Question

【題目】A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in almost the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as formal texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.

A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or making him sad thinking. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often sorry for cruelty than those who had not. As to fears, there are, I think, some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises(出現(xiàn)) from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.

There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc. do not exist; and that, instead of being fond of the strange side in fairy tales, the child should be taught to learn the reality by studying history. I find such people, I must say, so peculiar(奇怪的) that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case were sound, the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girlfriend.

No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believed that it was.

【1】The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when _______.

A. it is repeated without any change B. it is treated as a joke

C. some changes are made to it by a parent D. it is set in the present

【2】According to the passage, great fear can take place in a child when the story is _______.

A. in a realistic setting B. told in a different way

C. repeated too often D. heard for the first time

【3】The advantage claimed(提出) for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it _______.

A. develops their power of memory

B. makes them less fearful

C. makes them believe there is nothing to be afraid of

D. encourages them not to have strange beliefs

【4】One of the reasons why some people are not in favor of fairy tales is that _______.

A. they are full of imagination

B. they make teachers of history difficult to teach

C. they are not interesting

D. they are just made up of the stories which are far from the truth

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 C

【2】 D

【3】 B

【4】 D

【解析】

這是一篇議論文。本文主要講了對于孩子們閱讀童話故事存在一些爭議。有些人認(rèn)為童話故事的恐怖情節(jié)傷害了孩子，也有人認(rèn)為童話故事不客觀真實(shí)，脫離了現(xiàn)實(shí)。

【1】推理判斷題。由第一段的“It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.”可知，作者認(rèn)為如果父母講神話故事結(jié)合當(dāng)時(shí)的實(shí)際時(shí)代和孩子的實(shí)際情況，而不僅僅是從故事書上讀故事，也就是對故事進(jìn)行一定的改動，效果更好。故C選項(xiàng)正確。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的“As to fears, there are, I think, some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises from the child having heard the story once.”可知，作者認(rèn)為如果故事只講了一遍，小孩會產(chǎn)生恐懼感。也就是說如果孩子們第一次聽到故事時(shí)會感到恐懼。故D選項(xiàng)正確。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的最后一句話“Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.”可知，作者認(rèn)為不斷的重復(fù)故事可以讓小孩變得熟悉(familiarity)故事，這樣恐懼的痛苦（pain of fear）就會變成恐懼的快樂（pleasure of a fear）。B選項(xiàng)正確。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的首句“There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc. do not exist…”可知，也有人反對神話故事是因?yàn)樗鼈儾皇强陀^真實(shí)的，“not objectively true”與 “far from the truth”同義。故D選項(xiàng)正確。