第一節(jié) 開(kāi)放作文(15分)

One possible version:

　　 In this picture, a mother bird stays in her nest in a big tree, watching her babies flying away. I think the mother bird must be very proud of her children, who are able to find their own food now. But she may also feel a sense of loss since they no longer need her day-to day care as they used to. This picture shows very well the mixed feelings of parents when watching their children grow up. For my parents, things will be much easier. We will set up a family blog to post our photos, journals, and even audios. Once I leave for college, we can conveniently share our experiences and support each other no matter where we are. Their “nest” will never be empty.

福建

假設(shè)你是林華，福建省某中學(xué)高三學(xué)生，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下學(xué)生會(huì)倡議書(shū)的內(nèi)容給某英文報(bào)社寫(xiě)一封信，敘述擬開(kāi)展活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容并發(fā)表自己的看法。

注意：1.信的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；

2.可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，但不要逐條翻譯；

3.詞數(shù)100左右：

4.參考詞匯：增進(jìn)promote;鼓勵(lì)節(jié)約encourage econonmy

Dear editor,

I am a student of Senior Tree in a middle school in Fujian Province.　　　　　　　　　

Yours sincerely,

Lin Hua

Dear editor,

I am a student of Senior Tree in a middle school in Fujian Province.

In order that we can make the best of learning materials, the Students’Union of our school is arranging an activity. We students of Senfor Three are called on to give away our used books, newspapers or magazines to the students in the lower grades. The idea, which is intendent to promote friendsship and encourage economy, is highly praised and supported by the teachers and students alike. The activity will last about ten days, from June 10 to 20.

　　 As a student, I am strongly for the activity because it is very meaningful and helpful. I hope that this kind of activity will continue in the future.

Yours sincerely,

Lin Hua

廣東

Ⅳ 寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)

第二節(jié) 開(kāi)放作文(15分)

請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面提示，寫(xiě)一篇短文。詞數(shù)不少于50.

In your English class, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to your classmates how you understand it.

Dear Harry,

How are things going?

Last Monday, our class held a monitor election. This was our first election, so everyone was excited. Two of my classmates took par in the race; Liu Dong and Wang Hong. They each gave a speech telling us what they would do when they were elected. Then we voted for the monitor. The result was 28 to 15 in Wang Hong’s favor. Wang Hong because our new monitor. The whole class cheered for her, and she promised to do the best she could for us all.

Best wishes,

Li Hua

　　 安徽

假設(shè)你是李華。美國(guó)一所友好學(xué)校準(zhǔn)備與你們學(xué)校共同創(chuàng)辦一份中學(xué)生英文刊物，該校格林先生來(lái)信詢(xún)問(wèn)有關(guān)情況。請(qǐng)你給他寫(xiě)封回信，主要內(nèi)容如下：

*　　　　　 表示贊成。

*　　　　　 提出你喜歡的欄目。

*　　　　　 簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明理由。

　　 注意：

　 　1．詞數(shù)100左右。

　　 2．信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好。

　　 3．適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

　　 4．參考詞匯：欄目一column

﹡ ﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　June 8

Dear Mr. Green,

I am very excited to learn that we are going to start a magazine together.________________________________________________________________________________________________________　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Yours faithfully

Li Hua

June 8

Dear Mr. Green,

I am very excited to learn that we are going to start a magazine together. It is indeed a wonderful idea and everyone hopes for its success.

I would like the magazine to have three columns : News, Teachers' Advice and Students' Voice. From the News column we can learn about what is going on in both of our schools. In Teachers' Advice, our teachers can give us such help as we may not be able to get in the classroom. Students' Voice will allow us to freely express our thoughts and feelings about our lives and studies.

I believe that this magazine will surely strengthen our ties, and I am looking forward to reading it.

Yours faithfully,

Li Hua

北京

第一節(jié) 情景作文(20分)

假設(shè)你是李華，要給英國(guó)筆友Harry寫(xiě)封信，介紹你班兩位同學(xué)精選班長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程。請(qǐng)按下圖順序描述。

注意：1.信的開(kāi)頭已為你寫(xiě)好。

　　　 2.詞數(shù)不少于60.

提示詞：競(jìng)選班長(zhǎng)monitor election

Dear Harry,

How are things going?

Last Monday.(請(qǐng)將情景作文寫(xiě)在答題卡二第一頁(yè)指定區(qū)域內(nèi))

Best wishes,

Li HUa

敘事類(lèi)

外出活動(dòng)、欣賞美景(日記)

We decided to go out for a picnic.

I had a pleasant outing with some of my classmates today.

Early in the morning, we set off for the farm for a visit.

When we reached the farm, we were given a warm welcome.

They showed us around the farm(We were shown around the farm) , where we saw many kinds of plants.

We caught sight of a stream with green grass and beautiful flowers on both sides.

We were completely amazed at the wonder and the greatness of nature.(我們完全被大自然的奇妙和偉大折服了)

We jumped and shouted like innocent (天真的) children.

Once on the top of the hill/The moment we got to the top of the hill, we were deeply struck/attracted by the beautiful scenery.

How we enjoyed the beautiful views from the top !

After being divided into groups, we set to work at once.

Some of us were getting water, some (were) cutting the meat and vegetables, and others (were) sitting on the grass enjoying music.

Birds were singing sweetly in the trees and butterflies were dancing gracefully in the garden/fields.

When lunch time came, we sat on the grassland, eating and drinking happily.

The meal was so delicious that we enjoyed it very much.

We sang and danced together to the music.

Three hours had passed before we knew it.

The time passed quickly before we knew it.

It was time for us to go back when the sun started to go down.

I spent the whole afternoon with our cousins, enjoying the fine scenery and fresh air in the country.

At about four o’clock in the afternoon, we said goodbye to them

At four o’clock in the afternoon we had to return.

They came out to see us until we disappeared in the distance.

On the way back, we were laughing and talking all the time.

What a wonderful weekend we had!

We enjoyed ourselves very much.

Through these out-of class activities we can learn a lot of things that can’t be learned in class.

