初中英語中考總復習大全

目  錄

第一篇 詞法... 2

一、 名詞... 2

二、 冠詞?... 11

三、 代詞?... 17

四、 形容詞、副詞?... 28

五、 連 詞... 46

六、 介 詞?... 54

七、 數(shù) 詞... 69

八、 動 詞... 74

第二篇 句法... 97

四、 完形填空閱讀... 129

[析] 除了在強調第一、第二、第三等場合中有時還可見firstly一詞外,這個詞已不多見,而均被first取代。first還有"首先"、"首次"、"第一次"之意。

[誤] -What grade are you in??-I'm in grade 1. ?

試題詳情

[正] -What grade are you in??-I'm in Gread 1. ?

[析] 當泛指那一年級時grade的頭一個字母小寫,當有具體數(shù)字時則要大寫。?

had better ?

[誤] You have better hurry.?

[正] You had better hurry.?

[析] had better只用過去時had,不要誤用成現(xiàn)在時have。?

[誤] You hadn't better worry.?

[正] You had better not worry.?

[析] had better后面加不帶to的不定式,其否定式是"had better not+動詞原形"。?

half ?

[誤] I had driven about half mile.?

[正] I had driven about half a mile.?

[析] "半小時"有兩種講法half an hour, a half hour. 而"一個半小時"應講an hour and a half或one and a half hours."半天"應講half a day,"半鎊"應講half a pound.但要盡量避免使用half a year,而應用six months;不用half a month, 而用two weeks或fifteen days.?

[誤] Half us could go to the park.?

[正] Half of us could go to the park.?

[析] half用于名詞前可用of結構也可不用of結構,但用于代詞前則必須加of。如:More than half (of) my classmates are boys.?

[誤] One and half apples are left on the table.?

[正] One and half apples is left on the table.?

[析] 一個半one and half后面的名詞要用復數(shù),而句中的謂語動詞卻要用單數(shù)。?

[誤] Half of the work are done.?

[正] Half of the work is done.?

[誤] Half of the six apples is red.?

[正] Half of the six apples are red.?

[析] "half of+名詞"這一結構后面的謂語動詞應與of后面的名詞相一致,如為不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),要用單數(shù)謂語動詞;而復數(shù)名詞后面要加與復數(shù)相對應的謂語動詞。?

hand ?

[誤] He shook hand with his teacher.?

[正] He shook hands with his teacher.?

[析] 與某人握手要用shake hands. 與hand有關的詞組中有很多要用復數(shù)形式,如:change hands (轉手、易手),in the hands of (由……控制),join hands (與人合作)。?

happen ?

[誤] What was happened to you last month??

[正] What happened to you last month??

[誤] An accident was happened in this street last night.?

[正] An accident happened in this street last night.?

[析] 在英語中不及物動詞沒有被動態(tài),作為"發(fā)生"講的happen,take place和break out都不具有被動態(tài)。happen to常用來表達一件偶然發(fā)生的事,如:If you happen to meet my sister please ask her to call me.?

hard ?

[誤] I have to study hardly.?

[正] I have to study hard.?

[析] hard是形容詞,如:a hard work,但它同時也是副詞。hardly是hard的又一副詞形式,但詞意截然不同,意為"幾乎不"。?

[誤] I had my leg broken last term, so I couldn't hardly study at all.?

[正] I had my leg broken last term so I hardly studied at all.?

[析] hardly意為"否定",所以不要再加否定詞語了,如果hardly用于句首則應采用倒裝語序,如:Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.?

have ?

[誤] I had my boy do his homework from morning till noon.?

[正] I had my boy doing his homework from morning till noon.?

[析] 用have somebody do something還是doing something要取決句子的意思和句中的時間狀語。?

[誤] I have my bike to repair.?

[正] I have my bike repaired.?

[析] have something done這一句型是讓某事被別人去作,請看下面兩句意義的不同:I have repaired my bike. (我自己已修好了自行車。)而I have my bike repaired.(我把車推出去讓別人修理了。)?

[誤] Could you give me some money if you have.?

[正] Could you give me some money if you have any.?

[析] "如果你有的話"一句譯為英文應加上any一詞,如:I want some books if there is any.?

headache ?

[誤] I've got headache.?

[正] I've got a headache.?

[析] Headache是一個規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞,所以可以講:My mother often gets headaches. 但是"牙痛"toothache,"肚子痛"stomache?ache等卻都可以用作不可數(shù)名詞,如:I've got toothache. 但也可用作可數(shù)名詞。?

hear ?

[誤] He was heard sing in the next room.?

[正] He was heard to sing in the next room.?

