do.
A. as if B. even if C. in case D. now that
14. Everyone has a unique character, and a place _______ truly suits him or her.
A. who B. what C. where D. that
15. I had been told that she was really nice but she was ______ nice when I met her.
A. anything but B. something but
C. nothing but D. everything but
第二節(jié) 完型填空 （ 共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分 ）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16―35各題所給的四個選項（A、 B、 C和 D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Sometimes people call each other “scared-cat”, but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood- stream.
Although the cat doesn’t 16 this, its body is getting ready for action.
If the danger continues, this animal will do one of the two things. It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.
18 , when people are excited, angry, scared, or aroused by other emotions, our bodies also go through many 19 changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves 20 run.
Human beings, 21 , have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them 22 , we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger, or hit somebody and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were
lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut? It isn’t always 24 to express your feelings freely.
Does this mean that it’s smarter always to 25 our feelings? No! If you 26 feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays 27 . Physical illnesses can develop. It can actually be 28 for your health.
Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside, don’t just 29 . It’s like you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but 30 you’d smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, you’d 31 little fruit flies hovering (盤旋) all over them. They’d be rotten.
You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard. You can 33 they don’t exist, but they’ll still be 34 . And at last you’ll have to 35 them. Just like those bananas.
16. A. mind B. admit C. realize D. remember
17. A. save B. help C. defend D. hide
18. A. Truly B. Frequently C. Similarly D. Differently
19. A. chemical B. physical C. health D. ill
20. A. and B. or C. but D. yet
21. A. therefore B. but C. besides D. however
22. A. take off B. take on C. take over D. take up
23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared
24. A. useful B. right C. easy D. wise
25. A. handle B. hurt C. hide D. prevent
26. A. keep B. find C. control D. let
27. A. relaxed B. tense C. same D. different
28. A. good B. harmful C. helpful D. useful
29. A. go away B. go on C. go up D. go out
30. A. long before B. as usual C. before long D. right away
31. A. meet B. observe C. catch D. see
32. A. as if B. just as C. just after D. even though
33. A. pretend B. expect C. decide D. assume
34. A. in B. around C. over D. beyond
35. A. eat up B. deal with C. throw away D. send out
第二部分 閱讀理解 （共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分 ）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項 （A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Time out, extra chores and taking away privileges are more useful forms of disciplining (懲戒)naughty children than spanking or hitting, according to a study on Wednesday.
About 94 percent of parents use some form of physical punishment to teach their two-year-olds right from wrong, according to research studies. But psychologists say it could lead to later emotional and behavioral problems.
Even children who were only spanked some of time are more likely to show signs of sadness or have less confidence.
“The key
is to be fair and do the same thing each time. Doing something like hitting a
child that seems cruel at best doesn’t help and can put a child at risk for
problems,” said Dr Paul Frick, of the
“It is better to use other punishments,” he added.
The use
of physical punishment to teach children has long been debated. In countries
such as
Frick and his team, who studied the effects of physical punishment on 98 children, said they couldn’t find any positive effects. Some children learned more from the hitting than what the parent was trying to teach them.
“The key is to have a lot of different forms of punishment depending on the age of the child,” said Frick, who reported his findings in the Journal of Applied Child Psychology.
He recommended time out for younger children and taking away television and electronic toys for older children. Giving extra chores can also get the message across.
Other measures are at least as effective as physical punishment and have less harmful potential consequences.
The researchers kept children whom they thought were at risk of later conduct problems out of the test and an equal number of other children who acted as a control group, to study what measures would be most helpful.
They questioned the parents and the children about positive and negative parenting behavior including the use of physical punishment.
“We got it from both viewpoints,” said Frick.
He added that children on the receiving end of a hit can learn that when they are upset and angry they hit, rather than understanding their behavior was wrong and that they need to do better.