Although we were tired, we felt very happy. I think it’s our duty to cover our country with green.

意外事故、天災(zāi)人禍

I was walking along the street when a terrible accident happened in the street.

One day something unpleasant happened.

The girl fell off her bike and was badly hurt.

Fortunately, the injured people were sent to hospital without delay.

An elderly man was hit by a car while he was crossing the road.

He fell down to the ground with a cry.

The girl was too frightened to move.

It was soon found out that the driver had drunk too much wine before driving.

The accident delayed all the traffic for an hour and caused the damage of $80,000

Lots of people lost their lives in the floods.

The big floods, which occurred in 1998, caused great losses.

A big fire broke out in an office building in a busy street. The cause of the fire has been unknown. It is being investigated.

The fire lasted about two hours and was finally put out in the afternoon.

As a result, the three-storied building was destroyed, 50 people were killed, and more than 200 were injured.

Up to the present, the cause of the accident is still unknown.

助人為樂(lè)、 舍己救人

Without thinking about her own safety, she rushed out and pulled him back.

He hurried to school, reaching the schoolyard quite out of breath.

She told the teacher what had happened to her on the way to school.

The blind man was out of danger, but she lost her life./got injured.

He was praised for what he had done.

She offered us some gifts, but we refused to accept them.

They all thanked him for his help.

Wondering what to do, Tom saw a policeman.

We hurried to the policeman for help.

With the help of the policeman, we found the owner of the bag.

A clever idea came to his mind.

Then he put his idea into practice.

I left the hospital without giving my name.

This may be the most unforgettable experience of my life.

He felt happy because he had done a good deed.

It was not until then that I really understood the meaning of the proverb:

“ Helping others is the source of happiness.”

He will always be remembered as a hero.

人物寫(xiě)照、生平事跡

He was from a poor peasant’s family.

He is about 1.72 meters in height

By the age of 14, he had taught himself advanced mathematics.

She is already in her fifties, but she looks younger for her age.

He is short and thin with a pair of thick glasses.

She is tall and slim with big dark eyes and black hair.

My English teacher, Miss Zhang, is a middle-aged woman.

She often helps those who have difficulty in doing their homework.

With her help, I have caught up with my classmates.

At the age of eight he became a member of the diving team in Guangdong Province. A few years later, he won a gold medal at the 11th Asian Games and became a world Champion.

　He has his own way of teaching.

He has much knowledge and good at teaching.

All these years he has been working hard.

Many times he has been praised for his excellent work.

He gets on very well with us students.

He is not only our good teacher but also our good friend.

He is honest and always ready to help others. That’s why we made him monitor.

We all considered her pronunciation to be the best of all.

He is a worthy person for us to learn from.

He graduated from Qinghua University in 1982.

An American company wanted to employ him with high pay, but he refused.

He received a doctor’s degree in 1988.

He is strict with us and careful in his work.

He won the first prize in the physics contest.

He devoted all his life to education.

He is loved and respected by us all.

She is considered as one of the best teachers year by year.

With his help, we have made great progress in our studies.

He will always be remembered as a great leader, a wise and warm-hearted man.

He is regarded as a fighter by most of the people in the world.

Miss Zhang is such a good teacher that we all love her very much.

Such was Elbert Einstein, a man of great achievements.

議論文

規(guī)勸惡習(xí)、見(jiàn)解評(píng)說(shuō)

Different people have got different attitudes towards failure.

Different people have different opinions about smoking.

Opinions are divided on the question.

60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fee.

On the other hand, 40% think that fees should be charged.

There are always two aspects(方面) to any situation.

Everything lives with opposite forces. The same can be said about modern technology, such as Internet.

Some (foolish) people seem to think/believe/hold the view that smoking is an enjoyment. But in fact, smoking does great harm to people’s health.

We must try to persuade people to give up smoking.

It is investigated that 30% of the computers are used to play games.

According to a recent investigation, ……

Playing games on computers can be a waste of time.

It’s been proved that early rising can make people full of energy.

Early rising helps to keep fit.

As the English proverb says, “Early to bed and early to rise, make a man healthy, wealthy and wise.”

Experts suggest that people should have regular sports every day.

Study shows that cigarette smoking can cause cancers.

In addition to health problems, there are other reasons to give up smoking.

From the above, I come to the conclusion that smoking does great harm to our health.

From now on, we ought to break away from the bad habit and form a good one.

Millions of smokers die from illness caused by smoking tobacco.

My suggestions are as follows.

As future builders of our country, we should make full use of our

　 time to work hard ,and do things to benefit our country.

As we all know, spending too much time on TV may have bad effects on our work and health, especially on our eyes.

Therefore, we should be aware of(注意) when to watch, how to watch, and what to watch.

There are many ways of keeping good health.

Nowadays, taxies bring people a lot of convenience, but also cause a lot of trouble.

Regulations should be laid down for taxi drivers.(應(yīng)該專(zhuān)門(mén)為出租車(chē)司機(jī)指定交通規(guī)則)

Now more and more students are getting near-sighted in schools,

because they have paid little attention to the care of their eyes.

環(huán)境保護(hù)/生態(tài)平衡

As we know, pollution does great harm to human beings.

It is very important to deal with the rubbish in cities. Rubbish should be treated properly.

With the development of agriculture and industry, more and more waste is produced.

Now more and more people have come to realize how serious this problem is.

Laws have been passed to protect our environment.

A large quantity of trees should be planted.

We must make good use of water and avoid polluting it.

Our government is doing its best to take measures to fight against pollution.

Something must be done to prevent factories from polluting the air.

In my opinion, the best solution to this problem is to carry out the system of praise and punishment firmly.

It is glorious to take care of the environments while it is shameful to pollute them.

It is generally agreed that civilized people should love and protect wild animals.

Thus more effective measures should be taken immediately to protect wild animals.

Only by this means can we stop the air from being polluted.

Only in this way can we enjoy fresh air and live a healthy life.

To protect ourselves, we must keep the balance of nature.

We should take good care of the forest and plant more trees instead of cutting down so as to improve our living conditions.

