Question

5．Can you believe your eyes？A recent experiment suggests that the answer to that question may depend on your age．
   Martin Doherty，a psychologist at the University of Stifling in Scotland，led the team of scientists．In this experiment，Doherty and his team tested the perception（觀察力） of some people，using pictures of some orange circles．The researchers showed the same pictures to two groups of people．The first group included 151 children aged 4 to 10，and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25．
   The first group of pictures showed two circles alone on a white background．One of the circles was larger than the other，and these people were asked to identify the larger one．Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 percent of the time．Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time．
   Next，both groups were shown a picture where the orange circles，again of different sizes，were surrounded by gray circles．Here's where the trick lies in．In some of the pictures，the smaller orange circle was surrounded by even smaller gray circles--making the orange circle appear larger than the other orange circle，which was the real larger one．And the larger orange circle was surrounded by even bigger gray circles--so it appeared to be smaller than the real smaller orange circle．
   When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures，they weren't fooled-they were still able to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before．Older children and adults，on the other hand，did not do as well．Older children often identified the smaller circle as the larger one，and adults got it wrong most of the time．
   As children get older，Doherty said，their brains may develop the ability to identify visual context（背景）．In other words，they will begin to process the whole picture at once：the tricky gray circles，as well as the orange circle in the middle．As a result，they're more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick．
71．Doherty and his team of scientists did an experiment to evaluate．D
A．children's and adults'brains           
B．children's and adults'eye-sight
C．the influence of people's age         
D．people's ability to see accurately
72．When asked to find the larger circle，．C
A．a(chǎn)dults got it right most of the time with gray ones around
B．children at 6 got it wrong 79%of the time with no gray ones around
C．children at 4 got it right about 79%of the time with gray ones around
D．only adults over 1 8 got it right 95%of the time with gray ones around
73．According to the passage，we can know that．A
A．a(chǎn) circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size
B．a(chǎn)n orange circle appears bigger than a gray one of the same size
C．a(chǎn) circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real size
D．a(chǎn) smaller orange circle appears bigger on a white background
74．Visual context may work when children get older than．B
A．4               B．6               C．10              D．18
75．Why are younger children not fooled？D
A．Because older people are influenced by their experience．
B．Because they are smarter than older children and adults．
C．Because people's eyes become weaker as they grow older．
D．Because their brains can hardly notice related things together．

Answer 1

分析 本文是一篇說明文，講述了觀察力與年齡有關(guān)，年齡不同，觀察力也不同．

解答 DCABD
71   D  細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)第二段In this experiment，Doherty and his team tested the perception（觀察力） of some people，描述，可知做實驗的目的是評估讓你們的觀察能力，故選B
72  C   細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)第三段Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 percent of the time．…Next，both groups were shown a picture where the orange circles，again of different sizes，were surrounded by gray circles．描述，可知當(dāng)被要求找出大圓圈時，四歲的孩子的準(zhǔn)確率是79%，故選C
73   A  細(xì)節(jié)題． 根據(jù)第三段Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 percent of the time．Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time．描述，可知被大圓圈包圍的圓看起來要比真實小一些，故選D
74   B   推理判斷題． 根據(jù)As children get older，Doherty said，their brains may develop the ability to identify visual context．In other words，they will begin to process the whole picture at once：及上文When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures，they weren't fooled-they were still able to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before．描述，可知孩子們六歲多的時候視覺語境開始起作用，故選B
75   D     推理判斷題．根據(jù)they were still able to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before．描述，可知小孩子沒有被愚弄的原因是他們的大腦幾乎不會注意到它們的聯(lián)系，故選D

點評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．