36. According to the passage, why did Dr Frick advise against physical punishment?
A. Because the children will learn their behavior is wrong in time.
B. Because the children may hit people as a solution to problems.
C. Because it is illegal to use physical punishment in certain countries.
D. Because parents think it’s the easiest way to teach kids right from wrong.
37. Which of the following punishments is NOT recommended by Frick and his team?
A. Taking away toys B. Not allowing watching TV
A. C. Switching TV channels D. Doing more housework.
B. 38. What should be kept in mind when disciplining a kid?
C. A. How he or she usually behaves.
D. B. Tell them why they are punished.
E. C. Be fair and stick to the same principle.
F. D. Use different forms of punishment each time.
G. 39. Which of the following statements would Dr Frick agree to?
H. A. Spanking often fails to get the message of the parents across.
I. B. Parents need to praise their children after disciplining them.
J. C. The older a kid is, the fewer forms of punishment there are.
K. D. Many parents use physical punishment because of their own parents.
L. 40. What’s the purpose of the writer to write this article?
M. A. To debate if physical punishment is illegal.
N. B. To introduce how to deal with young kids.
O. C. To order parents not to spank young kids.
P. To talk about how to discipline young kids
B
Jenny Bowen, an American living in
Bowen, a mother of two adopted
Chinese daughters, is the executive director of Half the Sky Foundation, an
organization which was founded in 1998 and aims to enrich the lives and improve
the prospects for orphaned children in
Bowen hopes that running with the
Olympic torch would help draw attention to the children in
Like Bowen, the seven other non-Chinese
winners, including a German engineer and a Venezuelan graphic designer, live in
According to Olympic organizers, candidates (候選人) were selected based on an online vote, committee selection, their “ love of Chinese culture and history ” and devotion to “ communicating information of a real China to their native countries”. Each runner will carry the torch for 200 meters on Chinese soil.
41. According to the text, Jenny Bowen ____________.
A. is interested in Chinese sports
B. founded Half the Sky, an organization which aims to help Chinese orphans
C. has adopted 13,000 children during 10 years
D. loves Chinese culture and history
42. Bowen hopes that being a torch runner would help ____________.
A. collect educational tools, medical support, etc, for orphans
B. make Half the Sky Foundation well known
C. communicate information of
D. draw attention to orphans in
43. Which of the following about the 2008 torch relay is WRONG?
A. The contest for its runners is organized by Lenovo Group and China Daily.
B. It has eight foreign runners, including an American, a German and a Venezuelan.
C. It will be the longest relay with the most runners in Olympic history.
D. It will be an opportunity to
communicate information of a real
44. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. A
B. HAPPY LIFE OF A
C. DEVELOPMENT OF CHINESE WELFARE INSTITUTIONS.
D. THE LONGEST TORCH RELAY IN OLYMPIC HISTORY.
45. After reading the passage, we can infer that it is a(n) ____________.
A. biography B. argument C. newspaper D. advertisement
C
On Web sites across the Internet, people can access a variety of information about you. It’s in your interest to be aware of your online reputation and to take the necessary actions to make it what you want it to be.
The first step in protecting or improving your online reputation is to find out what information is already posted on the Internet and to assess the impression it leaves on people. Follow these tips to monitor and evaluate your online reputation:
Play the name game. Begin by typing your first and last name into several popular search engines to see where you are mentioned and in what context.
Example:
Robin Counts
Focus your search. To get more precise (精確的) results, put quotation marks around your name, so that the search engine reads your name as a phrase and not as two or more unrelated words that just happen to appear in the text.
Example:
“Robin Counts”
Search all of your names. If you have ever used a different name, if you use your middle name or initial, if you use a nickname, or if your name is frequently misspelled, search all variations to make sure you don’t miss anything important.
Example:
“Robin Counts”
“Robin J. Counts”
“Robin Counts Jensen”
Be strategic. If your search turns up information about other people who share your name, you can eliminate (消除) many false hits by using keywords. You can add keywords that apply only to you; for example your city, your employer, or a hobby.
Example:
“Robin Counts” “Woodgrove Bank”
“Robin counts”----skydiving
Go blogging. If any of your friends, family members or coworkers have blogs or personal Web pages on social networking sites, check them out from time to time to see if they are writing about you or posting pictures of you.
Be alert. Use the feature provided by some search engines that enables you to receive automatic notification (通知) of any new mention of your name or other personal information.
46.The passage mainly gives us advice on _____________.
A. how to google ourselves
B. how to monitor our online reputation
C. how to use different search engines
D. how to protect our online reputation
47. If you put quotation marks around your name when you search online, you will ____________.
A. get general information about yourself
B. still get other people’s information
C. get only your information
D. get most information about others
48. Which is the correct way to search if you want to eliminate many false hits?
A. “Jim Allan Green ” B. Jim Green
C. “Jim Green” D. “Jim Green”---gardening.
49. You are advised to go blogging to _______________.
A. have a better communication with your friends and family members
B. check out how popular you are with your friends and relatives
C. check out if others are writing about you or posting pictures of you
D. ask others not to disclose your personal information and picture
50. The feature provided by some search engines can help you to ___________.
A. prevent any new mention of your name or other personal information
B. find out any new mention of your name or other personal information.
C. know quickly any new mention of your name or other personal information
D. stop the spread of any new mention of your name or other personal information
D
Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the use of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization (最佳化) compare the actual decision made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents (支持者) of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format (格式) that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the relevant considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges (出現(xiàn)) as the best decision.