人生信條、人口人權(quán)

We should make full use of our time to do useful things.

We should form the good habit of saving time. Do not put off what can be done today until tomorrow.

It is a pity that some people do not know the importance of time.

They do not realize that wasting time is equal to wasting a part of their valuable life.

Do not put off what can be done today until tomorrow.

Women shouldn’t be looked down upon.

There’s nothing that women can’t do.

Women hold half of the sky.

Sometimes women are better at their work than men.

The day will come soon when women can really enjoy equal rights.

It is high time we practised birth control.

In my opinion, there is no relation between the so-called lucky number and luck. The only key to success or wealth lies in hard work. We should believe in our own efforts to struggle for success.

It’s very convenient for the people who have their own cars to go to work or to take their children to school. But a lot of problems are coming out.

We should learn anything valuable from all nations in the world.

Apart from the advanced science and technology, we should learn that Americans love freedom and independence.

It is easy to imitate Americans but difficult to learn the secrets of their success.

If the rest of the world also had fair ownership of land like China, there would be no starvation.

There is a long way to go to build China into a most powerful　 country.

The only key to success or wealth lies in hard work.

The reason for their success is that they knew how to study by themselves.

As a proverb says, “Opportunities are only for the prepared minds.”

As the old saying goes, “Failure is the mother of success.”

We must always remember the old saying that where there is a will, there is a way.

Unfortunately, most people do not seem to realize how much inner strength and ability they have.

If they really have the desire and the ambition, nothing is impossible.

Every man knows that money is powerful and important in everyday life. But I don’t think that money is/means everything.

It goes without saying(毫無(wú)疑問(wèn))that money can do many things.

As the old saying goes, “Good health is the best wealth.”

There is no doubt that wealth brings happiness. But there are exceptions when wealth does not go hand in hand with happiness.

People can not live without health but can without wealth.

Only when wealth is acquired by means of honest labor and spent for the benefit of not only oneself but also his people and country, can it bring happiness.

(粘貼過(guò))

應(yīng)用文

尋物招領(lǐng)

　　　　　　　　　　　　 Lost

　　　　 I was careless and lost a bag in the dinning-hall on the afternoon of this month. Inside were two textbooks, a dictionary and a key to my bike. Will the finder please send it either to the students of Class 1, Senior Two ?/Anyone who/whoever found it , please let me know. Many thanks.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Wang Lei

　　　　　　　　　　　　 Found

　　　 A handbag was found, inside which are a camera, a pair of glasses, some money and other things. The loser is expected to come identify it. Please telephone ….or get in touch with …. Please bring your identification card with you when you come.

Will the finder please come to Class 7 Grade III？

Because of my carelessness, my school-bag was left on the playground.

通知/海報(bào)/致辭

May I have your attention, please ?

I have something important to tell you.

I have got an announcement to make.

I am told that a speech contest will be held at the “English Corner ”this summer vacation.

I’m glad to have the honor to tell you some activities you’re going to have today.

The party is a good chance for us to practise our English.

Everyone is welcome to attend the party.

Please bring along your pens and notebooks.

All the students are requested to attend the celebration of the Teachers’ Day to be held in the Grand Hall in the Main Building at 6:30 this evening,

Don’t miss the chance. Please get there on time.　

Please get everything ready. Don’t be late.

That’s all. Thank you.

A professor from Beijing University will give us a lecture on pollution. In the school hall at 8:00 tomorrow morning.

There will be a lecture on pollution given by Professor Wang from Beijing University.

It will last from half past two to four o’clock.

Please sign your name at the Service Desk before 9:00 a.m.

Lunch will be served at the place of visit.(在參觀的地方供應(yīng)午餐)

After the report, we’ll have a discussion.

There will be a close basketball match between Class One and Class Two.

Please be there on time and give your opinion at the meeting.

It would give us great pleasure to invite you to give us a talk in our school. Will you accept our invitation ?

(歡迎詞)I’m greatly honored to extend, on behalf of all the teachers and students , our warm welcome to Professor David. I’m sure Professor David’s visit will promote the friendly relationship between our two departments. All of us will benefit a lot from their visit. I’m sure he’ll give us much valuable advice in our research. Finally I hope Professor David will enjoy his stay in China.

(歡送詞)I have the honor to speak on behalf of my classmates at this farewell party for Mrs. Smith. Mrs. smith came to our school from America in September, 1999. In the past four years, she’s always been kind to us, patient with us and strict in her work. She gave such interesting and lively classes that every one of us enjoyed them very much. Mrs. Smith. is leaving us for her hometown soon. Now please allow me to express our hearty thanks to her successful work and wish her good health and a pleasant journey.

How time flies ! Two years have passed since Mr. Smith came to teach us English.

When you return to your country, we all hope you will keep in touch with us.

Thank you for giving us such a warm welcome.

(告別詞)First of all, allow me to thank all of you for your kind invitation. I’m greatly honored to have such a chance to visit your university. My visit is both interesting and memorable. I’m glad to say I gained a lot from my visit. I’ll treasure your friendship. I’d like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my pleasure and my greatest gratitude to you again.

May our friendship last forever !

Thank you !

招聘求職

Friendship Travel Service looking for travel guides, aged between 20~35, height 165mm (female), 175mm (male); good at spoken English and Putonghua, with a good knowledge of Chinese history, geography and culture.

I have just read in the newspaper that a secretary is wanted in your company.

I’d like to get the job.

I want to offer myself for the position.

I had the pleasure of seeing your advertisement in the newspaper.

Having known that your company needs a typist, I wish to apply for the job/position.

It really attracted me because I’ m looking for a part-time job during my university vacation to pay for next term’s tuition.

Having read your ad in the newspaper, I feel I am fit for the job.

Given the job, I’m sure to make a good guide.

If I am accepted, I will do my best to do the job well.

If I can take the position, I’ll be thankful to you for your kindness.

Don’t touch the machines without permission.

Always do as you’re told to.

When you leave the room, remember to turn off the machine and leave the lab one by one.

Show your identity card when your turn comes.

You may borrow no more than three books each time.

