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28. 解:(1)∵D(-8,0),∴B點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)為-8,代入中,得y=-2.

∴B點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為(-8,-2).而A、B兩點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱,∴A(8,2)

從而k=8×2=16

(2)∵N(0,-n),B是CD的中點(diǎn),A,B,M,E四點(diǎn)均在雙曲線上,

∴mn=k,B(-2m,-),C(-2m,-n),E(-m,-n)

=2mn=2k,mn=k,mn=k.

=k.∴k=4.

由直線及雙曲線,得A(4,1),B(-4,-1)

∴C(-4,-2),M(2,2)

設(shè)直線CM的解析式是,由C、M兩點(diǎn)在這條直線上,得

,解得a=b=

∴直線CM的解析式是y=x+.

(3)如圖,分別作AA1⊥x軸,MM1⊥x軸,垂足分別為A1,M1

設(shè)A點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)為a,則B點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)為-a.于是,

同理

∴p-q==-2

試題詳情

27. 解:(1)由題意:BP=tcm,AQ=2tcm,則CQ=(4-2t)cm,

∵∠C=90°,AC=4cm,BC=3cm,∴AB=5cm

∴AP=(5-t)cm,

∵PQ∥BC,∴△APQ∽△ABC,

∴AP∶AB=AQ∶AC,即(5-t)∶5=2t∶4,解得:t=

∴當(dāng)t為秒時(shí),PQ∥BC

………………2分

(2)過(guò)點(diǎn)Q作QD⊥AB于點(diǎn)D,則易證△AQD∽△ABC

∴AQ∶QD=AB∶BC

∴2t∶DQ=5∶3,∴DQ=

∴△APQ的面積:×AP×QD=(5-t)×

∴y與t之間的函數(shù)關(guān)系式為:y=

………………5分

(3)由題意:

   當(dāng)面積被平分時(shí)有:××3×4,解得:t=

   當(dāng)周長(zhǎng)被平分時(shí):(5-t)+2t=t+(4-2t)+3,解得:t=1

∴不存在這樣t的值

………………8分

(4)過(guò)點(diǎn)P作PE⊥BC于E

  易證:△PAE∽△ABC,當(dāng)PE=QC時(shí),△PQC為等腰三角形,此時(shí)△QCP′為菱形

∵△PAE∽△ABC,∴PE∶PB=AC∶AB,∴PE∶t=4∶5,解得:PE=

∵QC=4-2t,∴2×=4-2t,解得:t=

∴當(dāng)t=時(shí),四邊形PQP′C為菱形

此時(shí),PE=,BE=,∴CE=

………………10分

在Rt△CPE中,根據(jù)勾股定理可知:PC=

∴此菱形的邊長(zhǎng)為cm   ………………12分

試題詳情

26. 解:方案一:由題意可得:,

點(diǎn)到甲村的最短距離為.······································································· (1分)

點(diǎn)到乙村的最短距離為

將供水站建在點(diǎn)處時(shí),管道沿鐵路建設(shè)的長(zhǎng)度之和最。

即最小值為.········································································ (3分)

方案二:如圖①,作點(diǎn)關(guān)于射線的對(duì)稱點(diǎn),則,連接于點(diǎn),則

,.·········································································· (4分)

中,

,

,兩點(diǎn)重合.即過(guò)點(diǎn).············································· (6分)

在線段上任取一點(diǎn),連接,則

,

把供水站建在乙村的點(diǎn)處,管道沿線路鋪設(shè)的長(zhǎng)度之和最小.

即最小值為.··········· (7分)

方案三:作點(diǎn)關(guān)于射線的對(duì)稱點(diǎn),連接,則

于點(diǎn),交于點(diǎn),交于點(diǎn),

為點(diǎn)的最短距離,即

中,,

,兩點(diǎn)重合,即過(guò)點(diǎn).

