4. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was stuck by floods, from __ effects the people are still suffering.

　 A. that　　　　　　 B. whose　　　 C. those　　　　 D. what(2005天津)

3. If a shop has chairs _________ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.

　 A. that　　 B. which　　 C. when　　 D. where(2005上海)

2. - Why does she always ask you for help? (2005北京)

　 - There is no one else _______ , is there?

　　 A. who to turn to　　 B. she can turn to　　 C. for whom to turn to　 D. for her to turn

1. I have many friends,　　　 　some are businessmen. (2005全國(guó)卷一二)

　　　 A．of them 　　　　　　 B．from which 　　　　 C．who of 　　　　　　　 D．of whom

5．鞏固練習(xí)：

4．定語(yǔ)從句中as的用法

1)as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句：

當(dāng)先行詞前有as, the same, such, so修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞常用as。例如：

As many members as were present agreed to the plan.

I’d like to have the same books as are used in your school.

He is not such a person as I expected.

2)as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的異同

which和as都可以指代主句中的一部分或整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，有時(shí)可以互換：

Our team lost the game, as/which was reported in the newspaper.

She was terrified, as/which I could see from her eyes.

區(qū)別：as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中間或放在主句末尾；而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在先行詞后面或主句后面。例如：

As anybody can see, the elephant is like a snake.

=The elephant, as anybody can see, is like a snake.

=The elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see.

Mary was late again, which made the teacher angry.

as引導(dǎo)的從句有“正如”、“正像”之意，而which則無(wú)此意。常用句型有：

as we all know, as is known to all, as everybody can see, as is expected等。如：

As we all know, paper was first made in China.

as 引導(dǎo)的從句在意義上不能與主句相抵觸，而which不受此限制。試比較：

He did the experiment successfully, as had been expected.

He failed in the experiment, which was unexpected.

3．限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起限定作用，是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，去掉后主句意義就變得不明確，這種主句和從句的關(guān)系十分密切，主句與從句之間沒(méi)有逗號(hào)分隔。例如：

This is a shop that sells personal computers.　 //　 The watch that I bought yesterday works well.

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間的關(guān)系相對(duì)松散一些，它對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，去掉后不影響主句意義。因此，一些具有區(qū)別意義的專有名詞及一些表示“唯一”概念的人或物后面常用此類從句。這類從句與主句之間有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。例如：

We are all proud of the Great Wall, which is one of the man-made wonders of the world.

My father, who is a doctor, often encourages me to work hard.

一種特殊的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，有時(shí)根據(jù)句子意思，常把some, any, none, all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等詞、分?jǐn)?shù)或百分比與of whom或of which連用。同時(shí)要注意主謂一致的問(wèn)題，即從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要由xx of whom或xx of which所指代的“人”或“物”所決定.

He has five children, two of whom are abroad.

(比較：He has five children, and two of them are abroad.)

We have tested three hundred types of boots, none of which is/are completely waterproof.

(比較：We have tested three hundred types of boots, but none of them is/are completely waterproof.)

Is there anything (that) I can do for you in town?

There is something that/which keeps worrying me. “有一件事一直令我不安。

③ 如果主句是由 who，which，what 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，為避免重復(fù)，先行詞后的引導(dǎo)詞要用that，而不用who或which。例如：

Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?

Which is the dictionary (that) you bought yesterday?

注意：當(dāng)先行詞是anyone, those, he, she等代詞表“人”時(shí)，一般用who而不用that。同時(shí)要注意主謂一致的問(wèn)題，即從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要由who所指代的“人”所決定.

Anyone who wants a ticket please sign your name here.

Those who want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7:30 p.m.

He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.

④ whose在定語(yǔ)從句中置于名詞之前，充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，既可指人，又可指物。whose xx = the xx of which(指物)/whom(指人)。例如：

Please pass me the dictionary whose cover is black. (指物)

=Please pass me the dictionary the cover of which is black.

The doctor, whose name was Johnson, lived in a small town in the north of England. (指人)

=The doctor, the name of whom was Johnson, lived in a small town in the north of England.

⑤介詞+關(guān)系代詞的用法

關(guān)系代詞緊跟在介詞后面時(shí)，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whom。

介詞的選用可根據(jù)從句中的相關(guān)詞組確定； 也可結(jié)合句意，根據(jù)先行詞確定。該介詞通�？梢苑旁陉P(guān)系代詞之前，也可放在從句之尾。例如：

The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.

=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.

The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.

=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.

The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our company.

Last night I had a dream in which I became a Nobel Prize winner.

I need a pen with which I can write a letter.

但遇固定詞組時(shí)，介詞一般緊跟詞組主體，不作前置。如：

Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for? ( 這里介詞for一般不提前，因?yàn)閘ook for是固定詞組，意為“尋找”，介詞for若被提前，單個(gè)的look意為“看”，句意不符。)

⑥先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只用that。例如：

They talked about the persons and things (that) they remembered in the school.

⑦先行詞是the way時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞有三種，例如：

I like the way (in which/that)the teacher gives his lessons.

Marx told us the way ____ we could learn a foreign language well.

A. why　 B. how*　 C. which　 D. when

2．關(guān)系副詞的用法

關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, 在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，分別可表時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因。但要注意與先行詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的情況相區(qū)別。

I will never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.

This is the house where Lu Xun once lived.

Can you tell me the reason why you sold your new car?

Eg. I will remember the cottage ____ I built with my wife ten years ago.

　　 A. where　 B. that　　 C. in which　 D. in that　

I will remember the cottage ____ I was shut with my wife ten years ago.

A. where　　 B. that　 C. which　 D. in that　　

Eg. Have you asked her for the last reason _______ may explain her absence?

A. why　 B. that　 C. because that　 D. which　　

　 It is for this reason ____ the clear sky over the mountain appears blue.

　　 A. for which　 B. why　 C. because　 D. that　

28．辨析：人創(chuàng)造了文化，文化又促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展，所以要大力發(fā)展各種文化。(13分)