You can keep them for 5 days and you may renew them if you can’t finish them on time.

Pay the cost price for any damage done to the books or magazines.

Obey the rules of the library.

You are forbidden to smoke or to make a loud noise.

People along the sea shore must make full preparation for the hurricane.

Pay attention to the gas, the fire and water as well as the falling trees and telephone poles.

請(qǐng)假/便條

I came to see you but you happened to be out.

Since you’re out, I have to leave this note with you.

Don’t forget to take some food with you for lunch.

If you want to take photos there you can take a camera with you.

Please telephone our teacher if you don’t want to go along.

I’ll expecting you at 3:10 at our school gate.

I’m writing to you to ask a sick leave.

I ask you for sick leave of three days.

I’m sorry that I can’t go to school, so I want to ask for two days of sick leave.

I wonder if you could give me your permission.

Your kind permission will be greatly appreciated.

I’ll go back to school as soon as I am well enough. And I’ll do my best to make up for the missing lessons during my absence.

Tomorrow’s meeting will be put off to Friday.

The flight to Beijing will be delayed for five hours. Now we have to change some of our plans.

I have to meet my wife at the airport at 3 p.m. today.

You are requested to ring him up this evening any time from 8:00 to 11:00.

書(shū)信往來(lái)

I’ll appreciate it if you can tell me something about your school.

In your letter you asked me for some advice in how to improve your spoken English.

I was so pleased to receive your letter and I am writing to tell you　 …

It’ very kind of you to write to me.

I’m getting on well with my classmates.

I have some difficulty in learning English. I can’t tell the difference between written English and spoken English. Would you please give me some advice ?

Dear Editor,

　　　 I’d like to tell you something about the trouble I was facing in buying furniture. The other day I ordered a set of furniture at a furniture exhibition. They sent me the furniture after four weeks. But I found the color and the size of some pieces were not what I had ordered. What’s more, one leg of the desk was broken. So I asked them to take back the furniture and give me back the money, but they refused. I wrote to the director of the factory but there was no answer.

I hope you will publish my letter in the newspaper and help me solve the problem.

　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　Yours sincerely,

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Li Gang

I’ll take Flight CA984 to fly to New York on July 27th. The plane takes off at 11:20 in the morning from Beijing Airport.

Will you please send my notebook to me at the address given above?

How are you doing these days ?

How are you getting along with your studies ?

I’m glad to know you are coming to China.

When you arrive, I’ll go to the airport to meet you.

It’s very kind of you to invite me to have a picnic, but I’m terribly sorry that I’m not able to accept your kind invitation.

I’m writing with delight to congratulate you on your invention.

Hearty congratulations !

My you live a long and joyful life !

Many happy returns of the day ! (祝您生日快樂(lè)!或敬祝佳節(jié))

I’m eager to hear from you.

I am looking forward to hearing from /seeing you.

Please give /send my best regards to your parents.

Please remember me to your parents.

Let’s write to each other and be good pen-friends.

Yours sincerely, Yours ever,

(With) Best wishes (to you).

Good luck to you !

說(shuō)明文

產(chǎn)品廣告

This kind of computer is of good quality..

The Red Star Camera is a new kind of camera produced by Beijing Camera Factory, which has modern equipment and lots of senior experts. The Red Star Camera containing much top and new technique is famous for its excellent quality and reasonable price. All the common families can afford to buy one. It controls mostly by itself, so it is very easy to operate. It is convenient to carry, for it is small and light. Once you have one of this kind, you‘ll enjoy it very much. Now Red Star Camera sell well in our shop and we have a plenty of them.

　　　 Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to our shop to buy the cameras !

今昔變化對(duì)比

My hometown used to be a beautiful place, with thick trees and green grass everywhere.

It is the best place that I have ever visited.

In the past, children couldn’t go to school because of poverty(貧窮).

Great changes have taken place in the past ten(few) years.

Our hometown has taken on a new look.

Our village is not what it used to be.

Thick trees and green grass can be seen everywhere.

Now the Chinese family has changed a great deal.

It is known to us all that the living standard of the Chinese people has greatly improved.

Nowadays , tall buildings have taken the place of old sheds.

Now our school is covered with green grass and fresh flowers, which makes the whole school a good place to study in.

地域地貌

China is a large country with a long history and much population.

Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan Province, lies in the middle of China.

It has an area of 160,000 square kilometers with a population of over 90 million.

It is rich in natural sources such as coal and gold.

The weather is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer..

方位指路、圖表說(shuō)明

Our school is located at the foot of a green hill.

In front of the school is a beautiful garden with a library on its left and a laboratory on its right.

Behind the garden is the classroom building.

At the back of the school are the students’ dormitory and the dinning-hall, in front of which lies the large sports field.

The teacher’s dormitory stands between A and B.

It is not very difficult to find your way from the Friendship Hotel to the station.

When you get out of the hotel, turn left and walk down the street until you see the traffic lights.

Turn right at the third crossing/turning, and you will see a post office at the corner. The museum is next/opposite to it.

Go straight ahead until you get to the end of the street.

Please get across the bridge and go eastward.

No.25 Bus will take you right there.

It will take you about 10 minutes to get there.

It’s about 10 minutes’ walk /ride from here.

The flat is made up of six rooms. When you go in , you’ll first see a large hall with a kitchen and a bathroom. The door on your left leads you to our living-room. Next to the door against the wall there is a sofa, in which we sit to watch TV every evening. On the opposite side stands a color TV set. On your left lies a set of bookcases, with all kinds of books in it.

As can be seen from the chart, …

From the chart/picture /table we can see(The chart shows) that the world population is increasing rapidly.　