中,,.············································· (10分)

在線段上任取一點(diǎn),過(guò)于點(diǎn),連接

顯然

把供水站建在甲村的處,管道沿線路鋪設(shè)的長(zhǎng)度之和最。

即最小值為.································································ (11分)

綜上,,供水站建在處,所需鋪設(shè)的管道長(zhǎng)度最短.········ (12分)

試題詳情

25. 解:(1)取中點(diǎn),聯(lián)結(jié),

的中點(diǎn),.································· (1分)

,.··········································································· (1分)

,得;······································ (2分)(1分)

(2)由已知得.··································································· (1分)

以線段為直徑的圓與以線段為直徑的圓外切,

,即.·························· (2分)

解得,即線段的長(zhǎng)為;······································································· (1分)

(3)由已知,以為頂點(diǎn)的三角形與相似,

又易證得.··············································································· (1分)

由此可知,另一對(duì)對(duì)應(yīng)角相等有兩種情況:①;②

①當(dāng)時(shí),,

,易得.得;······················································· (2分)

②當(dāng)時(shí),

.又

,即,得

解得,(舍去).即線段的長(zhǎng)為2.········································ (2分)

綜上所述,所求線段的長(zhǎng)為8或2.

試題詳情

24. 解:(1)∵點(diǎn)上,

,

.

(2)連結(jié), 由題意易知,

.

(3)正方形AEFG在繞A點(diǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)的過(guò)程中,F點(diǎn)的軌跡是以點(diǎn)A為圓心,AF為半徑的圓.

第一種情況:當(dāng)b>2a時(shí),存在最大值及最小值;

因?yàn)?sub>的邊,故當(dāng)F點(diǎn)到BD的距離取得最大、最小值時(shí),取得最大、最小值.

如圖②所示時(shí),

的最大值=

的最小值=

第二種情況:當(dāng)b=2a時(shí),存在最大值,不存在最小值;

的最大值=.(如果答案為4a2b2也可)

 

試題詳情

23. 解(Ⅰ)當(dāng),時(shí),拋物線為,

方程的兩個(gè)根為,

∴該拋物線與軸公共點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)是.  ················································ 2分

(Ⅱ)當(dāng)時(shí),拋物線為,且與軸有公共點(diǎn).

對(duì)于方程,判別式≥0,有. ········································ 3分

①當(dāng)時(shí),由方程,解得

此時(shí)拋物線為軸只有一個(gè)公共點(diǎn).································· 4分

②當(dāng)時(shí),

時(shí),,

時(shí),

由已知時(shí),該拋物線與軸有且只有一個(gè)公共點(diǎn),考慮其對(duì)稱軸為,

應(yīng)有  即

解得

綜上,.   ················································································ 6分

(Ⅲ)對(duì)于二次函數(shù),

由已知時(shí),;時(shí),,

,∴

于是.而,∴,即

.  ············································································································  7分

∵關(guān)于的一元二次方程的判別式

,   

∴拋物線軸有兩個(gè)公共點(diǎn),頂點(diǎn)在軸下方.····························· 8分

又該拋物線的對(duì)稱軸

,,

,

又由已知時(shí),;時(shí),,觀察圖象,

可知在范圍內(nèi),該拋物線與軸有兩個(gè)公共點(diǎn). ············································ 10分

試題詳情

22. 解:( 1)由已知得:解得

c=3,b=2

∴拋物線的線的解析式為

(2)由頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)公式得頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為(1,4)

所以對(duì)稱軸為x=1,A,E關(guān)于x=1對(duì)稱,所以E(3,0)

設(shè)對(duì)稱軸與x軸的交點(diǎn)為F

所以四邊形ABDE的面積=

=

=

=9

(3)相似

如圖,BD=

BE=

DE=

所以, 即: ,所以是直角三角形

所以,且,

所以.

試題詳情

21.解:

(1)m=-5,n=-3

  (2)y=x+2

(3)是定值.

因?yàn)辄c(diǎn)D為∠ACB的平分線,所以可設(shè)點(diǎn)D到邊AC,BC的距離均為h,

設(shè)△ABC AB邊上的高為H,

則利用面積法可得:

(CM+CN)h=MN﹒H

又 H=

化簡(jiǎn)可得  (CM+CN)﹒

    

試題詳情

20. 解:(1)如圖,過(guò)點(diǎn)B作BD⊥OA于點(diǎn)D.

    在Rt△ABD中,

    ∵∣AB∣=,sin∠OAB=,

    ∴∣BD∣=∣AB∣·sin∠OAB

        =×=3.