[析] hear somebody do something這一句式用于被動語態(tài)時要把原來省略的不定式to還原回來。而在hear somebody doing something這一句式中則不會出現(xiàn)上述問題。如,主動態(tài):I heard her singing in the next room. 變?yōu)楸粍討B(tài)時為:She was heard singing in the next room. 這種用法還適用于see, look, observe, watch, notice, listen to等。?

hear listen to ?

hear一詞為聽見了什么,或聽到什么,強調其結果;而listen to則強調有意要聽,聽的傾向。如:I want to listen to you, but I hear nothing.?

但詞組hear about (of)則為"聽說過"之意,如:I heard about this. (我聽說過此事。)而hear from則為"收到某人信件"之意:I often hear from my girl friend.?

help ?

[誤] Please help my homework.?

[正] Please help me do my homework.?

[正] Please help me with my homework.?

[析] help其句型是help somebody do (to do) something. 意為"幫某人作某事",但在較古老的語法中不帶to的不定式表示句子的主語參加這個動作,如:He help his mother cook the meal. 即"他和母親一起作飯。"而He help me to do my homework. 則是"他指導我做作業(yè)"。但在現(xiàn)代英語中這個區(qū)別則往往被取消了。所以帶to與不帶to的不定式在句中意思相同,并無區(qū)別。?

[誤] When I read the play I can't help to think of my childhood.?

[正] When I read the play I can't help thinking of my childhood.?

[析] can't help doing something是"身不由己,情不自禁做某事"。?

[誤] Help yourself with some cakes.?

[正] Help yourself to some cakes.?

[析] 中文中講"你自己拿蛋糕吃",英文中要用help somebody to something.?

here ?

[誤] Here the bus comes!?

[正] Here comes the bus!?

[析] 副詞在句首時一般要用倒裝語序,即謂語動詞的位置前移。但是,若主語如是人稱代詞,則還是要用正常語序,如:Here we are!?

high ?

[誤] He is very high.?

[正] He is very tall.?

[析] 英語中的兩個"高"high和tall,其中tall指人指物都是可以的,但high則只指物體的高,所以可以講This building is the highest building in the city.但tall一般不用來指山脈的高低。?

hit ?

[誤] The mother got angry and hit the boy.?

[正] The mother got angry and beat the boy.?

[析] hit指打到某物之上,一般指一次性打擊,如He hit his head against the wall.(他把頭撞到了墻上。)而beat則指多次性的打擊。?

home ?

[誤] I'm tired. It's time I went to home.?

[正] I'm tired. It's time I went home.?

[析] home此處用作副詞,所以不應加to,又如:I arrived home at eleven thirty yesterday evening.而at home除了"在家"之意外,還有像"在家里一樣"之意。如Make yourself at home.(不要拘束就像在家一樣。)?

home house family ?

home是指與親人一起居住的地方,可以講a letter from home,所以有人解釋home包括住處和家人。而house的側重點則在建筑物,如Many new houses were built this year. family一詞,作為整體講其謂語動詞用單數(shù),如:Her family is a happy one.而作為家庭成員講時要用復數(shù)謂語動詞,如:My family are all like swimming.?

homgwork ?

[誤] I have so many homework to do today.?

[正] I have so much homework go do today.?

[析] homework為不可數(shù)名詞。同樣的詞還有work(work作為"著作"、"作品"、"工廠"講時為可數(shù)名詞),fun,health information等。?

hope ?

[誤] I hope you to be a good student.?

[正] I hope you will be a good student.?

[析] hope一詞不能接賓語再加上賓語補足語,但它可以接不定式作賓語,如:I hope to be a scientist.而wish卻可以接賓語加賓語補足語,如:I wish you to be a good student.

[誤] I don't hope you will go to the park tomorrow.?

[正] I hope you won't go to the park tomorrow.?

[析] hope 和think在否定句中的用法不同,如"我認為你錯了"。應譯為:I don't think you are right.即否定在前。而hope則不能這樣用。又如在答語中"我不這樣認為"應譯為I don't think so.或I hope not. ?

[誤] I hope your help.?

[正] I hope for your help.?

[析] hope for為"期望某事發(fā)生",雖然hope是及物動詞,但表達期望某事情發(fā)生要用"hope for+名詞"這一結構。?

[誤] I was hopeful to pass the exam.?

[正] I was hopeful of passing the exam.?

[析] 對某事存有希望應用"hopeful of (about)+介詞賓語"這一結構。?

hospital ?

[誤] My mother was in the hospital for two weeks.?

[正] My mother was in hospital for two weeks.?

[析] in hospital為"住院就醫(yī)"。而in (at) the hospital 為"在醫(yī)院(工作)"。如:He is a doctor in (at) the hospital.類似的用法還有很多,如:"上學"為go to school,at school為"在校就讀",go to bed為"上床睡覺"。?

how ?