常用過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)

And,　 But, However, Otherwise, so, and then,

After that, Shortly/soon after that, Therefore, Finally, At last, In the end,　 For that reason, Obviously, (Un)fortunately, (Un)luckily, (Un)happily　　　　　 Besides, Apart from…, In addition, What’s more, Furthermore, Moreover, To make things worse, 　What’s worse,　　 Even worse,　 Generally speaking, 　Frankly speaking,　 Personally, In my opinion, Of course, By the way,　 For instance, For example, such as, and so on, such things like that, To one’s surprise (astonishment, delight, disappointment, regret, joy, comfort), On the other hand, On the contrary, As far as I am concerned (就我而言) As a result,　 In a word,　 In short,　 In conclusion, In other words,　 To tell you the truth,　 Meanwhile, To be honest, 　As everyone knows, 　As we all know, 　As far as I know, 　It is known that… ,　 As a rule,　 First of all,　 Above all, On the whole,　 Judging from…,　 According to…

我們所說(shuō)的搭配，不僅包括動(dòng)詞與介詞﹑副詞的搭配，而且包括與名詞搭配的意義。以動(dòng)詞make為例。make的基本意義是“制作”，而make beds意思是“整理床鋪”，make use of意思是“利用”，make money掙錢(qián)，make a fortune: “發(fā)財(cái)”，make faces“做鬼臉”等等。

