(2013·高考浙江卷，C)The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby.Almost from the moment it is born，the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother.During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large，warm，and soft object in its environment，particularly if that object also gives it milk.After a week or so，however，the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on“mother”—the real mother or the mother­substitute(母親替代物)．
During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological(心理的)thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby.The Harlows，a couple who are both psychologists，discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother­substitutes—one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire.If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature，the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother.However，if the wire model was heated，while the cloth model was cool，for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother­substitutes as their favorites.Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother.
Why is cloth preferable to bare wire？Something that the Harlows called contact(接觸)comfort seems to be the answer，and a most powerful influence it is.Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers’ skins，putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can.Whenever the young animal is frightened，disturbed，or annoyed，it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body.Wire doesn’t “rub” as well as does soft cloth.Prolonged(長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的)“contact comfort” with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk.
According to the Harlows，the basic quality of a baby’s love for its mother is trust.If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother，the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be.It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball.If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom，the baby rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life.After a few minutes of contact comfort，it obviously begins to feel more secure.It then climbs down from the mother­substitute and begins to explore the toys，but often rushes back for a deep embrace(擁抱)as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well.Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its “mother”．
小題1:Psychologically，what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two weeks of its life?
A．Warmth.B．Milk.
C．Contact. D．Trust.
小題2:After the first two weeks of their life，baby monkeys prefer the cloth mother to the wire mother because the former is________.
A．larger in size
B．closer to them
C．less frightening and less disturbing
D．more comfortable to rub against
小題3:What does the baby monkey probably gain from prolonged“contact comfort”？
A．Attention.B．Softness.
C．Confidence.D．Interest.
小題4:It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure，________.
A．it frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toys
B．it spends more time screaming to get rewards
C．it is less attracted to the toys though they are interesting
D．it cares less about whether its mother is still around
小題5:The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．give the reasons for the experiment
B．present the findings of the experiment
C．introduce the method of the experiment
D．describe the process of the experiment

小題1:A
小題2:D
小題3:C
小題4:D
小題5:B
　本文是一篇實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告。作者通過(guò)一系列的舉例旨在告訴讀者實(shí)驗(yàn)中幼猴對(duì)媽媽的依賴。
小題1:解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的第一句“During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological(心理的)thing...”可知，出生后的前兩周里，幼猴心理上最需要的是溫暖，故A項(xiàng)正確。
小題2:解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段中的第一句“Why is cloth preferable to bare wire？”是本段的主題句。整個(gè)段落解釋了“為什么出生兩周后的猴子更喜歡布媽媽”。根據(jù)第三段的第二句“Something that the Harlows called contact(接觸)comfort seems to be the answer...”可知，布媽媽接觸起來(lái)更舒適，所以選D項(xiàng)。
小題3:解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的最后一句“Prolonged(長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的)‘contact comfort’with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence...”可知，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間與布媽媽接觸會(huì)給幼猴信心。
小題4:解析：選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的敘述可知，幼猴來(lái)到陌生的環(huán)境會(huì)感到害怕，會(huì)尋找媽媽的懷抱，但是只要有了安全感，它就會(huì)開(kāi)心地玩玩具，不那么在意媽媽是否在身邊了。故D項(xiàng)正確。
小題5:解析：選B。主旨大意題。通讀文章可知，本文旨在告訴讀者實(shí)驗(yàn)中關(guān)于幼猴對(duì)媽媽依賴的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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B．the best time to add mulch
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

