6. She might have been hit by a car.

　　 她也許被車撞了。

　　 “情態(tài)動詞 + 完成時態(tài)”用來表示對某一事實的假設

　　 或推測，但不同的情態(tài)動詞表示不同的程度，肯定

　　 的程度如下：

　　 must have done (肯定已經做了)

　　 may have done (可能已經做了)

　　 codd have done (可能已經做了)

　　 might have done (也許已經做了)

　　 [注意] (1) 這種用法通常不用must表示否定或疑

　　 問，而用can表示。

　　 He can't have finished the work.

　　 他肯定沒有完成這項工作。

　　 Can you have informed her of the time for the meeting?

　　 你肯定通知她開會時間了嗎?

　　 (2) shouId have done 表示后悔或責備，意為“本應該

　　 做了(但事實上沒做)”，可根據語境判斷。

　　 You are late again. You ____ ten minutes earlier．

　　 A. must have come　　 B. should have come

　　 C. could have come　　 D. might have come

　　 [解析]選B　 該句表示一種責備，意為“你又遲到

了，你本該早十分鐘就到了”，其他選項均表示推測。

5. As with most diseases and disasters, the young suffer

　 the most.

　 就像大多數(shù)的疾病和災難一樣，最遭罪的是年輕人。

　 as with...正如……一樣，完整的句子為"As it is the

　 same with..."。

　 As with drawing a picture, you should be patient and

　　 careful in doing this job.

　　 正如畫畫一樣，在做這件事時，你應該耐心細致。

4. Many hospitals recommend that we use the letters DR

　 ABC to remember what to do when we have to think

　 fast.

　 很多醫(yī)院建議當我們需要快速思考的時候，我們應

　 該用DR ABC來提醒我們該做什么。

　 當 remmmend 后接賓語從句時，從句中通常用

　 should來表示虛擬語氣，should還可以省略。類似的

　 動詞還有suggest，advise，demand，etc.

　 The teacher recommended that we (should) read the

　 novel.

　 老師勸我們讀那本小說。

　 The professor advised his little brother (should) study

　 harder when he was still young.

　 那位教授建議他的弟弟趁年輕應該努力學習。

3. There were days when I wished that I were dead so

　 that I wouldn't have to feel so sick.

　 那些日子我多么希望我已經死了，這樣我就沒有必

　 要忍受那么多的痛苦。

　 when 這兒接一個定語從句，先行詞是days。I wish

　 后接虛擬語氣；so that用了一個目的狀語從句。

2. I wish that she were here with Ine and that we weren't

　 sick.

　 我但愿她和我呆在這兒，但愿我們都健康。

　 該句wish接兩個that引導的從句。wish接that引

　 導的從句通常用虛擬語氣，表示強烈的愿望或現(xiàn)實

　 與事實相反，通過從句中的動詞過去某種時態(tài)來表

　 現(xiàn)。

　 I wish your prngram would conic truth as soon as

　 possible.

　 我希望你的計劃能盡快實現(xiàn)。

　 How she wish that we had told her the news

　 yesterday! (In fact we didn't tell her yesterday.)

　 她多么希望我們昨天告訴她這個消息了!

1. I can became infected with HIV by swimming...

　 我可能通過游泳感染了 HIV (人體免疫缺損病毒)

　 ... by doing sth. “通過／以……(方式)”是個常見句

　 型，在第7、8單元中大量使用，如：People transmit

　 HIV by having unprotected sex, by receiving infected

　 ...By staying Calm we will be...We can also prepare

　 for an emergency by learning more about...We can do

　 a lot...by simply asking...等必須熟練掌握。又如：

　 What do you mean by saying so?

　 你這么說什么意思?

　 The little girl made a living by selling newspapers.

　 小女孩以賣報為生。

6. still, quiet, silent

　 (1) still用作形容詞，意為“靜止的，不動的，平靜的”。

keep (stay) still 保持不動

lie (stand) still 躺著(站著)不動

a still lake / evening

平靜的湖／寂靜的夜晚

　 用作副詞，表示“還，仍舊”，可以修飾形容詞、副詞比

　 較級。

　 be still busy 仍然很忙

　 win still greater success 取得更火成功

　 (2) still 側重“一動不動”，quiet指“安靜”，無動作，無

　 聲音，無騷亂，其反義詞是noisy (吵鬧的、喧嘩的)；

　 silent 指不出聲，不說話。

　 對比：sit still 坐著不動

　 Be quiet, and the class will begin.

　 請安靜，馬上就要開始上課了。

　 Hearing the answer, he was silent for a minute or

　 more.

　 聽了回答之后，他沉默了一兩分鐘。

　　 ☆句型詮釋☆

5. reason, cause, excuse, grounds

　 (1) reason：理由，原因；指決定做某一件事或采取某

　 一行動的理由，由此而得出結論或解釋。

　 The reason for my absence was that l was ill. 這兒不能

　 用because引導。

　 (2) cause：起因；指引起某種后果的起因。

　 The cause of the accident was the fact that he was

　 driving too fast.

　 事故的起因是他開得太快。

　 (3) excuse：辯解，借口；指為某一行為所做的解釋，可

　 以是真的，也可以是托詞。

　 Too much work is no excuse for not studying.

　 工作太多不能成為不學習的理由。

　 (4) grounds：根據，理由；有根據的理由。

　 We have good grounds t。believe his story.

　 我們有充分的理由相信他的話。

4. die of, die from, die for, die in

　 (1) die of 意為“因……而死”，原因多為來自內部、

　 情感、凍餓和生病等，如：die of hunger (a fever,

　 thirst, sorrow, old age) 死于饑餓 (發(fā)燒、渴、憂傷、年

　 老)

　 (2) die from 意為“由于……而死”，原因通常來自外

部，如：die from wound (lack of food, an accident, over

work, drinking, pollution)死于外傷(缺乏食物、事

故、過度勞動、飲酒、污染)

(3) die for 意為了“為……而死”，如：

　 The soldier died for his motherland. 他為祖舊捐軀。

　 (4) die in 意為“死于……”，如：die in battle (戰(zhàn)死)，

　 die greatly in debt (死于負債累累)，die in office (死

　 于任職期間)

3. for the moment, for a moment

　 for the moment 意為“目前，暫時”，for a moment意

　 為“(過)片刻，一會兒”。

　 They don't plan to move for the moment.

　 他們目前不想搬走。

　 I will stay here for a moment. 我要在這里呆會兒。