首先，尤其重要的，最重要的 　　above all 偶然，無(wú)意中 　　　　　by accident 對(duì)(于)…很積極 be active in 合計(jì)為 　add up to 承讓錯(cuò)誤 admit one’s mistake 接受某人的建議 take / follow one’s advice 就…提出建議 give advice on 建議某人做某事 advice sb. to do sth. 后天 the day after tomorrow 畢竟；終究 after all 違心 　against one’s will 在…歲時(shí) at the age of 實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo) achieve one’s aim 在空中；懸而未決 in the air 在戶(hù)外，在露天里 in the open air 在機(jī)場(chǎng) at the airport 火警 　the fire alarm 滿(mǎn)腔怒火 　be filled with anger 因某人之言行而生氣 be angry at sth. 生某人的氣 　be angry with sb. 通知 　make an announcement 相繼地，按順序地 one after another 相互，彼此(三者或三者以上之間)　one another 相互(指兩者之間) each other 沒(méi)有回答 　give no answer 為…而擔(dān)心 　be anxious about 急于做某事 　be anxious to do sth. 分開(kāi)住 　live apart 除了 　apart from 因某事向某人認(rèn)錯(cuò)或道歉 make/offer an apology to sb for sth. 與某人爭(zhēng)論某事 　 argue with sb. about sth. 放在一邊 lay sth. aside 請(qǐng)某人指點(diǎn) / 幫助 　ask sb. for advice / help 驚訝于… be astonished at sth. 以前，曾經(jīng) 　at one time 注意 　pay attention to 對(duì)…抱正確的態(tài)度 　　 take a correct attitude towards sth. 引起(注意，興趣等) attract one’s attention 仰臥／仰泳 lie / swim on one’s back 重感冒 　a bad cold 兩件行李 two pieces of baggage 保持／失去平衡 keep / lose one’s balance 在舞會(huì)上 at the ball 洗冷水澡 have / take a cold bath 陣亡 　be killed in battle 在海灘 　on the beach 整理床鋪 make the bed 以…開(kāi)始 begin with 在…起始，開(kāi)始 　at the beginning of 自始自終 　from beginning to end 形成…局面；產(chǎn)生 come into being 安全帶 　a safety belt 三思而后行。 　Second thoughts are best. 盡力，盡最大的努力 do / try one’s best 盡量利用，善用 　make the best of 一切順利，萬(wàn)事如意 all the best 黑體地，粗體地 in bold 出身于農(nóng)民家庭 　be born in a peasant’s family 鞠躬 　make a bow 動(dòng)動(dòng)腦子 use one’s brains 打破紀(jì)錄 break the record 深吸一口氣 take a deep breath 屏息；憋住氣 hold one’s breath 上氣不接下氣 out of breath 刷牙 　brush one’s teeth 突然哭起來(lái) burst into tears 突然一陣大笑 a burst of laughter 要不是 but for 呼救聲 a call for help 保持鎮(zhèn)靜(別慌) keep calm 保持安靜(別吵) keep quiet 保持不動(dòng)(別動(dòng)) keep still 保持沉默(別說(shuō)話(huà)) keep silent 夏令營(yíng) a summer camp 去野營(yíng) go camping 情不自禁… cannot help doing 打牌 play cards 照顧，保管 take care of 醫(yī)療護(hù)理 medical care 假若那樣的話(huà) in that case 以防萬(wàn)一 in case 下傾盆大雨 rain cats and dogs 趕上(或超過(guò)) catch up with 偶然 by chance 免費(fèi) free of charge 主管，在掌管之下 in charge 由…負(fù)責(zé) in the charge of 掌管，負(fù)責(zé) take charge 高興起來(lái) cheer up 童年時(shí) in one’s childhood 挑選，選擇 make a choice 圣誕節(jié)時(shí) at Christmas 去做禮拜 go to church 煙頭 　cigarette end 為…鼓掌 give sb. a clap 接近 get close to 一塊桌布 a table cloth 一套衣服 a suit of clothes 童裝 children’s clothing 集郵 collect stamps 產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生 come about (偶然)遇見(jiàn)或發(fā)現(xiàn) come across 走過(guò)來(lái)；長(zhǎng)出，發(fā)芽，上升；抬頭 come up 共同，共有 in common 參加比賽 compete in a contest 舉辦音樂(lè)會(huì) give a concert 條件是 on condition that 祝賀某人 congratulate sb. on sth. 相反地 on the contrary 失控 out of control 與…談話(huà)；交談 　have a conversation with sb. 在…期間／過(guò)程中 in / during the course of 被…覆蓋 be covered with 因某事和某人發(fā)脾氣 be cross with sb. at sth. 劃掉 cross out 對(duì)…殘忍 be cruel to sb. 立方米 cubic meter 對(duì)…感到好奇 be curious about sth. 對(duì)…造成巨大損害 do great damage to 處境危險(xiǎn) in danger 過(guò)時(shí) out of date 在不久前，前幾天 the other day 對(duì)…充耳不聞 be deaf to sth. 對(duì)付，應(yīng)付 deal with 負(fù)債 　 in debt 還清債務(wù) out of debt 做出決定 make a decision 做好事 do good deeds 付諸行動(dòng)，生效 do the deed 直到深夜 deep into the night 沉思 deep in thought 深夜 deep into the night 毫不耽擱，立刻 without delay 遲遲未做某事 delay doing sth. 發(fā)表(演說(shuō)等) deliver a speech 滿(mǎn)足要求 meet the demands 外語(yǔ)系 foreign language department 百貨商店 department store 難以形容 beyond description 決心做某事 be determined to do sth. 隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展 with the development of industry 獻(xiàn)身于，致力于 devote oneself to 處于滅亡的危險(xiǎn)中 be in danger of dying out 沒(méi)作用，沒(méi)影響 make no difference 做…有困難，難以… 　have difficulty in doing sth. 應(yīng)邀赴宴 be invited to dinner 向四面八方 in all directions 做出新的發(fā)現(xiàn) make a new discovery 正在討論中 under discussion 洗盤(pán)子 wash dishes 在遠(yuǎn)方，在遠(yuǎn)處 in the distance 對(duì)…冷淡 be distant toward sb. 對(duì)…有益 do good to 做壞事，犯罪 do wrong 挨門(mén)挨戶(hù) from door to door 隔壁的 next door 下樓 go downstairs 到市區(qū)去 go downtown 緩慢前進(jìn)，拖延 drag one’s feet 催人淚下 draw tears from sb. 渴望做某事 dream of doing sth. 在墻上鉆孔 　drill a hole in the wall 趕走 drive off 使某人發(fā)狂 　drive sb. mad 掙錢(qián) earn money 謀生 earn one’s living 究竟 on earth 別著急，別緊張，放松些 take it easy 對(duì)…有很大影響 have a great effect on 努力做某事 make efforts to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 量入而出；使收支相抵 make ends meet 美滿(mǎn)的結(jié)局 a happy ending 說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家 　English-speaking countries 報(bào)名比賽 enter oneself for a contest 劇場(chǎng)的入口 　the entrance to the theater 在除夕 on New Year’s Eve 雖然，即使 　even if / even though 時(shí)事 current events 參加考試 　have / take an examination 進(jìn)行體格檢查 carry out a medical examination 考試及格 pass an examination 為…樹(shù)立榜樣 set an example to sb. 做早操 do morning exercises 產(chǎn)生，成立 come into existence 做實(shí)驗(yàn) 　　carry / do / make an experiment 做解釋?zhuān)�說(shuō)明 make an explanation 做鬼臉，裝怪相 make a face 事實(shí)上 as a matter of fact 未能… fail to do sth. 