[誤] I want to know how to do.?

[正] I want to know how to do it.?

[析] how 是關聯(lián)副詞,要注意與關聯(lián)代詞的不同用法。如:I want to know what to do.

[誤] How do you think about it??

[正] What do you think about it??

[析] 英文中表達你對某事的看法如何應用What do you think about…這一句式。?

hurry ?

[誤] Let's hurry. There is a little time left.?

[正] Let's hurry. There is little time left.?

[誤] Don't worry. There is little time left.?

[正] Don't worry. There is a little time left.?

[析] 請注意英語中的慣用法:"快點吧,沒時間了",或"別著急還有一點時間。"?

[誤] The car is hurrying through the street.?

[正] The car is rushing throught the street.?

[析] hurry一詞只用于人而不用于物體。?

hundred ?

[誤] There are two hundreds people here.?

[正] There are two hundred people here.?

[誤] There are hundred of people here.?

[正] There are hundreds of people here.?

[析] hundred一詞前如有數(shù)字時不論多少其后都不加?s,這和thousand(千)等數(shù)量詞的用法一樣,而hundreds of是數(shù)百的,這一詞組一定要加?s.?

hurt ?

[誤] I don't want to wound her feelings.?

[正] I don't want to hurt her feelings.?

[析] wound是指戰(zhàn)場上的刀槍傷(名詞),或用刀槍"傷害"、"打傷"(動詞)。

 

if ?

[誤] If it will rain I won't go to school tomorrow.?

[正] If it rains I won't go to school tomorrow.?

[析] 由if引起的狀語從句要用一般時表示將來。?

[誤] I want to know if he comes here tomorrow.?

[正] I want to know if he will come here tomorrow.?

[析] if所引起的如果是賓語從句則不能用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。?

[誤] I want to know if it will rain tomorrow he will come or not.?

[正] I want to know if it rains tomorrow he will come or not.?

[析] 這里的if從句是整個賓語從句的條件狀語,所以,還應用一般時表示將來。?

ill ?

[誤] He spent many years looking after his ill father.?

[正] He spent many years looking after his sick father.?

[析] ill和sick都可以作表語,如: I'm ill (sick). 美國英語中常用sick, 而英國英語中兩者都可用,但ill一般不作定語。?

in ?

[誤] In a cold morning, I went to school alone.?

[正] On a cold morning, I went to school alone.?

[析] 在in the morning或in the afternoon詞組中,不論在這兩個名詞的前或后加任何修飾詞,其介詞in都要變?yōu)閛n.?

[誤] I will finish it after two days.?

[正] I will finish it in two days.?

[析] 中文中幾天以后可以完成,或幾天后來取,在譯為英文時都不要用after,而要用in.如: He will be back in a few days.?

in into ?

作為副詞應用in,而不能用into,如: Come in, please. 又若在句中不涉及到動詞的位置,只是表達空間的位置時用in,如: The teacher in the office is my mother. 但在go, run, come, walk, dive等詞后則要用into. 如: She dives into the river.?

instead ?

[誤] The boy stayed in bed all day instead to go to school.?

[正] The boy stayed in bed all day instead of going to school.?

[析] instead of其后要接動名詞、名詞或代詞,而不能用不定式,如: I choose this book instead of that one.?

[誤] The beer here is not good, so I drink wine instead of it.?

[正] The beer here is not good, so I drink wine instead.?

[析] instead是副詞,而instead of是介詞短語。如: If you are not free, you may come another day instead.?

interest ?

[誤] He has a great interest for physics.?

[正] He has a great interest in physics.?

[誤] He has some interest in many companies.?

[正] He has some interests in many companies.?

[析] interest作為"興趣"講可用作不可數(shù)名詞,但作為"利息"、"股份"講時為可數(shù)名詞。?

[誤] This is an interested book.?

[正] This is an interesting book.?

[析] 修飾物時應用interesting, 如,an interesting film,而講某人對某事感興趣時要用過去分詞interested,如: I'm interested in this play. 但"他是一個十分有趣的人"。應譯為He is an interesting man. 所以interesting是"令人感興趣"之意,而interested則表示某人對某事物感興趣,多用"be interested in something"這一句型。?

invent ?

試題詳情

[誤] America was invented by Christopher Columbus in 1492.?

試題詳情

[正] America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492.?

[析] invent意為"發(fā)明"即從無到有,如: Compass was invented by the Chinese people. 而discover則意為"發(fā)現(xiàn)"。?

it ?

[誤] That takes me ten years to finish this work.?

[正] It takes me ten years to finish this work.?

