Question

【題目】Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it's because we have mirror neurons (神經(jīng)元）in our brains.
Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿)it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions，they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.
Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains，but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages，and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: "The hand took hold of the ball"), the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball).
Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.
Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with even more information concerning how humans behave and interact(互動(dòng)).Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent (相等物)for neuroscience of what Einstein's theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does—well, perhaps you'll understand why.

【1】Mirror neurons can explain _____.

A. why we cry when we are hurt

B. why we cough when we suffer from a cold

C. why we smile when we see someone else smile

D. why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late

【2】The underlined word "triggered" in the third paragraph probably means “____”.

A. set off B. cut off C. built up D. broken up

【3】We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons _____.

A. relate to human behavior and interaction

B. control human physical actions and feelings

C. result in bad behavior and social disorders

D. determine our knowledge and language abilities

【4】What is the passage mainly about?

A. Ways to find mirror neurons.

B. Problems of mirror neurons.

C. Existence of mirror neurons.

D. Functions of mirror neurons.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】A

【4】D

【解析】試題分析：本文是一篇科普說(shuō)明文。介紹了鏡像神經(jīng)元的作用。

【1】推理判斷題。從第二段的第一句話(huà)“every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it”可知鏡像神經(jīng)元的作用就是當(dāng)我們看到別人做某事，我們也會(huì)跟著做。故選C。

【2】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段鏡像神經(jīng)元對(duì)語(yǔ)言的作用，當(dāng)人們聽(tīng)到“手抓住球”這句話(huà)時(shí)，神經(jīng)元就開(kāi)始起作用了，就像手抓住球這個(gè)動(dòng)作真的發(fā)生一樣。set off：出發(fā)；觸發(fā)。故選A。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知答案。故選A。

【4】主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了人體鏡像神經(jīng)元的作用。故選D。