落后，掉隊(duì) fall behind 對(duì)…而熟悉 be familiar with sth. 因…而聞名 be famous for 作為…而聞名 be famous as 摸某人的脈 feel one’s pulse 覺(jué)得想做… feel like doing sth. 傷害某人的感情 hurt one’s feelings 春節(jié) the Spring Festival 發(fā)高燒 have a high fever 科學(xué)領(lǐng)域 the field of science 五十多歲時(shí) in one’s fifties 關(guān)鍵人物 a key figure 填寫(xiě)表格 fill in the form 剎那間 in a flash 一場(chǎng)大洪水 a big / great flood 掃地 sweep the floor 在三層 on the third floor 三層樓的建筑 a building of three storeys 正在開(kāi)花 be in flowers 放(風(fēng)箏等) fly a kite 糊里糊涂 in a fog 欺騙，愚弄某人 make a fool of sb. 在山腳下 at the foot of the mountain 空軍 the air force 靠武力，強(qiáng)行 by force 用很大力氣 with great force 對(duì)外貿(mào)易 foreign trade 養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣 form a good habit 碰碰運(yùn)氣 try one’s fortune 每四個(gè)一組(一批)；四個(gè)四個(gè)地 in fours �？� a frequent visitor 新手 a fresh hand 同…交朋友 make friends with 那時(shí)起 from then on 不時(shí)地，時(shí)常 from time to time 不勞而不獲。 No pains, no gains. 做游戲 play games 代溝 generation gap 開(kāi)始認(rèn)真(做某事) get down to sth. 陷入麻煩 get into trouble 有音樂(lè)天分 have a gift for music 用盡，耗盡，筋疲力盡 give out 朝…看了一眼 take a glance at 向人瞪眼，怒目而視 glare at (燈，火)熄滅 go out 復(fù)習(xí)功課 go over the lesson 進(jìn)了一個(gè)球 score a goal 犯語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤 　 make mistakes in grammar 懂某人的意思 grasp one’s meaning 勿踏草地 keep off the grass 養(yǎng)成…的習(xí)慣 get into the habit of 用手 by hand 分發(fā) hand out 一方面…另一方面… 　　on the one hand…on the other hand 少量的 a handful of 過(guò)幸福生活 live a happy life 損害，傷害 do harm to 一個(gè)好收成 a good harvest 保持鎮(zhèn)靜 keep one’s head 身體好 in good health 記住某事 learn / know sth. by heart 緊握某物 keep a tight hold on sth. 握��；抓住 catch / take / get hold of 趾高氣揚(yáng) hold one’s head high 暑假 the summer holidays 休假 on holiday 為(向)… 表示敬意；為了紀(jì)念… in honour of 對(duì)某人抱很大希望 have high hope for sb. 懷著…的希望 in the hope of doing sth. 住院 be in hospital 大約一小時(shí) an hour or so 挨餓 go hungry 打獵 go hunting 匆匆忙忙 in a hurry 不知道 have no idea 但愿，要是…就好了 if only 給某人留下好印象 make a good impression on sb. 慢慢前進(jìn) inch one’s way forward 患難之交才是真朋友。 A friend in need is a friend indeed. 告訴某人某事 inform sb of sth 堅(jiān)持要做 insist on doing 視察工廠 inspect a factory 激動(dòng)人心的演講 an inspiring speech 急需幫助 in instant need of help 打斷談話(huà) interrupt a conversation 介紹信 a letter of introduction 收到請(qǐng)?zhí)?receive an invitation 邀請(qǐng)信 a letter of invitation 講笑話(huà) tell a joke 和某人開(kāi)玩笑 play a joke with sb. 旅行 make a journey 使某人高興的是 to one’s joy 不可以貌取人。 　Don’t judge a man by his looks. 初中 a junior high school 正在那時(shí) just then 與…保持聯(lián)系 keep in touch with 使…不進(jìn)入… keep out of 成功的秘訣 the key to success 踢門(mén) kick the door 踢掉鞋子 kick off one’s shoes 跪下 go down / fall on one’s knees 敲門(mén) knock at the door 最遲，至遲 at the latest 遲早 sooner or later 哈哈大笑起來(lái) burst into laughter 違(守)法 break / obey the law 制定一條法律 make a law 擺設(shè)餐具(準(zhǔn)備吃飯) lay the table 過(guò)著簡(jiǎn)樸的生活 lead a simple life 忽略，遺漏 leave out 聽(tīng)關(guān)于…的講座 attend a lecture on 給某人一個(gè)教訓(xùn) teach sb. a lesson 從…在中吸取教訓(xùn) take a lesson from 驚訝地叫了一聲 let out a cry of surprise 透漏消息 let out the news 大寫(xiě)字母 a capital letter 仰臥 / 俯臥 lie on one’s back / stomach 復(fù)活，蘇醒過(guò)來(lái) come back to life 交通信號(hào)燈 traffic lights 列一張購(gòu)物清單 make a shopping list 謀生，度日 make a living 喪生，死；犧牲 lose one’s life 泄氣；灰心 lose heart 失音 lose one’s voice 輸一場(chǎng) lose a game 祝你好運(yùn)。 Wish you good luck. 洗衣機(jī) a washing machine 欣喜若狂 be mad with joy 郵寄包裹 send the parcel by mail 賺錢(qián) make money 交朋友 make friends 取得進(jìn)步 make progress 利用 make use of 編造故事 make up a story 彌補(bǔ)某人的過(guò)失 　make up for one’s mistake 有禮貌 have good manners 商標(biāo) a trade mark 滿(mǎn)分 full marks 觀看一場(chǎng)籃球比賽 　watch a basketball match 進(jìn)行比賽 have a match 祝你成功。 May you success. 五一節(jié) May Day 通過(guò)這種方式 by this means 用…方法，依靠 by means of 決不 by no means 按…尺寸做 　make…to one’s measure 采取措施 take a measure 量身高 measure one’s height 獲得金牌 get a gold medal 醫(yī)療隊(duì) a medical team 體檢 medical examination 吃藥 take / have some medicine 滿(mǎn)足…的需要 meet the needs of 遇到風(fēng)暴 meet with a storm 去開(kāi)會(huì) go to a meeting 開(kāi)會(huì) have a meeting 舉行會(huì)議 hold a meeting 為紀(jì)念 in memory of 對(duì)…一點(diǎn)兒也不憐憫 have no mercy on sb. 毫不容情地；殘忍地 without mercy 在…支配下；任由…擺布 at the mercy of 圣誕快樂(lè)！ Merry Christmas! 給某人捎個(gè)信兒 take a message for sb. 中秋節(jié) Mid-autumn Day 上百萬(wàn)的，許許多多的 millions of 改變主意 change one’s mind 當(dāng)心油漆未干。 Mind the wet paint! 下決心 make up one’s mind 外交部長(zhǎng)　　 the minister of foreign affairs 錯(cuò)過(guò)機(jī)會(huì) miss an opportunity 犯錯(cuò)誤 make a mistake 由疏忽所致 by mistake 現(xiàn)代 in modern times 零錢(qián) small money 某人身上沒(méi)(帶)錢(qián) have no money with sb. 選某人為班長(zhǎng) make sb. monitor 某一天清早 on the early morning 在山頂上 at the top of the mountain 參加海軍 join the navy 如果有必要的話(huà) if necessary 需要幫助 in need of help 呈現(xiàn)一片新面貌 take on a new look 打某人的鼻子 hit sb. on the nose 做筆記 make / take notes 與…無(wú)關(guān) have nothing to do with 張貼通知 put up a notice 對(duì)某人毫不在意 pay no notice to sb. 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)著，實(shí)施中 be in operation 訂購(gòu)某物 place an order for sth. 