Since most important problems are multifaceted (多方面的)，there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question “What will I do after graduation?” A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year. A decision-making worksheet begins with a concise statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to “What will I do after graduation that lead to successful career?”
51.What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. A tool to assist in making complex decisions.
B. A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions.
C. Research on how people make decisions.
D. Differences between long-range and short-range decision making.
52. Of the following steps, which occurs before the others in making a decision worksheet?
A. Listing the consequences of each solution.
B. Calculating a numerical summary of each solution.
C. Deciding which consequences are most important.
D. Writing down all possible solutions.
53. According to decision-making worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that _____________________.
A. has the fewest variables to consider
B. uses the most decision worksheets
C. has the most points assigned to it
D. is agreed to by the greatest number of people
54. The author develops the discussion in paragraph 1 by means of _____________.
A. describing a process
B. classifying types of worksheets
C. providing historical background
D. explaining a theory
55. The author states that “On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once” to explain that _____________________.
A. most decisions involve seven steps
B. human mental capacity has limitations
C. some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions
D. people can keep more then seven ideas in their minds with practice
第 II 卷
（非選擇題 共35分）
第三部分 書面表達(dá) （共二節(jié)，滿分35分）
第一節(jié)：閱讀表達(dá)（4個小題，前2個小題各2分，后2個小題各3分，共10分）
閱讀下面的短文，請根據(jù)文后的要求答題（請注意后面的詞數(shù)要求）。
People in the
Day, on the second Sunday in May, and Father’s Day, on the third Sunday in June.
Mother’s Day was proclaimed (宣布) a day
for national observance by President Woodrow Wilson in 1915. Ann Jarvis from
In 1909, Mrs Dodd from
These days are set aside to show love and respect for parents. They raise their children and educate them to be responsible citizens. They give love and care.
These two special days are celebrated in many different ways. On Mother’s Day people wear carnations. A red one symbolizes a living mother. A white one shows that the mother is dead. Many people attend religious services to honor parents. It is also a day when people whose parents are dead visit the cemetery(墓地). On these days families get together at home, as well as in restaurants. They often have outdoor barbecues(燒烤) for Father’s Day. These are days of fun and good feelings and memories.
Another tradition is to give cards and gifts. Children make them in school. Many people make their own presents. These are valued more than the ones bought in stores. It is not the value of the gift that is important, but is the thought that counts. Greeting card stores, florists(花店), candy makers, bakeries, telephone companies, and other stores do a lot of business during these holidays.
1. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
If a person wears a red carnation, it shows that the mother is still living.
2. Which sentence is main sentence of the fifth paragraph? (Please answer within 10 words)
3. What day is Mother’s Day ?
4. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
第二節(jié)：寫作（共1題，滿分25分）
我國運(yùn)動健兒在2008年北京奧運(yùn)會上取得了優(yōu)異成績，全國為之沸騰。
“與奧運(yùn)冠軍共成長”已成為全國青少年的熱門話題。請就下表中的內(nèi)容寫一篇英語短文。
注意：1.對所給要點不要逐條翻譯，要有適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；
2.詞數(shù)：120左右。短文開頭已為你寫好，不計入總數(shù)；
3.參考詞匯：追求 pursue
奧運(yùn)冠軍的共同點
1. 全力以赴，追求卓越；
2. 尊重他人，文明參賽；
3. 面對失敗，永不言棄。
如何做生活中的冠軍
1. 明確目標(biāo)，奮勇向前；
2. 心態(tài)平和，誠信待人。
你的觀點
……
Our athletes have made many achievements in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,
英語答案
1.-----5 CCABB 6-----10 CAAAC 11-----15 DADDA
16-----20 CCCBB 21-----25 DCADC 26-----30 ABBAC
31-----35 DAABB
36-----40 BCCAD 41-----45 DDCAC 46-----50 BBDCC 51-----55 ADCAB
卷II
1.A red one symbolizes a living mother.
2.These two special days are celebrated in many different ways.
3.The second Sunday in May is Mother’s day.
4.禮物的貴賤并不重要，重要的是對父母的心意。
A possible version
Our athletes have made many achievements in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, which makes all the Chinese excited. Now how to grow up along with Olympic Champions has become a hot topic.
As we know, the Olympic Champions have much in common. First, they go all out to be excellent. Second, they treat others with respect and behave well during the games. Third, faced with one failure after another, they never give up.
How can we become a champion in real life? For one thing, we must set a clear goal, which will inspire us to pursue what we want. For another, a good state of mind is one of the key factors in success. Certainly, it’s very important for us to be sincere to others.
As middle school students, we must learn to deal with stress and build up self-confidence. Besides, we should treasure friendship and try to concentrate on our goals all the time.
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