On December 18, 1620, passengers on the British ship Mayflower came on shore at modern – day Plymouth, Massachusetts, to begin their new settlement, Plymouth Colony.
The famous Mayflower story began in 1606, when a group of reform-minded people in England built their own church, which was separate from the state – supported Church of England. Because of this, they were forced to leave the country and settle in Netherlands. After 12 years of struggling to adapt and make a hard living, the group sought financial backing from some London merchants to set up a colony in America.
On Septmeber 6,1620, one hundred and two passengers – called Pilgrims (朝圣者) by William Bradford, a passenger who would become the first governor of Plymouth Colony – crowded on the Mayflower to begin the long, hard journey to a new life in the New World. On November 11,1620, the Mayflower landed at Provincetown Harbor. Before going on shore, 41 male passengers – heads of families, single men and three male servants – signed the famous Mayflower contract, agreeing to form a government chosen by common election and to obey all laws made for the good of the colony.
Over the next month, several small leading teams were sent on shore to collect firewood and hunt for a good place to build a settlement. Around December 10, one of these groups found a harbor they liked on the western side of Cape Cod Bay. They returned to the Mayflower to tell the other passengers, but bad weather prevented then reaching the harbor until December 16. Two days later, the first group of Pilgrims went on shore. After exploring the region, the settlers chose a cleared area once controlled by members of a local Native American tribe (部落). The tribe had abandoned the village several years earlier, after an outbreak of European disease.
That winter of 1620 – 1621 was really hard, as the Pilgrims struggled to build their settlement, find food and take care of the sick. By spring, 50 of the original 102 Mayflower passengers were dead. The remaining settlers made contact with returning members of the Native American tribe and in March they signed a peace treaty (條約) with the tribe chief. In the spring time, helped by the locals, the Pilgrims were able to plant crops – especially corn and beans – that were necessary to their survival.
On April 5,1621, the Mayflower and its crew left Plymouth to return to England. Over the next several decades, more and more settlers made the voyage across the Atlantic to Plymouth, which gradually grew into a successful shipbuilding and fishing center.
1．A group of English were forced to leave their country in 1606 because          .
A．their belief was different from the official Church
B．they built their own churches in a foreign country
C．they lacked financial support from the government
D．they were ambitious to build the colony in America
2．How many days did the sea journey to Provincetown Harbor last?          .
A．103   B．96     C．66     D．35
3．Several leading teams were sent in order to        .
A．hunt for food for the passengers     B．control local Native Americans
C．build a settlement for the passengers      D．explore the region for their settlement
4．From the passage we know that         between 1620 – 1621.
A．52 Mayflower passengers died of some illnesses   
B．Pilgrims had a good relationship with the locals
C．Plymouth turned a main center for shipbuilding   
D．Pilgrims tried to plant corns and beans in winter

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假設(shè)你是林華，福建省某中學(xué)高三學(xué)生，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下學(xué)生會(huì)倡議書的內(nèi)容給某英文報(bào)社寫一封信，敘述擬開展活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容并發(fā)表自己的看法。

注意：1.信的開頭語(yǔ)已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；

2.可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，但不要逐條翻譯；

3.詞數(shù)100左右；

4.參考詞匯：增進(jìn)promote;鼓勵(lì)條約encourage economy

Dear editor,

I am a student of Senior Three in a middle school in Fujian Province.___________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Lin Hua

Language is a major problem for the European Union(EU) . The argument or treaty(條約) which created the organization that finally became the EU, the Treaty of Rome, stated that each country’s language must be treated equally. The original six countries had only three languages between them: French, German and Dutch/Flemish. However, there are now 15 countries in the EU, with a total of 12 languages. EU documents（文件）must be translated into all these languages, and at official meetings the speeches must be translated into all the languages by interpreters (口譯者).

   All this translating is very expensive and time-consuming（花時(shí)間的）. It is said that nearly half of all employees of the EU are involved in translating documents and speeches and nearly half of the EU’s administrative（管理方面的）costs are spent on this task. In the near future it is probable that several more countries, most of them having their own languages, will join the EU, thus making the situation even worse.

   The problem is just cost; there are practical difficulties as well. With 12 languages, there are 132 possible “translation situations” that might be needed. It is often difficult to find people in the right place at the right time who can translate from, for example, Danish into Greek, or Dutch into Portuguese, at a high professional standard.

   As a matter of fact, the problem has been less serious by the use of English in many contacts between EU officials, since almost all of them speak some English. However, any move to reduce the number of official languages (perhaps to four or five) would be a blow to the pride of the smaller countries. Another commonly suggested solution is to make English the official language for all EU business. However, this is strongly resisted by powerful member countries like France and Germany.

1. What’s the main purpose of this passage? _____________.

A. To give a solution to a problem.

B. To find out a problem and show how serious it is.

C. To criticize（批評(píng)）the European Union for inefficiency.

D. To show that the problem cannot be solved.

2. According to the writer, the use of English in contacts among EU officials has_________.

A. angered the officials who don’t speak English.

B. reduced the number of official languages.

C. lessened the effect of the problem.

D. been opposed（反對(duì)）by powerful member countries.

3.The writer mentions “Danish into Greek” as an example of ______________.

A . a situation that might be difficult to deal with.             B. a situation that occurs often.

C. one of the 12 situations that requires an interpreter.  D. languages easily being interpreted.

4.The writer suggests that if the number of official languages was reduced, _____________.

