Question

【題目】 When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. The United Nations Organization (UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. Here however rises the problem of costs. Also tied with this is time. Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes.

More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. A common proverb says, “Give me a fish and I eat for a day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime.” If we follow this wise saying, it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves. For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites. Even a small country is able to help less developed nations. Sometimes what is taken for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems. It does not cost much to share such simple things. Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site. They can then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back from time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves. Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands.

Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills. It will not cost much to include deserving foreigners in these courses. Besides giving effective help to the countries concerned, there is also the build-up of friendships to consider. Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies. However, in the long run what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge.

【1】The second paragraph is developed mainly _________.

A.by exampleB.by process

C.by comparisonD.by contrast

【2】Which aid is likely to fall into the wrong hands?

A.A medical team.B.An exchange program.

C.A water plant.D.Financial support.

【3】What can we infer about international aid from the passage?

A.It is facing difficulties.

B.It should be given in the form of materials.

C.It has gained support by developed countries.

D.It is unnecessary during normal times.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。災(zāi)難在全球是不可避免的。國(guó)際援助雪中送炭，然而援助要落到實(shí)處，著實(shí)要有些高效的措施。災(zāi)難區(qū)要直接受惠于援助，聯(lián)合國(guó)為此做出了努力。比如，建立一個(gè)正直無私心救援物質(zhì)的管理團(tuán)隊(duì)。作者認(rèn)為高效的援助不在于物質(zhì)，而是平日里技術(shù)知識(shí)的共享——打造堅(jiān)強(qiáng)友誼，互派國(guó)際交換生。

【1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites.可知，例如，一個(gè)國(guó)家可以與另一個(gè)國(guó)家共享其技術(shù)。這可能是在簡(jiǎn)單的領(lǐng)域，如農(nóng)業(yè)，或在更復(fù)雜的領(lǐng)域，如醫(yī)療和衛(wèi)生保健，甚至在建造衛(wèi)星。以及Sometimes what is taken for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems.可知，有時(shí)，一些被認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的事情，如建立一個(gè)水凈化廠或管理一所學(xué)校，可能對(duì)那些正在尋求解決共同問題的國(guó)家有用。本段中的多次使用for example，like等詞語，由此可推知，作者主要使用例證法來展開論述。故選A。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中They can then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back from time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves. Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands.可知，然后，他們可以把他們的知識(shí)帶回他們的祖國(guó)，如果有必要，還可以不時(shí)地回來澄清疑問或更新自己。這樣的援助是真正有用的，不可能是暫時(shí)的，也不可能落入壞人之手。由此可推知，財(cái)政的支持最可能落入壞人之手。故選D。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation.可知，實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的方法可能并不簡(jiǎn)單。一個(gè)國(guó)家很難直接向另一個(gè)國(guó)家的人民提供幫助。由此可推知，國(guó)際援助面臨困難。故選A。

隱含意義推理判斷題。這類題的題干中常含有：infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/be likely to等標(biāo)志性詞語。解決這類問題時(shí)要理解文章潛在的含義和作者所給的提示。同時(shí)，要對(duì)文章的含義和作者的暗示作出合理的猜測(cè)和推斷。如第三小題，根據(jù)第一段中The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation.可知實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的方法可能并不簡(jiǎn)單。一個(gè)國(guó)家很難直接向另一個(gè)國(guó)家的人民提供幫助。由此可推知，國(guó)際援助面臨困難。故選A。