[析] it在這個句中的語法作用是形式主語,而真正的主語是句子后面的不定式。有的句子要用it作形式主語或形式賓語,如: I think it difficult to learn English well.?

join ?

[誤] Did you attend the football club??

[正] Did you join the football club??

[析] join經(jīng)常用于參加某個團體、政黨,并作為其中的一個成員;attend則重點強調出會議、到場,而不一定進行具體活動,如: Did you attend the meeting yesterday?而take part in則強調參與某些具體活動或運動,如: I take part in the football game.

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just ?

[誤] I have finished my work just now.?

[正] I finished my work just now.?

[析] just now意義"剛才",所以句中的謂語動詞要用過去式。?

[誤] Just I won the game.?

[正] I just won the game.?

[析] just單獨使用時不應放在句首,而應放于① be動詞之后,如: He is just a student.② 名詞與一般動詞之間。③ 用在第一助動詞之后,如: I have just returned home. 但just與其他詞組成詞組時,如just now, just then, 則可用于句首和句尾。如: Just then he saw the bus coming.?

just justly ?

just常用于三種含意: ① 恰好,如: It's just five o'clock. ② 僅僅,相當于only, 如: I have just enough money to buy a dictionary. ③ 不久前,如: I just missed my old friend; He left a few minutes ago. 而justly其意為"公正的",如: He was justly punished for his crimes.?

keep ?

[誤] She was keeping something to her father.?

[正] She was keeping something from her father.?

[析] "對某人隱瞞某事"要用"keep something from somebody"句型。?

[誤] He kept to repeat the word again and again.?

[正] He kept repeating the word again and again.?

[析] keep doing something為連續(xù)不斷地做某事。有時可以與keep on doing something互換。它們的區(qū)別在于keep doing something意為該動作一直不停地在進行中,如: When the train started, she kept waving her hand. 而keep on doing something則表示該動作可能停停頓頓但卻一直在進行中,如: He kept on making the same mistakes in grammar.

[誤] We must keep up the times.?

[正] We must keep up with the times.?

[析] 這句話意為"我們必須趕上時代",keep up with是"趕上"之意,而keep up則是"堅持下去"的意思,如: Keep it up, don't stop now!?

key ?

[誤] I lost the key of the door.?

[正] I lost the key to the door.?

[析] 英語中講某某的東西一般要用of,而key, entrance, answer則多用to,如:"門的鑰匙"為key to the door, "高速公路入口"為entrance to the highway, "問題的答案"為the answer (key) to the question.?

kind ?

[誤] This kind of books are not good.?

[正] This kind of books is not good.?

[析] kind在這種句式中應作為主語,如果講Those kinds of books are very good. 則是正確的。?

kind sort type ?

kind和sort為同義詞,意為"種類",而type則為"型號",如: What type of this car do you want?(你想要這種車的什么型號?)?

knock ?

[誤] Someone was knocking the door.?

[正] Someone was knocking at the door.?

[析] knock雖可以作及物動詞,如: The car knocked a hole in the fence. 但作"敲門"講一定要用作不及物動詞: knock at (on) the door.?

know ?

[誤] I want to know to play this game.?

[正] I want to know how to play this game.?

[析] 要注意英語中在不定式前加疑問代詞或疑問副詞的用法。如:I want to know how to do it / what to do / when to do it / where to go.?

know know of ?

I know him.為"我很了解他。"而I know of him. 則為"我聽說過他。"同樣的用法還有hear和hear of這一詞組。?

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large ?

[誤] He found a large number of mistake in his homework.?

[正] He found a large number of mistakes in his homework.?

[析] "a large number of + 復數(shù)名詞",意為大量的。?

last ?

[誤] This is the newest news.?

[正] This is the latest news.?

[析] "最新消息"應為latest news,因為最晚到的新聞才是最新消息,請注意英語與漢語的區(qū)別。?

last the last ?

[誤] I saw my brother the last week.?

[正] I saw my brother last week.?

[析] 當談到與目前有關的上月、上星期等概念時只能用last month, last week, 而不能加定冠詞,the last 可用于表示一系列詞的最后一個,如: That was the last Christmas I spent at home. 但the last可以用來表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一個長時期,如: I am busy for the last week.?

late ?

[誤] Yesterday I went home lately.?

[正] Yesterday I went home late.?

[析] late即可做形容詞又可作副詞;而lately則意為"最近的",如: I haven't seen her lately.?

late latter later lately ?

late有兩個比較級,指時間較晚應用later,如口語中常講: See you later. (一會見。)而latter則指按順序講的后者,或靠后的,其反意詞為former,如: the former president(前總統(tǒng))。又如: I can understand the latter part of the story. 而lately則意為"近來"、"不久前"。?laughed at by his classmates. 中的at是不可省掉的。?laugh over 則指"笑著談論"某事,如 We laugh over the film. (我們笑著談論那個電影。)?

lay ?

