這些狀語(yǔ)可以是狀語(yǔ)從句，介詞短語(yǔ)，或介詞短語(yǔ)中的名詞后再跟有定語(yǔ)從句等。如：

It was because it was raining hard that I was late for school.

It was with great joy that she accepted the birthday gift I bought for her.

[真題回顧2] It was with great joy________ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (2004福建)

A．because　　　　 B．which　　　　 C．since　　　　 D．that

解析：強(qiáng)調(diào)作方式狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)，故選D。

如果對(duì)not…until句型進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，常將not和until短語(yǔ)或引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間從句放在一起，置于It is(was)…that之間,其后部分用肯定形式，如：

It was not until yesterday that I knew this.

[真題回顧3] It wasn’t until nearly a month later 　　　　　I received the manager’s reply. (2005全國(guó)卷一二)

　　　 　 A．since 　　　　　　　 B．when 　　　　　　 C．a(chǎn)s 　　　　　　　　　　 D．that

解析：句意是“直到近一個(gè)月后我才得到經(jīng)理的答復(fù)�！睆�(qiáng)調(diào)not…until句型，要將not提前，和until一起放到被強(qiáng)調(diào)的位置。故選D。

注意：強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，不用when和where。

句子主語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)置復(fù)雜，有跟不定式作定語(yǔ)的，有跟定語(yǔ)從句作定語(yǔ)的，還有用主語(yǔ)從句、并列結(jié)構(gòu)或同位語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的，這些會(huì)干擾同學(xué)們的解題思維，但只要我們抓住了句子的主干，問(wèn)題也就迎刃而解了。如：

It was what he did that made his parents upset.

It is I who am responsible for this case.　

注意：強(qiáng)調(diào)某人時(shí)，可以用who代替that, that(who)后部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分的主語(yǔ)部分在語(yǔ)法上保持一致。

[真題回顧1]It is what you do rather than what you say _______ matters. (2005天津)

　 A. that　　　 B. what　　　 C. which　　　　 D. this

解析：題意是“是你所做的而不是你所說(shuō)的起作用”，強(qiáng)調(diào)句子主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是并列連詞rather than 連接的兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)，故選A。

1．　定義：用作主語(yǔ)的從句叫做主語(yǔ)從句。 2．　構(gòu)成：關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句 3．　引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類(lèi)： (1)　　從屬連詞that。 如：That they were sisters was unknown to anyone.　　　　　　　　　　　　 她們是姐妹這件事好象沒(méi)任何人知道。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (2)　　從屬連詞whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.　他是否會(huì)來(lái)這里還不清楚。 (3)　　連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 連接副詞 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known.　她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 這事怎樣發(fā)生的，誰(shuí)也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome.　不論誰(shuí)來(lái)都?xì)g迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。

解釋?zhuān)?1．　主語(yǔ)從句能用it作形式上的主語(yǔ)。常以it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型有： A.　　　It+be+形容詞(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that從句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)她考試成績(jī)會(huì)很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告訴她了。 B.　　　It+be+名詞詞組(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that從句。如：It’s a pity that we can’t go.　 很遺憾我們不能去。 It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我們沒(méi)贏這場(chǎng)比賽真意外。 C.　　　　It+be+過(guò)去分詞(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that從句。如： It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 據(jù)說(shuō)格林先生已經(jīng)到了北京。 It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 據(jù)報(bào)道中國(guó)又成功地發(fā)射了一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星。 D. It+seem, happen等不及物動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)+that從句。如： It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不來(lái)參加晚會(huì)。 It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。 E.　　　It+doesn’t matter+連接代詞或連接副詞引起的主語(yǔ)從句。如： It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否來(lái)這無(wú)關(guān)緊要。 F.　　　當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在疑問(wèn)句中時(shí)，要以it作形式主語(yǔ)，而把主語(yǔ)從句后置。如：Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科學(xué)家將給我們作報(bào)告是真的嗎？ Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他們明天不來(lái)很要緊嗎？ 　2．注意連接代詞whoever, whatever, whichever等引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的含義 Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 來(lái)的人將受到歡迎。 Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that)　他所做的事情是正確的。 　

第9講 強(qiáng)調(diào)句

在課堂教學(xué)中，英語(yǔ)教師都按照下面的句型去施教。即：It is / was …that /who…用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)句子中除謂語(yǔ)以外的任何句子成分。例如：

I bought this car in that shop last month.(原始句)

It was I who/that bought this car in that shop last month. (強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))

It was this car that I bought in that shop last month.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))

It was in that shop that I bought this car last month.(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))

It was last month that I bought this car in that shop.(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))

　 就這樣，再舉幾個(gè)例子，讓學(xué)生練練，該語(yǔ)法講解到此結(jié)束�？墒�，高考并不單純考查這樣一些基本的句式，下面幾點(diǎn)還有待于老師去延伸講解。

先請(qǐng)看下面的兩個(gè)句子：

(1) It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of China.

(2) It was from the early 1990s that scientists started to develop new techniques to increase agricultural production without harming the environment.

以上兩個(gè)句子都是It is(was)…that…結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句，在該句型中it沒(méi)有任何意義，常用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。考查時(shí)常把被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化，即名詞或代詞后常跟有定語(yǔ)從句、動(dòng)詞不定式或同位語(yǔ)對(duì)名詞起修飾，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，同學(xué)們常把它和其它相似結(jié)構(gòu)混淆，難以掌握。近幾年的高考對(duì)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的考查常從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行，現(xiàn)歸納如下，希望同學(xué)們能突破這個(gè)難點(diǎn)。

4.　　 These were such interesting books that we kept reading until the end of the class. These were so interesting books that we kept reading until the end of the class.

第8講 主語(yǔ)從句

3.　　 The chef cooked such nice food that we ate up at the end of the dinner. The chef cooked so nice food that we ate up at the end of the dinner.

2.　　 She is such a nice teacher that all of us love her. She is a so nice teacher that all of us love her.

1.　　 He ran so fast that we couldn’t keep up with him. She spoke English so clearly that all of us could understand her.

1.Cherry was walking quickly so that (in order that) she could arrived at the cinema in time. 2.John sent the mail by air in order that (so that) it might arrive a little early.

注意：通常情況下，so that 等于in order that.

H 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：

連接結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有：so…that, such…that.

1.You should do your homework as Tom did. 2.Jerry was lying on the bed as if (as though) he was very tired.

注意：通常情況下，as if等于as though.

G 目的狀語(yǔ)從句:

連接目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有：so that, in order that.

1.Although (though) I gave him some advice, he didn’t take them. 2.John continued to work hard even if (even though) he felt sick. 3.Whatever you do, I will support you.==No matter what you do, I will support you. 4.Whoever you may be, I will not let you in. ===No matter who you may be, I will not let you in. 5.However difficult it may be, we will overcome it. === No matter how difficult it may be, we will overcome it.

注意：一般情況下，although等于though, even if等于even though, however等于no matter how,　wh-ever等于 no matter　wh-．

F 方式狀語(yǔ)從句:

連接方式狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有：as, as if, as though.