4.Teenagers have fewer friends than 20years ago,research has shown---despite the increasing popularity of social media.
A study carried out by experts at The University of Queensland in Australia,found teens felt less lonely than two decades ago---but that they have poorer social networks.
A survey of more than 285,000US high school students carried out between 1991and 2012found young people had fewer friends with whom to interact,but less desire for more friends.
The Globe and Mail quotes the findings of the research,printed in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,which suggests economic changes may have helped increased individuality (個(gè)體意識(shí)) among young people.
The authors behind the study wrote,"Greater economic opportunities offer individuals more freedom to manage their own money,decide whom to date and decide whom to marry,reducing the influence of relatives and giving people more freedom,which may increase individualism."
"Economic changes lead to increased individuality,which could lead to decreasing interest in friends,increasing self-reliance,increasing self-esteem (自尊) and decreasing loneliness."
Lead researcher,Dr.David Clark said further research on cultures outside the US would help determine if modernization is the root cause of the observed results.
He said,"If other cultures show the same pattern of reduced loneliness in the face of poorer social networks,this would support the idea that modernization is responsible."
The findings have shown that the growing use of social networking sites has had a negative effect on the quality of people's friendships.
A study from 2006by sociologists at Duke University also showed that on average most adults only have two people they can talk to about the most important subjects in their lives while one quarter had no close friends at all.

9.Compared with 20years ago,what do we know about teenagers today?B
A.They feel more lonely.
B.They have fewer friends.
C.They have wider social networks.
D.They are more eager to make friends.
10.What may economic changes make teens do today?C
A.Desire more friends.
B.Feel more lonely.
C.Be more independent.
D.Make money more easily.
11.In Dr.David Clark's view,D.
A.some adults have no close friends at all
B.teens should get away from social networks
C.a(chǎn)ll cultures show teens today feel less lonely
D.modernization may cause teens'reduced loneliness.

分析 研究表明,與20年前相比較,盡管社交媒體越來越受人們的歡迎,但是青少年的朋友卻日益減少.
來自澳大利亞昆士蘭州大學(xué)(The University of Queensland)的專家調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),盡管青少年的生活相比20年前孤獨(dú)感在減少,但是他們的社交圈子越來越小.
一份歷時(shí)12年(從1991年到2012年)、涵蓋28.5萬高中生的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),雖然年輕人的朋友越來越少,但是他們更多交友的意向并無增多.
《環(huán)球郵報(bào)》(The Globe and Mail)引用刊登在《個(gè)性和社會(huì)心理學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》(the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin)上的調(diào)查結(jié)果指出:經(jīng)濟(jì)增長可能會(huì)促進(jìn)年輕人個(gè)人主義的增長.
該研究的撰寫人寫道:"經(jīng)濟(jì)越寬裕,個(gè)體的選擇范圍越大.如何支配金錢,和誰約會(huì)、結(jié)婚,都更加自主.家族的影響減弱了,人們擁有更多自主權(quán),個(gè)人主義也可能隨之增強(qiáng).
"經(jīng)濟(jì)變化促使個(gè)人主義的增長的同時(shí),可能導(dǎo)致人們交友興趣減弱,使人們更多的轉(zhuǎn)向自立、增強(qiáng)自尊、減少孤獨(dú)感."
首席研究員大衛(wèi)•克拉克(Dr David Clark)博士說,就現(xiàn)代化是否是造成已知結(jié)果的根本原因這一點(diǎn),還有待在美國以外的其他文化中進(jìn)一步研究.
他說:"如果其他文化在面對(duì)糟糕的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)也顯示出相同的孤獨(dú)減少模式,那么這個(gè)結(jié)果將支持"現(xiàn)代化是已知結(jié)果的根源"這一假說."
 一系列研究表明,社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)使用的增多不利于人們友情的提高.自此,研究人員得出了上述結(jié)論.
來自杜克大學(xué)(Duke University)的社會(huì)學(xué)家2006的一項(xiàng)研究也表明,平均來講,大多數(shù)成年人只有兩個(gè)真正的知己,而四分之一的人根本沒有一個(gè)可以說知心話的人.

解答 9-11 BCD
9.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)文章第一句話Teenagers have fewer friends than 20years ago,research has shown---despite the increasing popularity of social media.可知,調(diào)查表明,現(xiàn)在的青少年比20年前的青少年有更少的朋友,故答案為B
10.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)文章第三段The Globe and Mail quotes the findings of the research,printed in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,which suggests economic changes may have helped increased individuality (個(gè)體意識(shí)) among young people.可知,經(jīng)濟(jì)的改變?cè)黾恿四贻p人的個(gè)體意識(shí),使他們更加獨(dú)立,故答案為C
11.D 推理判斷題 根據(jù)If other cultures show the same pattern of reduced loneliness in the face of poorer social networks,this would support the idea that modernization is responsible."可知,Dr.David Clark's 認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)代化造成了這一結(jié)果,故答案為D

點(diǎn)評(píng) 閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論,對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋.考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn).