During adolescence(青春期), peers（同齡人） play a large part in a young person's life and typically replace family as the center of a teen's social activities. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked or because they worry that other kids may make fun of them if they don't go along with the group. Others may go along because they are curious to try something new that others are doing. The idea that "everyone's doing it" may influence some kids to leave their better judgment, or their common sense, behind. 
As children grow, develop, and move into early adolescence, contacts with one's peers and the attraction of peer identification (認(rèn)同)increases. As pre-adolescents begin rapid physical, emotional and social changes, they begin to question adult standards and the need for parental guidance. They find it good to turn for advice to friends who understand— friends who are in the same position themselves. By trying new things and testing their ideas with their peers, there is less fear of being laughed at.
There are two levels of peer pressure. The first is in the large group: for most teens a school or a youth group are examples. This is the situation that gets the most attention. The second is in the close relationship with one or several best friends. This is the situation that is sometimes disregarded. The large group puts a general pressure on its members. It sets the standard for clothing, music, entertainment, and "political correctness". The pressure can be avoided by keeping quiet or by putting on the appearance of agreement.
小題1:Why can’t some children follow their common sense?
A．Because they want to be liked by everybody.
B．Because they don’t want to make fun of others.
C．Because they are curious about their new friends.
D．Because they think all the children will do the same.
小題2:When in pre-adolescence, who may children ask for suggestions?
A．ParentsB．TeachersC．FriendsD．Classmates
小題3:Which word can replace the underlined word disregarded in the last paragraph?
A．unnoticed B．mentionedC．disagreedD．a(chǎn)voided
小題4:What might be discussed in the following paragraph?
A．The reasons of peer pressure.
B．The advantages of peer pressure.
C．Peer pressure from close friends.
D．Peer pressure from a youth group.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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□Product
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Work out how much it costs to make or provide your product. As a general rule, your price will be double the cost. After all, you’re also paying for rent, staff and you need to eat too!
□Promotion
How can you attract people to your shop? Advertising in newspapers and on TV is expensive. Perhaps you can get free advertising by getting a newspaper to write about your business.
小題1:What’s the best title for the passage?
A．How to start a business.
B．Starting a business soon.
C．Starting your own business.
D．Preparations for starting a business.
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A．a(chǎn) business planB． a shopC． moneyD．successful businessmen
小題3:If you want to start a noodle shop, you should ________.
A．expect people to show much interest
B．research your noodles
C．let people try it at a low price
D．let children have a try
小題4:What does “If so” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．There are shops selling the goods like yours.
B．Many people pass by.
C．You should think about which type of person is going to buy what you sell.
D．You should spend the day on possible places.
小題5:You are selling toys to children. It costs 5 yuan to make each one. How much should you charge the children for each toy?
A．15 yuan.B． 5 yuan.C． 10 yuan.D． 50 yuan.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Zoology（動(dòng)物學(xué)）is the part of science that deals with the study of the animals’ growth, home and behavior. It has nothing to do with people, so many students are left wondering why they have to learn it.
Our nature includes not just humans but plants and animals as well. Everything in our environment is connected in a complex cycle. If you have a better understanding of how animals would behave and work with us, then you would value nature better.
Some animals are actually misunderstood by people like sharks and snakes. These creatures are thought of as human killers, and this is mainly because we don’t understand why they behave that way. In zoology you would be able to learn natural behavior as well as their homes so you would completely understand why they would behave in a defensive(防御的) manner when they seem to be threatened. Studying zoology would help people achieve clearness over the common myths we have on different wild animals.
Studying zoology would help people know the real facts about animals. One of the negative facts is the decreasing numbers of some species of animals. It makes people realize that there is a need for nature to be always balanced. We need animals to keep the balance in our environment and for humans to survive as well. It would help us learn the needs that animals lack and we can respond by thinking of solutions we can give to the endangered species of animals.
Modern progress is needed for a country to grow in terms of its economy; however, it should not force us to destroy our rainforests and oceans. People should realize that our modern lives should include the lives of the animals that live with us. They should not be contained in zoos but in their natural homes as well. We will learn that every living creature on the earth has the right to own a home and we need to fight for them to have permanent(永久的) homes.
小題1:According to the text, nature should be       .
A．left aloneB．treated seriously
C．taken for grantedD．taken lightly
小題2:It is implied in Paragraph 4 that animals play a role of        .
A．making our world beautifulB．protecting species of plants
C．providing food for humansD．keeping nature in balance
小題3:To animals, humans should act as        .
A．caretakersB．killersC．competitorsD．trainers
小題4:The best title for the passage may be “     ”.
A．The Ways of Protecting Animals
B．The Importance of Studying Zoology
C．The Introduction to Zoology
D．The Advantages of Learning Zoology

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