3、名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)辨析。例如:
1)Judging from his facial _______, he is content with the new project.
A. expression B. expedition C. explanation D. experience
答案是A。此題考查的是詞形相似的名詞之間的辨析。還有很多題目設(shè)計(jì)的考點(diǎn)是詞義相近的名詞的辨析。這就要求考生在考前復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)再熟讀《考試說(shuō)明》中的高考詞匯表,重點(diǎn)關(guān)注詞形或詞義相近的名詞間的辨析。
2)--- What’s your ______ being late this time?
--- I’m sorry, but I ______ a former classmate on my way.
A. reason of, met B. cause of, came to
C. excuse for, came across D. explanation for, meet with
答案是C。此題考查的是名詞的短語(yǔ)搭配和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析,并穿插了時(shí)態(tài)的考查,要求考生不僅有扎實(shí)的知識(shí)基礎(chǔ),還要對(duì)題目所給信息有綜合而犀利的判斷能力。解這類綜合題目的最佳方法是排除法和比較法,即認(rèn)真比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)間的區(qū)別,根據(jù)題目所給信息對(duì)不符合題意的選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行排除。
2、一些習(xí)慣用法或固定搭配中的冠詞。例如:
---Would you like to go to _____ cinema with us?
---I would love to, but I have too much work at ____ hand.
A. the, the B. a, a C. the, \ D. \, the
答案是C。這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)都是固定搭配。應(yīng)對(duì)這類題目,要注意平時(shí)對(duì)于語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的積累與記憶,而且對(duì)習(xí)慣用法等的記憶尤其要注意細(xì)節(jié)。
1、情景交際。例如:
--- Hello, Grand Hotel. _______
--- Hello, I’m wondering if you have a single room available at present.
A. With pleasure. B. What’s up? C. At your service. D. Who is it?
答案是C。A意思是“樂(lè)意幫您這個(gè)忙”,常用于答應(yīng)幫某人忙;B意思是“怎么了”,常用于詢問(wèn)有什么麻煩事發(fā)生;C意思是“隨時(shí)恭候您的吩咐”,常用于侍者或接待人員的招呼語(yǔ);D詢問(wèn)的是“誰(shuí)在打電話”,與題意不符。在解答這類情景交際題目時(shí),看清前后文的具體語(yǔ)境很關(guān)鍵。要善于體會(huì)說(shuō)話人之間的關(guān)系親疏、語(yǔ)氣是否客氣等。
2、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、省略句型和倒裝句型。例如:
1)I don’t remember how many years ago ______ I last showed you around the factory.
A. it was that B. was it that C. it was when D. was it when
答案是A。 本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句和賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序。這種幾個(gè)考點(diǎn)結(jié)合起來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)題目的方式在高考題目中很常見(jiàn)。“it was that”是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的標(biāo)志詞,句中的賓語(yǔ)從句how many years ago it was that…由強(qiáng)調(diào)句it was many years ago that…轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)。
2)---We are expected to finish the work by 6 o’clock this evening.
---______ if we can’t manage it?
A. What B. How C. Why D. When
答案是A。本題考查省略句型。what if意思是“如果……怎么辦;即使……又有什么關(guān)系”。相當(dāng)于一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句,條件句完整,主句因上下文比較清楚,省略了“will happen”。
3)Only when he got hurt _______ the importance of road safety.
A. he realized B. did he realize C. he has realized D. had he realized
答案是B。本題考查的是倒裝句型和句子的時(shí)態(tài)。only, so引導(dǎo)的內(nèi)容提前或否定詞提前,句子要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。而此句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該是過(guò)去時(shí)。
(三)、其他考點(diǎn):
1、主從復(fù)合句(名詞性、形容詞性、副詞性從句)及連接詞。例如:
1)Last week our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem ______ none of us worked out.
A. that B. which C. as D. who
答案是C。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。work out是及物動(dòng)詞,意為“計(jì)算出”,其后應(yīng)接賓語(yǔ),這里as作關(guān)系代詞,和such或so連用。如果本句改為…worked it out,則該題應(yīng)選為A,構(gòu)成such…that結(jié)構(gòu),引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。
2)The spokesman said that the new policy was unfair to his country and ______ they would take some legal steps.
A. that B. what C. whether D. \
答案是A。 本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后接兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),第二句的連接詞(尤其是that)不可以省略。有關(guān)各類主從復(fù)合句的區(qū)別和常用連接詞的知識(shí)點(diǎn)仍將是高考常考的考點(diǎn),對(duì)此考生要注意梳理基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),并在做題時(shí)注意題干的細(xì)節(jié),不能漏掉任何有助于答題的信息,從而提高答題的準(zhǔn)確率。
6、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:
1)--- I’m sorry, but I have to tell you that I can’t go to your birthday party.
--- Why? You _______.
A. have promised B. promised C. are promising D. have been promised
答案是B。因?yàn)槌兄Z是過(guò)去動(dòng)作,跟現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)產(chǎn)生對(duì)比,故需強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去承諾過(guò)。此題切記不得使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),因?yàn)橥瓿蓵r(shí)態(tài)指的是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響,而題意正好相反,過(guò)去的承諾對(duì)現(xiàn)在的決定沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生影響。近幾年的NMET單項(xiàng)選擇填空題的命題原則是:“突出語(yǔ)境,強(qiáng)化語(yǔ)意,強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)用”。單選的題干內(nèi)容越來(lái)越貼近生活,語(yǔ)言更加靈活。因此要做好這類單項(xiàng)選擇題,一定要注意體會(huì)語(yǔ)境。
2)The concert _________ raise money for the famine victim.
