18.Step into an American preschool classroom today and you are likely to fall into a so-called print-rich environment,every surface colorfully decorated with instructional posters,classroom  rules,chedules,and  mottos,few of which a 4-year-old can understand in fact.
Besides the confusing things on classroom walls,teaching methods and curriculums have changed recently,by which more time is spent on what's called"seat work"一workbooks and worksheets-but less time devoted to music and art.School-readiness skills are essential for the youngest learners to move on to a subsequent stage.As a result,expectations that may arguably have been reasonable for 5-and 6-year-olds,such as bemg able to sit at a desk and using pencil and paper,are now directed at even younger children,who lack the motor skills and attention span to be successful.
However,parents of preschoolers tend to be on board with these changes,because they fear that the old-fashioned pleasures of unhurried learning have no place in today's highly competitive world.The stress is obvious:Pick the"wrong"preschool and your child might not go to college.She might not be employable.She might not even be allowed to start first grade!
As preschoolers are learning so much academic knowledge at earlier ages,they seem somehow less curious and less engaged.Some teachers say that more children today seem to lack the language skills.The real focus in the preschool years should not be just on vocabularv and reading,but on talking and listening.By talking with adults,and one another,they pick up information,learn how things work and solve puzzles that trouble them.For our littlest learners,what could be more important than that?

25.Which of the statements does the author probably agree with?B
A.Younger children can fully understand the instructional things in classrooms.
B.3-and 4-year-olds shouldn't be expected too much in school readiness skills.
C.More time should be spent on"seat work''instead of music and art.
D.Even 5-and 6-year-olds have good motor skills and attention span.
26.The underlined phrase"be on board with"in the third paragraph most probably means"A".
A.a(chǎn)ccept    
B.reject    
C.doubt    
D.worry
27.Why are parents so picky when choosing a preschool for their kids?B
A.Because some preschools are too old fashioned.
B.Because a wrong preschool might ruin kids'future.
C.Because the competitions between kindergartens are fierce.
D.Because it is easy for them to choose a right preschool.
28.What's the best title of the passage?D
A.New Preschool Breaking down the Kids.
B.The Early Bird Gets the Worm.
C.Preschool,the Gatekeeper to Elementary School?
D.Seat work,a Better Choice for the Youngest Kids?

分析 文章主要說(shuō)明了家長(zhǎng)都十分注重學(xué)前教育,老師指出現(xiàn)在孩子似乎缺乏語(yǔ)言技能,因此不應(yīng)該只注意語(yǔ)法和閱讀,也應(yīng)該注意聽(tīng)和說(shuō).

解答 25-28.BABD
25題答案:B考查細(xì)節(jié)推理,根據(jù)第二段As a result,expectations that may arguably have been reasonable for 5-and 6-year-olds,such as being able to sit at a desk and using pencil and paper,are now directed at even younger children,who lack the motor skills and attention span to be successful.因此,有可能對(duì)于5-6歲的孩子是合理的期望--例如能夠坐在桌子上、使用鉛筆和紙,現(xiàn)在甚至都指向了更小的孩子--他們?nèi)狈Τ晒Φ倪\(yùn)動(dòng)技能和注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間.可知reading skills對(duì)于5-6歲的孩子比較合理,但是對(duì)于3-4歲的孩子還太早,所以B選項(xiàng)"3-4歲的孩子不應(yīng)該在閱讀技巧上被過(guò)高期望"為正確答案.
26題答案:A考查細(xì)節(jié)推理,根據(jù)上文可知父母對(duì)孩子的期望很高因此他們是贊成這些改變的,故本題答案為A選項(xiàng).
27題答案:B考查細(xì)節(jié)推理,根據(jù)第三段后面的The stress is obvious:Pick the"wrong"preschool and your child might not go to college.壓力是很明顯的:選擇了錯(cuò)誤的預(yù)備學(xué)校,你的孩子有可能上不了大學(xué).可知父母認(rèn)為錯(cuò)誤的學(xué)校有可能會(huì)對(duì)孩子的未來(lái)造成傷害,故本題答案為B選項(xiàng).
28題答案:D考查主旨大意,文章主要說(shuō)明了學(xué)前教育對(duì)孩子的重要性,現(xiàn)在的孩子似乎缺乏語(yǔ)言技能,因此需要同時(shí)注重聽(tīng)和說(shuō),故本題答案為D選項(xiàng).

點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì) 性找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確的答案.

