【題目】A new study shows the world’s fastest land animal could be running towards extinction.

The Zoological Society of London (ZSL), Panthera, and Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) led the study. It estimates that only 7,100 cheetahs（獵豹）remain worldwide, mainly found in Africa. But according to the study, cheetahs have been forced out of 91% of their native range. Cheetahs found in Asia are among the hardest hit. Fewer than 50 are left in a small part of Iran.

Many factors are to blame for the decline in cheetah numbers, including habitat loss and the illegal trade. Prey（獵物）loss is also a problem. Humans cause it by overhunting animals that cheetahs prey on. Cheetahs are carnivores and prey mainly on smaller mammals, for example gazelles.

Because cheetahs usually roam over large areas in search of food, 77% of their habitat remains outside of government-protected areas. This means cheetahs are in constant danger of hunters and traders. In Zimbabwe, Africa, alone, the cheetah population has dropped from 1,200 to only about 170 in 16 years. This decline represents a loss of 85% of the country’s cheetahs.

Dr. Kim Young—Overton, Panthera’s Cheetah Program Director, thinks protected habitats alone are not enough to save cheetahs. Cheetahs in reserves also face dangers such as loss of prey and illegal trade.

Dr. Sarah Durant, the study’s lead author, believes that the information it contains will lead to a better understanding of cheetahs as well as a better approach to helping them survive. Durant says local and national officials must team up in order to save cheetahs. But first, the International Union for Conservation of Nature must classify the animals as endangered. Currently, cheetahs are classified as weak on the IUCN’s Red List of Threatened Species. The change would focus more attention on cheetahs and help protect them for extinction. After all, in the fight to save cheetahs, it's a race against time.

【1】What is the present situation of cheetahs according to the study?

A. They are in danger.

B. They live freely worldwide.

C. They are protected well in Africa.

D. They mainly live in their native range.

【2】What does the underlined word “carnivores” refer to?

A. Animals kept at home.

B. Animals living in zoos.

C. Animals feeding on meat.

D. Animals killed in the wild.

【3】What results in the decline of the cheetah population according to the text?

A. The loss of their reserves.

B. Their appearance in unpreserved areas.

C. The decreasing government protection.

D. Their increasing natural enemies.

【4】What does Dr. Sarah Durant think of the study of cheetahs?

A. It shows ways of wildlife protection.

B. It implies people’s role in saving animals.

C. It stresses the importance of cheetahs in our life.

D. It informs people of cheetahs’ existing state.

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，世界上最快的陸地動(dòng)物獵豹可能正在走向滅絕。Dr. Sarah Durant對(duì)印度豹的研究告訴人們印度豹的存在狀態(tài)。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中This means cheetahs are in constant danger of hunters and traders.可知，根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，獵豹現(xiàn)在處于危險(xiǎn)狀態(tài)。故選A。

【2】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中Prey（獵物）loss is also a problem. Humans cause it by overhunting animals that cheetahs prey on. Cheetahs are carnivores and prey mainly on smaller mammals, for example gazelles. 獵物的損失也是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。人類是通過(guò)過(guò)度捕獵動(dòng)物來(lái)捕食的，而這正是獵豹所捕食的動(dòng)物。獵豹是食肉動(dòng)物，主要捕食小型哺乳動(dòng)物，例如瞪羚。由此可知，劃線詞的意思是“食肉動(dòng)物”，故選C。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句ecause cheetahs usually roam over large areas in search of food, 77% of their habitat remains outside of government-protected areas.可知，根據(jù)文本，獵豹數(shù)量的下降主要是他們出現(xiàn)在未被保護(hù)的地區(qū)。故選B。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Currently, cheetahs are classified as weak on the IUCN’s Red List of Threatened Species. The change would focus more attention on cheetahs and help protect them for extinction. After all, in the fight to save cheetahs, it's a race against time.可知，Dr. Sarah Durant對(duì)印度豹的研究告訴人們印度豹的存在狀態(tài)。故選D。

利用上下文提供的情景和線索，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的綜合分析進(jìn)而推測(cè)詞義，特別注意上下文的語(yǔ)境，千萬(wàn)不能脫離開(kāi)語(yǔ)境，尤其要注意劃線詞兩邊的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)第三段中Prey（獵物）loss is also a problem. Humans cause it by overhunting animals that cheetahs prey on. Cheetahs are carnivores and prey mainly on smaller mammals, for example gazelles. 獵物的損失也是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。人類是通過(guò)過(guò)度捕獵動(dòng)物來(lái)捕食的，而這正是獵豹所捕食的動(dòng)物。獵豹是食肉動(dòng)物，主要捕食小型哺乳動(dòng)物，例如瞪羚。由此可知，劃線詞的意思是“食肉動(dòng)物”，故選C。

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