[誤] We lied on the beach.?

[正] We lay on the beach.?

[析] 英文中有三個動詞易混,在考試中也頻頻出現(xiàn),它們的現(xiàn)在式,過去式,過去分詞以及現(xiàn)在分詞是: ?

lay (?vt?. 放) laid laid laying?

lie(?vi?. 躺) lay lain cying?

lie(?vi?. 說謊) lied lied lying?

learn ?

[誤] The teacher said:"You must study this poem by heart."?

[正] The teacher said:"You must learn this poem by heart."?

[析] study與learn在作"學習"講時,常?梢曰Q,但learn側重于學習成果或初級階段的模仿性學習,如:The little baby is learning to walk. 而study則多側重于學習的過程,如: I'm studying at this college. 而learn…by heart則是"記住"、"背誦"之意。?

leave ?

[誤] I'll leave Beijing to Shanghai.?

[正] I'll leave Beijing for Shanghai.?

[析] leave for一詞組為"去某地",如對話中常講I'll leave for Shanghai. 因所離開的地點是雙方都知道的則可以省略。?

leave forget ?

[誤] I've forgotten my homework at home.?

[正] I've forgotten my homework.?

[正] I've left my homework at home.?

[析] 如果句中有地點狀語則不要用forget, 而要用leave.?

lesson ?

[誤] I have two lessons of English.?

[正] I have two English lessons.?

[正] I have two lessons in English.?

[析] "我有兩節(jié)英語課。"這一表達法如上,但美老師講他有兩節(jié)課時則多用"I have two classes."?teach somebody a lesson 為"教訓某人",或"要吸取教訓",如: Let this thing teaches you a lesson.?

lend ?

[誤] Please borrow me your bike.?

[正] Please lend me your bike.?

[析] borrow是指"借入",如: I want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是"借出",如: I can lend you my bike. 而keep為"借多久": 如 How long can I keep it??

less ?

[誤] He has fewer money than she has.?

[正] He has less money than she has.?

[析] less是little的比較級,而fewer是few的比較級。要注意前者修飾不可數(shù)名詞,而后者修飾可數(shù)名詞。?

let ?

[誤] The teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

[正] The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

[析] 雖然let, have, make有相同的用法,但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。

[誤] Let's go to the park, will you??

[正] Let's go to the park, shall we??

[誤] Let us go to the park, shall we??

[正] Let us go to the park, will you??

[析] Let's go的反意疑問句是shall we?而Let us go的反意疑問句則是will you??

life ?

[誤] Many people lost their life in the Second World War.?

[正] Many People lost their lives in the Second World War.?

[析] life作為"生命"、"性命"時應為可數(shù)名詞;當泛指一般"生活"講時則為不可數(shù)名詞,如: Which do you prefer, town life or country life? 又如: Life is not all fun.?

light ?

[誤] There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.?

[正] There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.?

[析] light有兩個過去分詞: lighted和lit,當用過去分詞作形容詞當定語時只能用lighted.?light可以用作名詞,如: The moon gets its light from the sun. 也可以作形容詞,如: The classroom is very light. 還可以作動詞,如: The little girl lit a match. 作形容詞時還有"輕"、"淺"等意,如: This box is light. I like light blue.?

like ?

[誤] My sister is very as me.?

[正] My sister is very like me.?

[析] as 作為連詞其后要接從句,如: She is a good student as his brother used to be. 而like是介詞,其后接賓語。?

[誤] Do you like swimming with me tonight.?

[正] Would you like to swim with me tonight.?

[析] like作為動詞當"喜歡"講時,其后面可接不定式也可接動名詞,用不定式多表達一個一次性的動作,如: I'm sorry I don't like to go swimming tonight. 用動名詞則表示一個習慣性的動作,如: I like swimming very much.?

like alike ?

作為形容詞,alike 一般不作定語,而只作表語,如; The twins are very alike.?

[誤] Would you like swimming with us??

[正] Would you like to swim with us??

[析] 在would you like…這一句型中,其后面只能接不定式,而不能接動名詞。?like的用法還要注意以下兩點: ① He likes Tom. 為"他喜歡湯姆。"② He is like Tom. 為"他像湯姆。"第二句話的like為介詞,而第一句話的like為動詞。?

listen ?

[誤] You should hear the teahcer's advice.?

[正] You should listen to the teacher's advice.?