失業(yè)了 out of work 一副眼鏡 a pair of glasses 頤和園 the Summer Palace 此處禁止停車(chē)！ No parking here! 在…方面起積極作用 take an active part in 在過(guò)去的幾天里 in the past few days 對(duì)某人有耐心 be patient with sb. 熟能生巧。 Practice makes perfect. 演出，表演 put on performances 親自，當(dāng)面 in person 給某人照相 take a photo of sb. 彈鋼琴 play the piano 摘花 pick flowers 撿錢(qián)包 pick up a wallet 去野餐 go out for a picnic 一堆書(shū) a pile of books 可憐某人(因同情而幫助某人)　have / take pity on sb. 出于同情 out of pity 代替 in place of 坐某人的座位，代替某人的職務(wù) take one’s place 舉行，發(fā)生 take place 代替，代理 take the place of 訂計(jì)劃 make a plan 玩牌 play cards 對(duì)某人開(kāi)一個(gè)玩笑 play a joke on sb. 與…一起玩 play with sb. 在操場(chǎng)上 on the playground 對(duì)…感到滿(mǎn)意 be pleased with 喜歡做某事 take pleasure in doing sth. 生活富裕 live in plenty 正要…的時(shí)候 on the point of 對(duì)某人有禮貌 be polite to sb. 受某人喜愛(ài) be popular with sb. 占有，擁有 take possession of 發(fā)電站 power station 當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政 take power 因?yàn)槟呈沦潛P(yáng)某人 praise sb. for sth. 贊揚(yáng) in praise of 出席會(huì)議 be present at a meeting 眼下 at present 互贈(zèng)禮物 exchange presents 在壓力下 under pressure 防止某人做某事 prevent sb. from doing 以…為代價(jià) at the price of 無(wú)論花多少代價(jià)(不惜任何代價(jià)) at any price 以…為自豪；對(duì)…感到得意 take pride in 小學(xué) primary school 入獄，被監(jiān)禁 go to prison 在獄中服刑 be in prison 將某人送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄 throw / put sb. into prison 越獄 escape from prison 解決問(wèn)題 solve the problem 回答問(wèn)題 answer the question 遵守諾言 keep one’s promise 答應(yīng)，許下諾言 make a promise 以…自豪 be proud of 養(yǎng)家糊口 provide food and clothes for one’s family 公共事務(wù) public affairs 輿論 public opinion 當(dāng)眾，公開(kāi) in public 出版社 publishing house 故意地 on purpose 把…推到一邊 push aside 推倒，(風(fēng))刮倒 push over 拖延，推遲 put off 不可能 out of the question 接力賽 a relay race 通過(guò)無(wú)線(xiàn)電廣播 on the radio 衣衫襤褸，穿破衣服 in rags 在火車(chē)站 at the railway station 小(大)雨 light / heavy rain 一線(xiàn)希望 a ray of hope 伸手去拿 reach for sth. 夠不著 out of ones’ reach 樂(lè)意干某事 be ready to do 事實(shí)上 in reality 實(shí)現(xiàn)希望 realize one’s hope 為此，為此理由 for this reason 接待處 reception desk 參考；談到 refer to 留在某人的記憶中 remain in one’s memory 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 使某人想起 remind sb. of sth. 應(yīng)…請(qǐng)求 by request 因此，結(jié)果 as a result 盛產(chǎn)；有大量的… be rich in 除掉 get rid of 搶走某人某物 rob sb. of sth. 起重要作用 play an important role 扮演…的角色 play the role of 給…騰出地方 make room for 對(duì)某人無(wú)禮 be rude to sb. 用完 run out of 高峰時(shí)間，擁擠時(shí)間 rush hour 滿(mǎn)足某人的需要 satisfy one’s needs 節(jié)省體力 save one’s strength 也就是說(shuō) that is to say 為某事責(zé)備某人 scold sb. for sth. 就座，坐下 take one’s seat 不讓人知道某事，保密 keep sth. a secret 抓住小偷的衣領(lǐng) seize a thief by the collar 與某人握手 shake hands with sb. 店員；營(yíng)業(yè)員 shop assistant 領(lǐng)某人出去／進(jìn)來(lái) show sb. out / in 炫耀 show off 對(duì)岸；在…另一面 on the other side of 支持某人(方) take the side of 站在…一邊 take sides in 看不見(jiàn) lose sight of 看到，發(fā)現(xiàn) catch sight out 看不見(jiàn) out of sight 靜靜地 in silence 和…類(lèi)似的 be similar to 單程票 single ticket 量…的大小(尺寸) take the size of 偷偷塞給某人一張紙條 slip a note into one’s hand 在雪地上滑倒 slip on the snow 克服困難 smooth away difficulties 大約 or so 與…有關(guān)系 have something to do with 國(guó)歌 the national song 大膽地說(shuō)，清楚并響亮地說(shuō) speak out 發(fā)言，演講 make a speech 以…的速度 at a speed of 平方公里 square kilometers 代表，象征 stand for 餓死 starve to death 處于良好狀態(tài) in a good state 逐步地，一步一步地 step by step 遵守諾言 stick to one’s word / promise 趴在地上 lie on one’s stomach 四層樓的住宅 a house of four storeys 趕上風(fēng)暴 be caught in the storm 對(duì)…要求嚴(yán)格 be strict with sb. in sth. 擦火柴 strike a match 掙扎著起來(lái) struggle to one’s feet 仔細(xì)研究 make a study of 突然，冷不防 all of a sudden 暑假 summer holidays 向某人供應(yīng)／提供 supply sb. with sth. 使某人驚奇的是 to one’s surprise 擦臉上的汗 sweat off one’s face 坐下吃飯 sit down to table 納稅 pay one’s taxes 沏茶 make tea 用望遠(yuǎn)鏡 through a telescope 講故事 tell a story 辨別，分清 tell one from the other 量體溫 take one’s temperature 數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì) tens of thousands of 被…嚇了一跳 be terrified at 因某事感謝某人 be thankful to sb. for sth. 扔掉 throw away 吐出(食物)，嘔吐 throw up 立刻，很快 in no time 交通堵塞 traffic jam 跟某人開(kāi)玩笑，欺騙某人 play a trick on sb. 處于困境(苦惱)中 be in trouble 一條褲子 a pair of trousers 上大學(xué) attend university 拜訪某人 pay a visit to sb. 高聲地(喊) at the top of one’s voice 在交戰(zhàn) at war 穿舊；使筋疲力盡 wear out 拔草 pull out the weeds 穿著白色衣服 be dressed in white 通盤(pán)，作為整體 as a whole 總的來(lái)說(shuō) on the whole 有志者事竟成。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 樂(lè)意做某事 be willing to do sth. 擦掉灰塵 wipe off the dust 創(chuàng)造奇跡 make wonders 不足為奇；難怪 no wonder 插話(huà) get in a word 和某人說(shuō)句話(huà) have a word with sb. 總之，簡(jiǎn)言之 in a word

除了基本意義之外，這些詞在其它語(yǔ)境中還會(huì)有不同的意義，有自己的使用范疇。因此，只掌握基本意義是不夠的。

聽(tīng)得懂，說(shuō)得出是寫(xiě)作的基礎(chǔ)。只有掌握了正確讀音，才能做到這一點(diǎn)。只有正確的拼寫(xiě)才能準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地傳達(dá)信息。太多的拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤會(huì)影響書(shū)面表達(dá)的得分。

寫(xiě)作的基礎(chǔ)是詞匯。詞匯是表達(dá)思想的基本要素。

　　 文章是由句子組成的。每一個(gè)句子都少不了謂語(yǔ)。而擔(dān)任謂語(yǔ)的是動(dòng)詞。對(duì)于一個(gè)很活躍的動(dòng)詞，我們應(yīng)該掌握以下幾個(gè)方面：