1.不定代詞可作主語,當作主語時,要明確這一不定代詞究竟是單數(shù)還是復數(shù),以確定它和謂語動詞在人和數(shù)的一致。
第二節(jié) 實戰(zhàn)演練
(三)it作形式主語和形式賓語
it作形式主語和形式賓語是為了使句子平衡,而把真正的主語或賓語置于句子后面。例如: I found it interesting to study English.
It is of great help to master a foreign language.
3. 代替有生命但不能或不必分陰陽性的東西(包括嬰兒)。例如:
The baby cried because it was hungry.
Someone is knocking at the door, who can it be?
(二)用作強調(diào)句,構(gòu)成強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)
句型結(jié)構(gòu):It is(was)+強調(diào)部分+that。例如:
It was last night that they left for H.K.
It was I that(who) his sister in the park yesterday.
It rains continually in the south in June. It is a half hour’s walk to the factory.
2. 指代上文中提到的無生命的東西。例如:
Where is my notebook? It was here just now.
There is air all around us, but we cannot see it.
不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫不定代詞。常見的不定代詞有all, both, each, every, some, any, many, much, (a)few, (a)little, one, ones, either, neither, other, another, no, none以及含有some-, any-, no-等的合成代詞(如:anybody, something, no one)。這些不定代詞大多可以代替名詞,在句子中作主語、賓語、表語或定語。但none和由some, any, no, every 構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞(如somebody等)只能作主語、賓語和表語。而every和no只能作定語。
3.Whose 用于明確所有者。whom 在口語中,多為 who 代替。
2.Which 指的物有范圍限制,側(cè)重于哪一個;What 指的物無范圍限制,側(cè)重于種類。
1.Who 用于詢問別人姓名,身份或關(guān)系。What 用于詢問別人職業(yè)。
(二)指示代詞的用法
(1)this、 that、 these、 those 在句子中作主語、賓語、表語或定語。
(2)such 一般在句子中作定語或主語。such “這樣的”,such a 這樣一個,such as 像…這樣的。
(3)same 可作定語、表語、主語和賓語。
例如:
1) That is our English teacher. (主語)
2) This storybook is thicker than that one. (定語)
3) I prefer this (these) to that (those). (賓語)
4) What he likes best is this/that. (表語)
5) I have never read such an exciting book. (定語)
6) I like such sports as basketball and swimming. (定語)
7) Such is our trip plan. (主語) (指上文提到過或剛說過的內(nèi)容)。
8) She wants the book and I want the same. (賓語)
9) We were born on the same day. (定語)
·注意:
1) this、 these 指空間上離說話人較近的人或物,可以與 here 連用;that、 those 指空間上離說話人較遠的人或物,可以與 there 連用。
2) 打電話或其他場合,本人這一方用 this 或 these. 反之用 that 或 those。
3) such 作定語時,如名詞前有不定冠詞,應把such置于不定冠詞之前 。
4) 在 same 之前必須加冠詞 the 。
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