Question

5．What is politeness？This sounds like a simple question．In daily life，we often make judgments about what is polite and what is not polite．For example，to offer your seat to the elderly on a bus is considered polite behavior，and to interrupt when someone is talking is considered impolite； to greet someone the first time you meet him in the morning is polite and to stand up to reach for the dish you want at a dinner table is impolite．So politeness can first of all be regarded as a phenomenon，an observable social phenomenon．
What I would like to propose is that as an observable social phenomenon，politeness is something superficial，but to account for what is understood at the surface，we should dig into the depth where different cultural values are rooted．
When being complimented （贊美），an English-speaking person would readily accept the compliment by saying something like"Thank you"to show his appreciation of the praise，but a Chinese speaker would try to deny the truth of the compliment．They both think they are behaving properly．Yet neither of them would think the other is being polite．The English speaker is being polite to the extent that by accepting and showing appreciation of the compliment，and he avoids hurting the positive face of the person who makes it； the Chinese speaker is showing modesty by Denigrating（貶低） himself，ignoring the fact of the compliment paid to him．As has been mentioned，self-denigration has been at the core of the Chinese understanding of politeness for over two thousand years．The Chinese，in order to show modesty，will go to such lengths as to underrate what he himself has achieved and deny the truth of a complimentary remark．

29．According to the first paragraph，politeness can be briefly described asD
A．proper social phenomena             
B．being modest
C．showing appreciation               
D．a(chǎn)n observable social phenomenon
30．In the author's opinion，the nature of politeness lies inC．
A．something superficial
B．what is understood at the surface
C．different cultural values
D．the root of different thoughts
31．Which of the following is TRUE？C
A．Chinese speakers dislike being complimented．
B．English-speaking people are reluctant to accept compliment．
C．Chinese tend to show politeness and modesty by denying the truth of praise．
D．Chinese people think highly of British politeness while English people think poorly of  Chinese politeness．
32．What's the author's attitude towards Chinese politeness？A
A．Objective．                             
B．Critical．
C．Optimistic．                        
D．Approving．

Answer 1

分析 禮貌具有明顯的文化特征．中國式禮貌的最大特點(diǎn)是"夫禮者，自卑而尊人"．現(xiàn)在這個禮貌準(zhǔn)則中"卑"的成分逐漸被"自貶"和"自謙"取代．那么西方人的禮貌特點(diǎn)是怎么體現(xiàn)的呢？

解答 DCCA
29   D   細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)文中第一段的最后一句"So politeness can first of all be regarded as a phenomenon，an observable social phenomenon"可知，D項(xiàng)符合題意，故正確答案為D．
30   C   細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)文中第二段"politeness is something superficial，but to account for what is understood at the surface，we would dig into the depth where different cultural values are rooted"可知，禮貌的本質(zhì)在于"different cultural values"，故正確答案為C．
31   C    細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)第三段"…but a Chinese speaker would try to deny the truth of the compliment．They both think they are behaving properly"可知，C項(xiàng)符合題意；A項(xiàng)，中國人為了表示謙虛才會"ignoring the fact of the compliment paid to him"，這并不說明中國人不喜歡被稱贊，所以A項(xiàng)錯誤；B項(xiàng)，be reluctant to…表達(dá)"不情愿…"，由原文可知，"English-speaking people would readily accept the compliment"，所以B項(xiàng)錯誤；D項(xiàng)，根據(jù)原文"…Yet neither of them would think the other is being polite"可知，D項(xiàng)不符合原文，所以D項(xiàng)錯誤．故正確答案為C．
32    A    推斷題．根據(jù)第三段段末內(nèi)容可知，作者只是客觀陳述中國人價值觀里的禮貌，并無 critical"批判的"、optimistic"樂觀的"、approving"贊成的，滿意的"之意，故正確答案為A．

點(diǎn)評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．