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Phrases like"tiger mom"and‘‘helicopter parent"have made their way into everyday language.Many of us find ourselves drawn to the idea that with just a bit more parental hard work and effort,we might turn out children with bright futures.But is there anything wrong with a kind of"overparenting style"?
Parental involvement has a long history of being studied.Many of the studies,conducted by Diana Baumrind,a famous psychologist at the University of California,Berkeley,have found that a good parent is the one who is involved and reacts to her child in a positive way,who sets high expectations but gives her child independence.These"authoritative parents"appear to hit the sweet spot of parental involvement and generally raise children who do better academically,psychologically and socially than children whose parents are not strict and less involved,or controlling and more involved.Why is this parenting style so successful?
Authoritative parents actually help improve motivation in their children.Carol Dweck,a social psychologist at Stanford University,has done research that indicates why authoritative parents raise more motivated children.In a typical experiment,Dr.Dweck takes young children into a room and asks them to solve a simple puzzle.Most do so with little difficulty.But then Dr.Dweck tells some,but not all,of the kids how clever they are.As it turns out,the children who are not told they're smart are more motivated to solve increasingly difficult puzzles.They also show higher levels of confidence and show greater progress in puzzle-solving.
As the experiment suggests,praising children's talents and abilities seems to shake their confidence.Dealing with more difficult puzzles carries the risk of losing one's status as"smart".Dr.Dweck's work strongly supports that of Dr.Baumrind,who also found that reasonably supporting a child's independence and limiting interference (干涉) causes better academic and emotional results.
The central task of growing up is to develop a sense of self that is independent and confident.If you treat your young child who is just learning to walk as if she can't walk,you reduce her confidence.Allowing children to make mistakes is one of the greatest challenges of parenting.It is easier when they are young.The potential mistakes carry greater risks,and part of being a parent is reducing risk for our children.

67.According to the passage,a"tiger mom"D.
A.helps her children realize their dreams
B.speaks her children's everyday language
C.places reasonable expectations on her children
D.pays close attention to her children's experiences
68.It is implied that controlling style of parenting mayC.
A.face more challenges of children
B.foster independence in children
C.cause more problems in children
D.lead to children's academic success
69.The example of the children doing the puzzles suggests thatB.
A.a(chǎn) good game plays a big role in training young minds
B.overpraising makes children less motivated and confident
C.puzzle-solving can give children the motivation they need
D.bright children usually show less confidence in difficult games
70.The last paragraph tells us thatC.
A.children should not be given much freedom
B.parents should not increase the risk of challenging
C.parents should allow their children to learn from mistakes
D.children should correct mistakes with the help of their parents.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

8.How has smoking been controlled in recent years?
People were asked to stop smoking in a range of public places over the second half of the 20th century but it was after the King's Cross Underground fire on November 18,1987,caused by a cigarette end which resulted in 31deaths,that restrictions on smoking in public places gained rapid and widespread acceptance.
How did a ban on smoking in public places come into place?
In 1998the Smoking Kills White Paper set out a national strategy to reduce smoking prevalence (流行) and passive smoking,including in public places.The measures were voluntary and poorly carried out.After a public conference in England in 2004,the Government decided to choose for lawmaking.Scotland went first,with a ban in 2006,followed by the other nations a year later.
What is the current law?
Any person who smokes in enclosed public places,including pubs,offices,on public transport and work vehicles,is breaking the law.It does not extend to private houses.It is also an offence for people in charge of premises (營(yíng)業(yè)場(chǎng)所) to permit others to smoke in them.
How was it received?
It was welcomed by most organizations-except for some pub owners and restaurateurs.All railway facilities are covered,as are all football grounds and stadiums.School grounds are not required to be smoke-free under the legislation(法規(guī)),but the majority now are.
How has it been forced?
Compliance (服從) in public premises has been high,with inspections suggesting that 99per cent of places were sticking to the rules.The number of people charged for smoking in cars has been very low,which was due to the problems defining and identifying"work"vehicles.They said that a total ban on smoking in vehicles would end this confusion.
Has it improved health?
Studies in early adopters of the law suggest a reduction in hospital admissions for heart disease,which has been shown to be linked to passive smoking.There is also strong evidence of a drop in the number of cigarettes consumed by those who continue to smoke.

64.When did the first law come out to ban smoking in public places?D
A.1987.  B.1998.   C.2004.  D.2006.
65.Which of the following behaviors may NOT be against the law?C
A.Jack often smokes in the office when he is alone.
B.A taxi driver is smoking with a lady in his car.
C.Tom smokes while thinking of his future at home.
D.Max smokes for relaxation during time-out in the stadium.
66.Who might feel unhappy about the law according to the article?A
A.A restaurant owner.   B.A company manager.
C.A car owner.          D.A policy maker.
67.What can you infer from the article?B
A.Most heart diseases have been proved to be linked to passive smoking.
B.A new law may soon come out with a total ban on smoking in vehicles.
C.The 1987fire has convinced more people that smoking is bad for health.
D.Most of the school grounds are not smoke-free,as it is not banned in the law.

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