1.(　　 ) One of the sides of the board should be painted

　　 yellow, and ____. (2000北京)

　　 A. the other is white　 B. another white

　　 C. the other white　　 D. another is white

　　 [解析]選C　 不能選A。white在句子中做主語的補(bǔ)

語。"The other sides should be painted white." 這是完整的

句子。

6. It looked as if the creature had moved.

　 塑像好像動了。

　 as if / though 仿佛，好像(引導(dǎo)表語／方式狀語從句，

　 表示與事實(shí)相反的情況時用虛擬語氣)

　 (1) 引導(dǎo)表語狀語從句

　 It looks as if it is going to rain.

　 看來好像要下雨了。(真的要下雨了。)

　 (2) 引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句

　 He talks as if he were / was an expert.

　 他說話的樣子好像是個專家似的。(事實(shí)上他不是

　 專家。)

　 (3) As if / though 引導(dǎo)的從句中若用虛擬語氣，其謂

　 語動詞分別是：

　 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：did / were (口語中單數(shù)也用

　 was)

　 when a pencil is partly in water, it looks as if it were /

　 was broken.

　 表示與過去事實(shí)相反：had done

　 He is talking as though he had been to Beijing many

　 times.

　 表示與將來事實(shí)相反：could / would do

　 He acts as if he would fly to the moon tomorrow.

　　 ☆精典題例☆

5. He was just about to say something when Peter turned

　 around.

　 他正要說些什么，這時皮特轉(zhuǎn)過身來。

　 be about to do sth. 正要做某事，表示該動作馬上就

　 要進(jìn)行，不能與時間狀語連用。

　 [誤] He was about to leave in five minutes.

　 [正] He would leave in five minutes.

　 他5分鐘后離開。

　 when 在此表示“正在這時 / 那時，突然”(具體用法詳

　 見Chapter 1“詞匯短語”)

4. If only they could find a way to get to the room,

　 behind the wall.

　 要是他們能找到辦法到達(dá)墻后面的房間，那就好了。

　 if only雖然是從屬連詞，但它引導(dǎo)的從句卻能單獨(dú)

　 成句，且能表達(dá)完整的意思：要是……該多好 --

　 種不能實(shí)現(xiàn)或難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。它相當(dāng)于wish，但

　 語氣更強(qiáng)。句后用句號或感嘆號皆可。

　 ① 表示已過去了的不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，常含有后悔、惋

　 惜之意。謂語動詞應(yīng)使用had done形式。

　 If only I had taken his advice!

　 要是我聽從了他的建議就好了!

　 ② 表達(dá)現(xiàn)在不可實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，謂語動詞用一般過去

　 時。

　 If only I could swim!

　 我要是會游泳該多好!

　 ③ 表達(dá)將來難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，謂語動詞用would /

　 could + 動詞原形或一般過去時。

　 If only she would help me!

　 要是她能幫我就好了。

　 [注意] if only 除以上用法外，它還相當(dāng)于if，引導(dǎo)條

　 件狀語從句。

　 ④ If only he gets the job, it will make a great deal of

　 difference.

　 要是他能得到這份工作，情況就大不一樣了。

　 [辨析] if only與only if

　 if only 多用于虛擬語氣；only if 多用于陳述語氣，

　 only 修飾 if，表示惟一的條件。

3. You want t0 find a good song to dance to.

　 你想找一首好歌來伴舞。

　 ① to dance to 是不定式作定語，修飾名詞song，并與

　 之形成動賓關(guān)系，這時的不定式應(yīng)為及物性的，若動

　 詞不及物，則應(yīng)加上適當(dāng)介詞。如：

　 New York is a nice place to visit.

紐約是個游覽的好地方。

Could you find me a chair to sit on?

能給我找把椅子坐嗎?

② dance to中的to表示“伴隨，按照”。如

He likes to sing to the piano.

他喜歡鋼琴伴唱。

Please add salt to taste.

請按口味加鹽。

The map was drawn to scale.

這地圖是按比例繪制的。

2. You want to buy a CD for your friend's birthday but

　 you are not sure what to buy.

　 你想為朋友的生日買一張CD，但你拿不準(zhǔn)該買什

　 么。

　 be sure 后可接不定式及從句。如：

　 John is sure to pass the exam.

　 約翰一定能通過考試。

　 He is sure that the party will be a success.

　 他確信這次聚會能獲得成功。

　 [注意] be sure 后接名詞、代詞、動名詞時需用介詞of

　 或about。如：

　 You may be sure of his honesty.

　 你可以確信他是誠實(shí)的。

　 I think he lives at No. 23 West st., but I'm not sure

　 about the number.