A. intends for B. is intended for C. is intended to D. intend to
答案是C!按蛩阌---來(lái)做---”的常用表達(dá)形式是: “intend sth for (doing) sth”, “intend sth to do sth”。此題中concert是主語(yǔ),故應(yīng)選擇被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。此題把對(duì)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查與對(duì)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主謂一致的考查結(jié)合起來(lái),是高考考查的常見(jiàn)形式。因其更綜合,更復(fù)雜,就更需要考生有扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。
(二)、句型考點(diǎn):
5、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本含義與完成式。例如:
1)The competition time was too limited, but fortunately our team ______ finish the task right before the deadline.
A. could B. would C. were able to D. might
答案是C。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本含義與區(qū)別。兩者同時(shí)存在時(shí),can 表示可能性;be able to則更強(qiáng)調(diào)有能力完成某事。此類考查的重點(diǎn)還有:might在表示推測(cè)時(shí)語(yǔ)氣最弱; shall用于第三人稱的問(wèn)句中常表示客氣地詢問(wèn)第二人稱意見(jiàn),以及shall表示承諾、命令、威脅等語(yǔ)氣;would表示過(guò)去常常做某事等。
2)--- You know how Mary reacted to the news? She burst out crying!
--- Well, you __________ her the news so directly, as it is beyond her expectations.
A. shouldn’t tell B. shouldn’t have told C. needn’t tell D. needn’t have told
答案是B。本題考查的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式表示對(duì)過(guò)去動(dòng)作或事情的推測(cè)或評(píng)價(jià)。本題中reacted和burst都用的是過(guò)去時(shí),證明動(dòng)作是在過(guò)去發(fā)生的,現(xiàn)在來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)該不該做過(guò)去那個(gè)動(dòng)作,就要用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式。
4、動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式。例如:
1)--- What should we do with the empty bottles?
--- Our teacher advises _______ them.
A. to sell B. selling C. having sold D. sell
答案是B。advise的常用結(jié)構(gòu)是advise sb to do sth,但沒(méi)有sb作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)即為:advise doing。用于此類用法的詞還有:allow, permit等。有些動(dòng)詞后面是固定用doing的,如:imagine, suggest, mind等。有些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)也是固定接doing的,如:pay attention to, get down to, devote oneself to等。以上幾類詞或短語(yǔ)要在復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)注意總結(jié)和歸納。
2)Who do you think would be able to solve the problem _______ now?
A. discussed B. to be discussed C. having been discussed D. being discussed
答案是D。本題選項(xiàng)中羅列了四種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的常見(jiàn)形式,特意免除了對(duì)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查,同學(xué)們可以從中清楚地看出非謂語(yǔ)形式作定語(yǔ)的幾種情況:to do 表示將要去做某事;doing表示正在做某事;having done表示已經(jīng)做完某事;done 表示某事已被做完。同學(xué)們?nèi)缒芾斡涍@四種情況的基本意思,并細(xì)心體會(huì)語(yǔ)境,就能在類似題目的解題過(guò)程中得心應(yīng)手了。
3)_______ from behind, the girl in white looks like an angel.
A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. Having seen
答案是A。此題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用作狀語(yǔ)的情況。此時(shí)to do表示目的;doing表示正在進(jìn)行的伴隨情況,與主語(yǔ)間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系;having done表示已經(jīng)完成的伴隨情況,與主語(yǔ)間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系;done表示已經(jīng)完成的伴隨情況,與主語(yǔ)間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。此類題目的解題關(guān)鍵是判斷主語(yǔ)與可選動(dòng)詞間是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,以及動(dòng)作是在進(jìn)行還是已經(jīng)完成。
3、常用動(dòng)詞的短語(yǔ)搭配。 例如:
1)--- When and where should I _______?
--- 6 o’clock tonight at the gate of my company.
A. put you up B. set you up C. pick you up D. pick you out
答案是C。A意思是“為你提供住宿”;B意思是“建立”,不接某人作賓語(yǔ);C意思是“搭載”;D意思是“把你挑出來(lái)(指認(rèn)出來(lái))”。
2)--- Congratulations on your moving to the new house!
--- Thanks. And welcome to visit us someday after we _______.
A. break down B. settle down C. put down D. calm down
答案是B。A意思是“壞掉,垮掉”;B意思是“安頓下來(lái)”;C意思是“放下來(lái)”;D意思是“冷靜下來(lái)”。
2、常用的動(dòng)詞的特殊含義。例如:
1)A heavy snow this winter ______ a good harvest next year.
A. intends B. mean C. promises D. bring
答案是C。其中promise除了我們所熟知的“承諾”之意,還表示“征兆,預(yù)示”。
2)--- Can you imagine his being _____ with murder?
--- How come? He is such a kind man.
A. charged B. accused C. sentenced D. arrested
答案是A。其中charge除了我們所熟知的“收費(fèi)”之意,還表示“控告,指控”。
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