Question

【題目】請認真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。 注意:每個空格只填 1 個單詞。請將答案寫在答題卷上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。

One of the most efficient ways to promote peace and jump-start flagging economies is to empower girls and invest in their education. Today, girls’ lack of access to basic education is compounded when it comes to the use of digital technology, leaving them far behind boys. And because the world is ever more digital, those who lack basic Internet skills will find it increasingly more difficult to participate in the formal economy, to obtain a quality education, to access health care, information and psychosocial support, to have their voices heard.

Since 2013 the global gender gap in male and female access to the Internet has actually increased from 11 to 12 percent. Worse yet, women and girls living in the poorest countries are 31 percent less likely than men and boys to have access to the Internet. In developing countries, some 200 million fewer women than men own a mobile phone, the most common means of Internet access there. This digital divide is increasing, and should it continue at the present pace, it is projected that over 75 percent of women and girls will lack internet access and digital skills.

There are many causes for the digital gender gap. They include girls’ exclusion from basic education writ large, from specific technology education and design, high costs of both devices and Internet access, scarcity of content relevant for women and girls, and socio-cultural biases and discrimination, such as barriers to women speaking freely and privately both online and offline. Indeed, one of the most insidious reasons why girls may be discouraged from learning how to access and use digital technology is also a groundless one: that girls are simply not good at using technology.

The United Nations has affirmed that human rights online are human rights offline. These stereotypes reinforce harmful norms that keep women and girls from enjoying their human rights.

According to the International Institute for Sustainable Development, an independent, non-profit and non-governmental research organization, the gender digital divide is a major roadblock to women’s economic empowerment and participation in the economy. Without a major increase of policy effort and investment, most of the benefits of technological change will be enjoyed only by men, worsening gender inequality.

In the words of USAID Senior Gender Coordinator Michelle Bekkering, a girl’s future should be defined not by her sex, but by her commitment to hard work and ability to access the resources she needs to succeed.

Girls are left far behind boys in terms of digital technology
【1】situation	●Lacking basic Internet skills makes girls less likely to be 【2】 in the economic activities, to get well-educated, to access health care, information and psychosocial support, and to voice their opinions. ●The gender gap has increased by 1% since 2013 【3】 and in the poorest countries, the 【4】 of females accessing the Internet are lowered by 31%. ●In developing countries, fewer women own the mobile phone and the great 【5】 cannot be bridged if it should continue at the present pace.
Causes and effects	●Girls are【6】 from some different forms of education and both devices and Internet access are expensive for girls. ●There’s a lack of proper content and biases and discrimination still exist. ● Some people hold the view that girls are simply not good at using technology, which doesn’t make any 【7】 .
	●Benefits brought by technological changes are mostly enjoyed by men, making gender inequality 【8】 of a problem.
Opinions and solutions	●Empowered and offered a quality education, girls will make significant【9】 to peace and the economic recovery. ●What 【10】 a girl’s future is her devotion, hard work and ability rather than her sex. ●Women and girls are supposed to enjoy more human rights both online and offline.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】Present/Current

【2】involved

【3】globally/worldwide

【4】chances/possibilities

【5】divide/gap

【6】excluded

【7】sense

【8】more

【9】contributions

【10】defines/shapes/decides/determines

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了當(dāng)今男女教育不平等，女孩們?nèi)狈�基本網(wǎng)絡(luò)技能的現(xiàn)狀，其原因，結(jié)果和解決措施。

【1】信息整合題。分析文章可知，前兩段主要講了當(dāng)今男女教育不平等，女孩們?nèi)狈�基本網(wǎng)絡(luò)技能的現(xiàn)狀。故此空應(yīng)填 Present/Current。

【2】信息轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)第一段中those who lack basic Internet skills will find it increasingly more difficult to participate in the formal economy, 可知，女孩們?nèi)狈�基本網(wǎng)絡(luò)技能，會在參與正規(guī)經(jīng)濟方面困難重重，與participate同義此處是被動形式，故填involved。

【3】詞性轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)文章第二段中Since 2013 the global gender gap in male and female access to the Internet has actually increased from 11 to 12 percent.自2013年以來，全球男性和女性上網(wǎng)的性別差距實際上已經(jīng)從11%上升到12%。表示“全球地”，故填 globally/worldwide。

【4】詞性轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)第二段中“Worse yet, women and girls living in the poorest countries are 31 percent less likely than men and boys to have access to the Internet. ”更糟糕的是，生活在最貧窮國家的婦女和女孩上網(wǎng)的可能性比男性和男孩低31%。此空表示“可能性”，故填chances/possibilities。

【5】信息捕捉題。根據(jù)文章第二段中In developing countries, some 200 million fewer women than men own a mobile phone, the most common means of Internet access there. This digital divide is increasing, and should it continue at the present pace, it is projected that over 75 percent of women and girls will lack internet access and digital skills.在發(fā)展中國家，擁有手機的女性比男性少2億，而手機是最常見的上網(wǎng)方式。這種數(shù)字鴻溝正在擴大，如果以目前的速度繼續(xù)下去，預(yù)計超過75%的婦女和女孩將缺乏互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入和數(shù)字技能，即這種障礙不會得到解決，此空表示“障礙，鴻溝”。故填divide/gap。

【6】詞性轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)第三段中They include girls’ exclusion from basic education writ large它們包括女童被排除在基礎(chǔ)教育之外。由此可知，此處意為“被排除”。故填excluded。

【7】信息整合題。根據(jù)文章第三段中Indeed, one of the most insidious reasons why girls may be discouraged from learning how to access and use digital technology is also a groundless one: that girls are simply not good at using technology.事實上，阻礙女孩學(xué)習(xí)如何接觸和使用數(shù)字技術(shù)的最陰險的原因之一也是毫無根據(jù)的。故可知，此處與groundless同義，此處是否定句，“有道理”是make sense。故填sense。

【8】信息整合題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中“Without a major increase of policy effort and investment, most of the benefits of technological change will be enjoyed only by men, worsening gender inequality.”如果不大力增加政策努力和投資，技術(shù)變革的大部分好處將只有男性才能享有，從而加劇了性別不平等，使之成為更嚴(yán)重的問題，此處應(yīng)填more。

【9】信息整合題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中According to the International Institute for Sustainable Development, an independent, non-profit and non-governmental research organization, the gender digital divide is a major roadblock to women’s economic empowerment and participation in the economy.據(jù)獨立、非盈利和非政府研究組織國際可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究所稱，性別數(shù)字鴻溝是女性經(jīng)濟賦權(quán)和參與經(jīng)濟的一大障礙。由此可知，如果女孩們被賦予權(quán)力并接受優(yōu)質(zhì)教育，她們將為和平與經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇做出重大貢獻。故填contributions。

【10】信息捕捉題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中In the words of USAID Senior Gender Coordinator Michelle Bekkering, a girl’s future should be defined not by her sex, but by her commitment to hard work and ability to access the resources she needs to succeed.（用美國國際開發(fā)署高級性別協(xié)調(diào)員Michelle Bekkering的話說，一個女孩的未來不應(yīng)該由她的性別來決定，而應(yīng)該由她對努力工作的承諾和獲得成功所需資源的能力來決定。）由此可知，此處表示“決定”。故可填defines/shapes/decides/determines。