Question

【題目】Directions : Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.

【1】兩天之后他才回我短信。(before)

__________

【2】只有成年人提高了意識才能保護(hù)兒童不吸二手煙。(Only)

__________

【3】當(dāng)學(xué)生在校園里發(fā)生意外狀況時，及時告知家長很重要。(inform)

__________

【4】這所學(xué)校之所以不受歡迎，是因為該校校長過于重視提高學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)成績而忽略對學(xué)生全 面發(fā)展能力的培養(yǎng)。(emphasis)

__________

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】It was two days before he messaged / texted me back.

【2】Only when adults have raised their awareness can children be protected from secondhand smoke.

【3】It’s very important to inform the parents in time when something unexpected happens to students on campus.

【4】The reason why this school is unpopular is that the headmaster lays too much emphasis on improving students’ academic performance instead of cultivating their all-around abilities.

【解析】

考查漢譯英。

【1】考查固定句式。句型It's + some time + before從句，表示“過了多久……才……”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用一般過去時，故譯為It was two days before he messaged / texted me back.。

【2】考查部分倒裝。only+ 副詞/介詞/狀語從句位于句首，要部分倒裝。本句中時間狀語從句需用現(xiàn)在完成時，主句主語children與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故譯為Only when adults have raised their awareness can children be protected from secondhand smoke.。

【3】考查固定句式。句型It’s very important to do sth.“做某事很重要”，根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)用時間狀語從句，故譯為It’s very important to inform the parents in time when something unexpected happens to students on campus.。

【4】考查固定句式和固定短語。句式The reason why…is that從句，表示“……的原因是”。短語lay too much emphasis on doing sth.“太過于強調(diào)做某事”。故譯為The reason why this school is unpopular is that the headmaster lays too much emphasis on improving students’ academic performance instead of cultivating their all-around abilities.。

部分倒裝

1） 句首為否定或半否定的詞語，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。

Never have I seen such a performance.

Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.　

當(dāng)Not until引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。注意： 如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。比如：I have never seen such a performance.

The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

2）否定詞開頭作部分倒裝

如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等，要倒裝。例如：

Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.

Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.

No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

3） so, neither, nor作部分倒裝

用這些詞表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒裝。例如：

Tom can speak French. So can Jack.

If you won't go, neither will I.

4）only+ 副詞/介詞/狀語從句位于句首，要部分倒裝

Only in this way, can you learn English well.

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.

如果句子為主從復(fù)合句，則主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。

Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.

如第二小題，only+ 副詞/介詞/狀語從句位于句首，要部分倒裝。本句中時間狀語從句需用現(xiàn)在完成時，主句主語children與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故譯為Only when adults have raised their awareness can children be protected from secondhand smoke.。