又由勾股定理,得

  

     

∴∣OD∣=∣OA∣-∣AD∣=10-6=4.

∵點(diǎn)B在第一象限,∴點(diǎn)B的坐標(biāo)為(4,3).             ……3分

設(shè)經(jīng)過(guò)O(0,0)、C(4,-3)、A(10,0)三點(diǎn)的拋物線的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為

   y=ax2+bx(a≠0).

∴經(jīng)過(guò)O、C、A三點(diǎn)的拋物線的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為       ……2分

(2)假設(shè)在(1)中的拋物線上存在點(diǎn)P,使以P、O、C、A為頂點(diǎn)的四邊形為梯形

  ①∵點(diǎn)C(4,-3)不是拋物線的頂點(diǎn),

∴過(guò)點(diǎn)C做直線OA的平行線與拋物線交于點(diǎn)P1  .

則直線CP1的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為y=-3.

對(duì)于,令y=-3x=4或x=6.

而點(diǎn)C(4,-3),∴P1(6,-3).

在四邊形P1AOC中,CP1∥OA,顯然∣CP1∣≠∣OA∣.

∴點(diǎn)P1(6,-3)是符合要求的點(diǎn).                  ……1分

②若AP2∥CO.設(shè)直線CO的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為

  將點(diǎn)C(4,-3)代入,得

∴直線CO的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為

  于是可設(shè)直線AP2的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為

將點(diǎn)A(10,0)代入,得

∴直線AP2的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為

,即(x-10)(x+6)=0.

而點(diǎn)A(10,0),∴P2(-6,12).

過(guò)點(diǎn)P2作P2E⊥x軸于點(diǎn)E,則∣P2E∣=12.

在Rt△AP2E中,由勾股定理,得

而∣CO∣=∣OB∣=5.

∴在四邊形P2OCA中,AP2∥CO,但∣AP2∣≠∣CO∣.

∴點(diǎn)P2(-6,12)是符合要求的點(diǎn).                    ……1分

③若OP3∥CA,設(shè)直線CA的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為y=k2x+b2

  將點(diǎn)A(10,0)、C(4,-3)代入,得

∴直線CA的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為

∴直線OP3的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為

即x(x-14)=0.

而點(diǎn)O(0,0),∴P3(14,7).

過(guò)點(diǎn)P3作P3E⊥x軸于點(diǎn)E,則∣P3E∣=7.

在Rt△OP3E中,由勾股定理,得

而∣CA∣=∣AB∣=.

∴在四邊形P3OCA中,OP3∥CA,但∣OP3∣≠∣CA∣.

∴點(diǎn)P3(14,7)是符合要求的點(diǎn).                    ……1分

綜上可知,在(1)中的拋物線上存在點(diǎn)P1(6,-3)、P2(-6,12)、P3(14,7),

使以P、O、C、A為頂點(diǎn)的四邊形為梯形.                 ……1分

(3)由題知,拋物線的開(kāi)口可能向上,也可能向下.

、佼(dāng)拋物線開(kāi)口向上時(shí),則此拋物線與y軸的副半軸交與點(diǎn)N.

可設(shè)拋物線的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為(a>0).

如圖,過(guò)點(diǎn)M作MG⊥x軸于點(diǎn)G.

∵Q(-2k,0)、R(5k,0)、G(、N(0,-10ak2)、M

     

    

                ……2分

②當(dāng)拋物線開(kāi)口向下時(shí),則此拋物線與y軸的正半軸交于點(diǎn)N,

  同理,可得                     ……1分

綜上所知,的值為3:20.                   ……1分

試題詳情

19. 解:(1)在中,令

,····················································· 1分

點(diǎn)

的解析式為···················································································· 2分

(2)由,得  ·························································· 4分

,

,····································································································· 5分

······························································································· 6分

(3)過(guò)點(diǎn)于點(diǎn)

····································································································· 7分

················································································································ 8分

由直線可得:

中,,,則

····························································································· 9分

·························································································· 10分

··································································································· 11分

此拋物線開(kāi)口向下,當(dāng)時(shí),

當(dāng)點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)2秒時(shí),的面積達(dá)到最大,最大為.   

試題詳情


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