A. the EU would not know which official languages to choose.

B. countries whose languages were not used officially would be unhappy.

C. only languages which are easy to translate would be used officially.

D. the smaller member countries would be pleased.

E
Language is a major problem for the European Union(EU)．The agreement or treaty (條約) which created the organization that eventually became the EU, the Treaty of Rome，stated that each country’s language must be treated equally．The original six countries had only three languages between them：French, German and Dutch . However, there are now 15 countries in the EU, with a total of 12 languages. EU documents must be translated into all these languages，and at official meetings, the speeches must be translated into all the languages by interpreters.
All this translating is very expensive and time consuming . It is said that nearly half of all employees of the EU are engaged in translating documents and speeches, and nearly half of the EU’s administrative (管理方面的) costs are spent on this task．In the near future it is probable that several more countries, most of them having their own languages, will join the EU, thus making the situation even worse.
The problem is not just cost：there are practical difficulties as well. With 12 languages，there are 132 possible “translation situations” that might be needed．It is often difficult to find people in the right place at the right time who can translate from (for example) Danish into Greek, or Dutch into Portuguese, at a high professional standard.
In practice, the problem has been made less severe by the use of English in many contacts between EU officials，since almost all of them speak some English. However, any action to reduce the number of official languages (perhaps to four or five) would be a blow to the pride of the smaller countries. Another commonly suggested solution is to make English the official language for all EU business. However, this is strongly resisted by powerful member countries like France and Germany.
72．What’s the main purpose of this passage?
A．To give a solution to a problem．
B．To find out a problem and show how severe it is
C．To criticize the European Union for inefficiency．
D．To show that the problem cannot be solved．
73．According to the writer，the use of English in contacts among EU officials has _________.
A．a(chǎn)ngered the officials who don’t speak English
B．increased the number of official languages
C．reduced the effect of the problem
D．been supported by powerful member countries
74．The writer mentions “Danish into Greek” as an example of ________.
A．a(chǎn) situation that might be difficult to deal with
B．a(chǎn) situation that occurs at times
C．one of the 12 situations that requires an interpreter
D．languages easily being interpreted
75．The writer suggests that if the number of official languages were reduced, ________
A．the EU would not know which official languages to choose
B．countries whose languages were not used officially would be unhappy
C．only easy languages would be used officially   
D．the smaller member countries would be pleased

B
Almost 200 countries met for two weeks in Copenhagen, Denmark at a United Nations conference on climate change. It was due to conclude a deal designed to set a carbon cutting framework to cover 2012-2050. In the end, only five of them reached an agreement: the United States, China, India, Brazil and South Africa.
President Obama praised the agreement last Friday. He said, “Many people are disappointed in the agreement, but the compromise is better than nothing.”
The voluntary agreement, known as the Copenhagen Accord, urges major polluters to make deeper cuts in the emission(排放) of greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gas emissions, such as carbon dioxide, are partly created by burning oil and coal for transportation and electricity.
The agreement sets targets to prevent the Earth’s average temperature from rising more than two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. And the plan calls for 100 billion dollars a year in aid to poor nations to deal with climate change. This would start in 2020.
But the agreement is not legally binding(約束). It fails to set detailed targets for cuts in carbon emissions. And it failed to earn the support of all the nations at the talks.
India’s environment minister praised the united position taken by India, China, Brazil and South Africa. He said it permitted them to avoid the legally binding targets and international supervision proposed by developed countries.
India has promised to cut emissions by at least twenty percent but they say rich nations created the problem, so they should take most of the responsibility for reducing greenhouse gases.
China rejected accusations that it was responsible for the results at Copenhagen. A Foreign Ministry spokeswoman said developed countries didn’t perform well at the talks. She said China has taken its own measures to fight climate change and supports pressing ahead with international cooperation.
China and other large developing countries have accused rich nations of failing to offer big enough cuts in their own emissions. They also say wealthy nations did not offer enough money and technology to help poor countries deal with climate change.
In Europe, politicians and environmentalists expressed deep disappointment that world leaders failed to reach a stronger agreement. United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon says the Copenhagen Accord is only a beginning, and that he will work with world leaders to reach a legally binding treaty(條約) in the coming months.
46. What’s the main purpose of the Copenhagen conference?
A. To sign the Copenhagen Accord.
B. To reach a legally binding agreement on cutting carbon emissions.
C. To discuss measures of controlling the world climate change.
D. To prevent the Earth’s average temperature from rising.
47. Which is true about the agreement, the Copenhagen Accord?
A. It will collect $ 100 billion to help poor countries to deal with climate change.
B. It has earned the support of all the nations at the conference.
C. It has set detailed targets for big enough cuts in carbon emissions.
D. It is far from a satisfactory agreement, which should be legally binding.
48. We can infer from the passage that ______.
A. the Copenhagen conference has achieved most of its designed goals
B. a stronger agreement with legal effect will soon be reached
C. big differences still remain between developing and developed countries.
D. developed countries won’t make cuts in the emission of greenhouse gases
49. Which of the following is NOT China’s attitude towards the issue of climate change?
A. China should be responsible for the result of the world climate change.
B. Rich countries should offer more money to help poor ones deal with climate change.
C. China supports pressing ahead with international cooperation to fight climate change.
D. Major polluters should make deeper cuts in the emission of greenhouse gases.
50. By saying “the Copenhagen Accord is only a beginning”, Ban Ki-moon implies that ______.
A. there is still a long way to go   
B. there is little hope to realize the goal
C. too little is achieved at this conference
D. he is disappointed with the world leaders