　 我認(rèn)為他住在西大街23號，但對這個號碼我不能肯

　 定。

　 [比較]be sure to do 與 be sure of doing

　　 John is sure to pass the exam.

　　 說話人確信約翰能通過考試。

　　 John is sure 0f passing the exam.

　　 約翰本人確信自己能通過考試。

　 [提示] be not sure后常用whether / if, what, when,

　 where 等引起從句，有時也用that。如：

　 I'm not sure whether / if he will come to see me.

　 我拿不準(zhǔn)他是否會來看我。

　 I was not sure what I ought to do.

　 我拿不準(zhǔn)該干什么。

　 [辨析] sure 與 certain

　 certain 一般可與sure換用，但在It is certain that...

　 中不用sure。如：

　 It is certain that our team will win the game.

　 我們隊肯定能贏得這場比賽。(不用sure)

3. because of，owing to，due to，on account of，as a (the)

　 result of，thanks to

　 (1) because of，owing to，on account of 意為“因?yàn)�，�?/p>

　 于”，在句中一般作狀語，可置于句首或句未。

　 Because of / Owing to / On account of my absence,

　 they had to put off the classmeeting till next week.

　 由于我不在，他們只好將班會推遲到下個星期。

　 The train arrived late because of / owing to / on account

　 of a heavy snow.

　 由于一場大雪火車來遲了。

　 (2) due to 意為“由于”，它引導(dǎo)的短語在句中一般用

　 作表語和定語。但在很多場合，可與 owing to 通用，

　 作狀語，這一用法在現(xiàn)今英美語中也很流行，但不如

　 owing to那么嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)罷了。

　 He was injured due to (=owing to) a car accident,

　 他由于一起汽車事故受了傷。

　 His failure is due to the fact that he lacks experience.

　 由于缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)導(dǎo)致了他的失敗。

　 (3) as a (the) result of意為“由于……的結(jié)果”，一般

　 用作狀語。

　 As a result of the war the lives of many people were

　 lost.

　 由于戰(zhàn)爭的緣故許多人喪了命。

　 (4)thanks to 這一短語介詞，含有“幸虧、多虧、虧得、

-- Do you know bow much the room costs?

你知道這房間花費(fèi)多少嗎?

-- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

知道。／不知道。

-- How much do you think the room costs?

你認(rèn)為這房間會花多少錢?

-- I think the room costs 300 dollars.

我認(rèn)為會花300美元。

2. pick，pick up，pick out

　 (1) pick vt. & vi. 采，摘；挑選

　 They showed us how to pick tea leaves.

　 他們教我們怎樣采茶葉。

　 The students have to pick three courses from a list of

　　 ten.

　　 學(xué)生必須從十門課程中選修三門。

　　 (2) pick up的含義很多，最基本的含義是“拾起”、“拿

　　 起”，除此之外常見的還有“(在無線電里)收聽到”，

　　 “(車輛等)中途搭人。中途帶貨”，“(偶然地，無意

　　 地)獲得(收益，知識等)，學(xué)會(語言)”等。

　　 Please pick up aIl the pieces of paper.

　　 請把所有的紙片都撿起來。

　　 My radio can pick up VOA very clearly.

　　 我的收音機(jī)收聽“美國之音”很清楚。

　　 The train stopped to pick up passengers.

　　 火車停下來搭乘客。

　　 He picked up some knowledge of physics.

　　 他偶然獲得了一些物理知識。

　　 (3) pick out 意思是“挑出；選出”、“分辨”

　　 We decided to pick out the best players to join in the

　　 game.

　　 我們決定挑出最好的選手來參加比賽。

　　 [注意] 這兩個短語中 up 和 out 都是副詞，如果賓語

　　 是人稱代詞，應(yīng)該放在副詞之前。

　　 You dmpped the book on the floor; now you should

　 　pick it up.

　　 你把書扔到地上了，現(xiàn)在你該把它拾起來。

1. contain，include

　 (1) contain: have or hold (sth.) with in itself 包含，容

　 納；含有，強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容或含量，可用于表示包括所含之

　 物的全部和部分。

　 This book contains forty interesting pictures.

　 這本書里有四十幅有趣的圖畫。

　 (2)include: have (sb. / sth.) as part of a whole 包括，

　 包含。用于表示所包含之物中的一部分。

　 The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.

　 旅游項目中包括參觀科技博物館。

5. During the break she began to sing an English song，

　 and we all ____.

　　 A. take part in　　 B. joined

　　 C. joined in　　 D. together

　　 ☆詞語比較☆