[析] hear多側重于聽到某事或某種聲音,而listen to則側重于聽的傾向性。如: We listen but hear nothing. 例句為"聽取某人意見",所以只能用listen to someone's advice.?

little ?

[誤] Don't worry, there is little time.?

[正] Don't worry, there is a little time.?

[誤] There is a little water. Shall I get some??

[正] There is little water. Shall I get some??

[析] 要注意中英文在同一問題上的表達法是不同的。如中文"水不多了,我去取點吧。"英文要講"沒水了,我去取點吧。"?

little small ?

little與small是近義詞,在作定語時常?梢曰Q,如: a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表語,如: The car over there is small. 一句中不要用little. 作定語時little常常帶有感情色彩,而small則帶有對比的含義。?

live ?

[誤] Tom lives with his parents' money.?

[正] Tom lives on his parents' money.?

[誤] He lives on teaching.?

[正] He lives by teaching.?

[析] "靠吃某物為生"應用live on something, 而live by是"靠某種生活手段為生"。?

living alive ?

living側重于生活得很好,身體不錯,如: My grandfather is still living in his eighties. 而alive則強調沒有死而是活著的,如: Is that cat alive or dead??

lonely ?

[誤] She wanted to do her homework lonely.?

[正] She wanted to do her homework alone.?

[析] lonely意為"寂寞的"、"孤單的",如: The old man felt lonely. alone則意為"獨自的"、"單獨的",如: He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.

?

long ?

[誤] I have been studying long for the exam.?

[正] I have been studying for a long time for the exam.?

[析] long用作表達時間的副詞時,在否定句及疑問句中最常用,但在肯定句中除與so, too, as…as連用外,一般要用for a long time.?

[誤] I'll call you as long as the book will be returned.?

[正] I'll call you as long as the book is returned.?

[析] as…as引導的狀語從句中可以用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。?

[誤] How long do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

[正] How often do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

[析] 因為答語為每周一次所以問的是頻率,要用how often.

?

look ?

look for find ?

look for 側重于 "尋找"這個動作,如: What are you looking for? 而find則側重于結果,如: It is very difficult to find a job. 這里不能用look for,因為真正困難的是"找到"工作。?

其他用法還有:?

[例] He often looks back on his high?school days.?

[析] look back on something 為"回顧"、"回想"。?

[例] I wish you wouldn't look down on (upon) the children's work.?

[析] look down on (upon) 為"看不起"某人或某事。?

[誤] I'm looking forward to see you.?

[正] I'm looking forward to seeing you.?

[析] look forward to詞組中的to是介詞,所以其后要加名詞或動名詞,不能接不定式。?

lot ?

[誤] I can buy this dictionary now, because I have got much money.?

[正] I can buy this dictionary now because I have got a lot of money.?

[析] much money多用于疑問句與否定句中,而在肯定句中要用a lot of.?lots of與a lot of之間無多大區(qū)別,兩者都可以修飾可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞,所以常?梢曰Q。?

[誤] He is more happier now.?

[正] He is a lot happier now.?

[析] 不可用more來修飾比較級,能修飾比較級的詞有very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit等。?

loud loudly ?

這兩個詞含意相同,在日常用語中l(wèi)oud多與talk,speak, shout, laugh等動詞連用,如:Don't speak so loud, you'll wake the baby. 而在比較正式的場合才用loudly.?

loud aloud ?

loud多指把聲音放大,而aloud則指要出聲不要默讀。如:?-What did you say??-Oh, nothing, I was just think aloud. (我只不過自言自語。)?

make ?

[誤] The little boy was made repeat the whole story.?

[正] The little boy was made to repeat the whole story.?

[誤] The father made his son to do his homework from morning till night.?

[正] The father made his son do his homework from morning till night.?

[析] make 的句型為"make somebody do (doing) something".但在被動語態(tài)中原來被省去的不定式符號to要被還原回來。?

[誤] I always do this mistake.?

[正] I always make this mistake.?

[析] 英語中do和make是十分不易弄清的兩個動詞,do常用于談論工作時或某種不確定的活動時,如: do a favour(幫個忙),do one's best(竭盡全力),do good(有益), do harm(有害),而多數(shù)情況下常用make, 如: make a suggestion, make a cake, make a bed(收拾床),make a noise, make money等等。?

[誤] This wine was made of grapes.?

[正] This wine was made from grapes.?

[析] 當成品制成后,其原料的性質有所改變時應用make from,否則用make of, 如: This door was made of iron.?

[誤] Hard work can often make up a lack of intelligence.?

[正] Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.?

[析] make up是"創(chuàng)造"、"編織",而make up for是"彌補……的不足之處"。上句應譯為"勤奮工作可以彌補天資的不足。"?

[誤] We made up our mind to study hard.?