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13.Eric was known for his red hair and his bad temper,and thus he earned the name Eric the Red.Like his father Thorval Asvaldson he also killed several men in personal quarrels,one concerning the death of some of his slaves,and another concerning some wood working tools.Following these killings,he had to leave Iceland for three years.
Eric lived and explored in Greenland for the full three years of his banishment(流放) from Iceland.Realizing the habitable(適于居住的) Greenland,he returned to Iceland.He persuaded 25ships to be with him on a mission to colonize(殖民) this new land.Some turned back and others were lost at sea,but Eric arrived in Greenland with about 14ships,and around 500settlers.The colony prospered( 繁榮),and Eric became a rich leader.Therefore,Eric was regarded as the discoverer of America.
Eric's son Lief was a strong leader,and an explorer himself.He sailed west and found rich lands there which he named Vinland,but soon after he returned to Greenland,the island was going through a plague (瘟疫) brought from Iceland,and many of its settlers,including Eric the Red,died.Once Greenland might have reached around 3000~4000inhabitants(居住者),but the dreams of settling further west came to little as the Greenlanders struggled to survive in their awful environment which worsened with a cooling cycle.Several hundred years after Eric and Lief the Greenlanders were cut off from Europe,the colder climate brought the Innuit peoples south,and into fight with the Vikings that survived in the terrible conditions.Around a hundred years before Columbus"discovered America",the colony in Greenland failed to support itself.No one knows if there were any survivors where they left.

21.What can be inferred about Eric the Red from paragraph1?B
A.Eric the Red often lent his wood working tools to other people.
B.Eric the Red got his name because of his appearance and temper.
C.Eric the Red often had quarrels with his father and other people.
D.Eric the Red was born in a rich family and lived a happy childhood.
22.What led to the death of the inhabitants on Vinland?D
A.Fights against the invaders.
B.Some natural disasters.
C.The terrible weather there.
D.An unexpected disease.
23.Why did Lief's hope of settling further west fail in the end?B
A.Because Lief was killed in the fight with the Innuit peoples.
B.Because the environment there was awfully terrible.
C.Because the Greenlanders were cut off from Europe.
D.Because no one was willing to move westwards.

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科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

8.When you learn reading,nlath,and other subjects taught in school from your parents or teaehers who come to your house,it's called homeschooling.A kid may be the only one,or he may be taught with brothers,sisters,or kids from the neighborhood.
Parents choose to homeschool their children for many different reasons.Sometimes a kid is sick and can't go to regular school.But more often,kids are homeschooled beeause their parents feel they can give their children a better education than the local school can.Patents also may choose homeschooling because they want their children's education to include religious (宗教的) instruction,which isn't offered at puhlie schools.
If you don't like school,homeschooling might seem like the perfect solution.But it's better for everyone if homeschooling isn't chosen just as an escape from school or prohlems there.Finding solutions to the problem should be the first step.
Kids who are homeschooled may benefit from the one-on-one attention.For example,if you don't understand something in math,the whole class won't he moving on without you.You might be the whole class!It's also possible that you might learn more than you would in a regular classroom,because if you really good at something,you can keep learning more at your own pace.
Kids who are homeschooled also may get out in their communities more than other kids.They may get to experience hands-on education at museums,libraries,businesses and other community resources.They also might volunteer or take part in"service learning"where they take on local projects.
No matter where a child goes to school,the key to learning is listening to the teacher and asking for help when you need it.A homeschooled child might feel more comfortable with his teacher (a parent),but the child still needs to pay attention and cooperate.Just like in a traditional school,teachers and students need to work together to achieve goals in the classroom.

64.The passage mainly tells usB.
A.every kid should be taught at home
B.what homeschooling is and how it works
C.the advantages and disadvantages of homeschooling
D.homeschooled kids should go out to do volunteer work
65.What does the author think of homeschooling?C
A.It shouldn't be encouraged at all.
B.It is not a good way to get educated.
C.It can offer kids what suits their needs.
D.It is only good for the kids who can't go to school.
66.The similarity of homeschooling and learning at school is thatA.
A.students all should cooperate with their teachers
B.students don't feel lonely
C.students all have many classmates
D.studenls all have more opportunities to get out
67.Which of the following should NOT belong to the reasons why kids get homeschooled?D
A.They can get more benefits from homeschooling.
B.They can't go to school because of their bad health.
C.They can learn something that is not taught in school.
D.They escape from school because they hate going to school.

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