“Indeed,” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug(螢火蟲). But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.

Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install (安裝) an alarm”. Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversation. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”, and since the 1940s it has been annoying.

We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as “l(fā)ittle problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a(chǎn) bug’ in his invented record player.”

1.We learn from Paragraph 1 that ___________.

A. Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug

B. George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug

C. the word bug was still popularly used in English in the nineteenth century

D. both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century

2. What does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A. Explanation. B. Finding.

C. Origin. D. Fault.

3.The passage is mainly concerned with__________.

A. the misunderstanding of the word bug

B. the development of the word bug

C. the public views of the word bug

D. the special characteristics of the word bug

 

1.D

2.D

3.B

【解析】

試題分析：這是一篇敘述英語習(xí)語的小短文。主要敘述英語習(xí)語bug的語義演變過程。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段第一句話中提到喬治華盛頓在1785年用到這個(gè)詞匯，而第一段最后一句話，說，英國很快就不用這個(gè)詞，美國卻在19和20世紀(jì)繼續(xù)使用。推斷出18世紀(jì)英國還在用，故選 D 。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段In 1878 he explained bugs as "little problems and difficulties故這個(gè)單詞用來說明電腦出現(xiàn)故障，故選 D。

3.主旨大意。本文主要是講bug 一詞的演變過程，故選 B。

考點(diǎn)：文化類閱讀

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