[正] We made up our minds to study hard.?

[析] mind這里是可數(shù)名詞,使用時要特別予以注意make up one's mind是"下定決心"之意。?

[誤] Our class is made of twenty girls and twenty?one boys.?

[正] Our class is made up of twenty girls and twenty?one boys.?

[析] make up of…是"某物由……組成或構成"。?

many ?

[誤] I have many friends.?

[正] I have a lot of friends.?

[析] many和much多用于疑問句或否定句中,而在肯定句中則用處不多,尤其在非正式談話中。如:?

-How much money have you got??

-I've got plenty.?

[誤] You bought much too tomatoes.?

[正] You bought too many tomatoes.?

[析] too many后接可數(shù)名詞,too much后接不可數(shù)名詞,而much too后面接形容詞,意為"太多"。?

[誤] For many a weeks it rained a lot.?

[正] For many a week it rained a lot.?

[析] many a意為"好多"、"許多",但其后面要加單數(shù)名詞

。?

matter ?

[誤] No matter what you did.?

[正] No matter what you did, I trusted you.?

[析] No matter是個詞組,意為"不論",它的語法功能是起連接作用,所以不能用于一個單獨的句子。?

it doesn't matter這個詞組則不是一個連接詞組,所以可以和一個單句連用,如: It ?doesn't? mater what you say. (你說什么都不要緊。)?

maybe ?

[誤] May be he is right.?

[正] Maybe he is right.?

[析] maybe是副詞,不要錯用為may be.?

maybe perhaps ?

這兩個詞的詞意一樣,maybe常用于非正式談話,而perhaps則多用在正式文體中。如: Maybe/Perhaps the weather will get better. 而?Julius Caesar? is perhaps the greatest of Shakespeare's early plays.?

mend ?

[誤] I want to have my bike mended.?

[正] I want to have my bike repaired.?

[析] mend意為"縫補",如: My mother mended my coat. 而repair是"修理"。?

mind ?

[誤] Could you mind to close the door??

[正] Could you mind closing the door??

[誤] Try to make up your mind studying hard.?

[正] Try to make up your mind to study hard.?

[析] mind用作動詞時,其后加動名詞;而用作名詞意為"下定決心"時,其后要加不定式。 ?要注意Do you mind if I smoke?的答語: 如果你不介意,應回答"No, go ahead."如果你不想讓對方吸煙,則應講"Yes, please don't."?

miss ?

[誤] I found my bag missed.?

[正] I found my bag missing.?

[析] missing為形容詞,其意為"不見了"、"丟了"。在句中用作賓語補足語時不要誤用missed,它作動詞時多為及物動詞,要接名詞或動名詞,而不接不定式。如: I missed the first train, I don't want to miss seeing the famous football player.?在作補足語講某物"不見了"時有missing, gone, lost等,如: I found my bag missing (gone, lost).?

mistake ?

[誤] I took your pen by wrong.?

[正] I took your pen by mistake.?

[析] by mistake是"錯拿了"、"誤拿了"你的東西。wrong意為"錯誤",而by mistake為"弄混了"。如:?

[誤] If I'm not wrong, you are Mr Brown.?

[正] If I'm not mistaken, you are Mr Brown. (如果我沒弄錯的話,您是Brown先生。)

[誤] The teachers always mistook me as my brother.?

[正] The teachers always mistook me for my brother.?

[析] mistake…for…是"錯把……當作……"之意,如: I took your book for mine.?

more ?

[誤] This book is more better than that one.?

[正] This book is much better than that one.?

[析] 不能用比較級來修飾比較級,而應用much, rather等來修飾比較級。?

[誤] More you read, more you learn.?

[正] The more you read, the more you learn.?

[析] 在"越……越……的"表達法中,形容詞的比較級前要加定冠詞。請注意more than one這個詞組的后面要跟單數(shù)名詞和單數(shù)謂語動詞。如: More than one student is going to do part time job after school.?

no more than not morethan ?

no more than應譯為"只不過"、"才",如: He wrote no more than three books. 即他真正寫了三本書。而not more than則意為"不會多于",如: He wrote not more than three books. 即他寫的書不會多于三本。又如: He is no shorter than you. 應譯為"你和他都不矮",而He is not shorter than you. 才應譯為"他比你高。"?

most ?

[誤] Most of students are good at English.?

[正] Most of the students are good at English.?

[正] Most students are good at English.?

[析] most of這一結構后面的名詞前一定要有一個限定詞。?

[誤] My friends are most teachers.?

[正] My friends are mostly teachers.?

[析] mostly意為"大部分的","主要的"。?

much ?

[誤] The boy was asleep very much.?

[正] The boy was fast asleep.?

[析] 不是所有的形容詞都可以用very來修飾,如fast asleep意為"熟睡",則是固定搭配。像interesting, exciting, surprising這些形容詞化的現(xiàn)在分詞,以及tired, interested這些形容詞化的過去分詞則要用very來修飾。?

must ?

[誤] He must be in the office, and mustn't go home.?

[正] He must be in the office, and can't go home.?

[析] must加動詞原形為對事情的肯定推測,而否定的推測則要用can't加動詞原形。?

[誤] It must have rained now.?

[正] It must have rained yesterday.?

[析] "must+have+過去分詞"為對過去發(fā)生事情的推測。這句話應譯為"昨天一定是下雨了。"又如: I must go and call him. He must have forgotten it.?

must have to ?

must用來表示說話者覺得某件事有必要去做,如I must stop smoking. 其意為:我自己認為我要戒煙;而have to則多用來表達由于來自外界的因素而不得不去做的事,如: I have to go to school tomorrow.?must無過去式,當用在講過去某件必須要做的事時要用had to, 如: When I was young, I had to go to the factory.?在否定句中mustn't意為:一定不要做某事,如: You mustn't tell this to Tom. 而haven't to則多意為沒有必要去做,如: You don't have to tell this to Tom. 而英語中多用needn't 來取代haven't to.?

myself ?

[誤] I can't play ping?pong myself.?

[正] I can't play ping?pong by myself.?

[析] 第一句并無語法錯誤,myself為"我親自要去",而by myself為"獨自一人"。這句話要表達的意思是"我一個人無法打乒乓球。"而I want to play ping?pong myself. 應譯為"我自己想去打乒乓球。"?

 

name ?

[誤] She was named of a flower.?

[正] She was named after a flower.?

[析] 以……命名應為name after,又如給某人取名應為The father named his son Tom.?

near ?

[誤] We came near to hit him.?

[正] We came near to hitting him.?

[析] 這句話應譯為"我們幾乎要打他一頓。"near to這一用法中to為介詞,其后要接賓語,所以要接名詞或動名詞。near作介詞時其后可加to也可不加to,如: I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.?

by near ?

We lived near the city. 與We lived by the city. 兩句話都是對的,但其表達的意義有所不同,by在表達距離時比near更近,所以by the city是緊靠近某城市。?

need ?

[誤] This room needs to clean.?

[正] This room needs to be cleaned.?

[正] This room needs cleaning.?

[析] 在表達某事需要做什么時,need后面如用不定式要用其被動態(tài),如接動名詞則要用主動態(tài)。?

[誤] We need not to do it.?

[正] We needn't do it.?

[析] need用在否定句、疑問句中一般用作情態(tài)動詞,所以無人稱變化也不加to,而在肯定句中則多用作實意動詞,如: We need your help.?

neither ?

[誤] None of my parents is a teacher.?

[正] Neither of my parents is a teacher.?

[析] 對兩者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情況。?

[誤] I don't do my homework. Neither he does.?

[正] I don't do my homework. Neither does he.?

[析] 這時應用倒裝句。?

[誤] Neither you nor I are right.?

[正] Neither you nor I am right.?

[析] neither…nor… 這一句型在應用時其謂語動詞應以鄰近的主語一致。?

[誤] Neither he studies nor plays.?

[正] Neither does he study nor play.?

[析] neither, hardly, seldom等否定詞位于句首時,謂語動詞采用倒裝形式。

?

never ?

[誤] Never I have broken my word.?

[正] Never have I broken my word.?

[析] never用于句首時起強調作用,要用倒裝語序。但用于句中一般放于情態(tài)動詞、助動詞、或be動詞后面,如: I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成語中,如: Better late than never. (晚做比不做強。)never mind沒關系,如: "What did you say?""Oh, never mind."?

news ?

[誤] There are many news about the accident.?

[正] There is much news about the accident.?

[析] news是不可數(shù)名詞,它沒有復數(shù)形式,如果講一條新聞要用a piece of news.

newspaper ?

[誤] I read the news on today's newspaper.?

[正] I read the news in today's newspaper.?

[析] 在報紙上讀到某一條新聞一定要用介詞in,而on the newspaper是指把某物放于報紙之上,如: May I put the flower on this newspaper??

night ?

[誤] I came home very late yesterday night.?

[正] I came home very late last night.?

[析] "昨晚"一般要講last night,而不應參照"昨天上午、下午、傍晚"的說法yesterday morning等套用。?

no none ?

no是個限定詞,它可以用在可數(shù)名詞單復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前,如: No news is good news. 但如果名詞前有另一限定詞時則不能用no,而要用none of,如None of the students was here.?

no not ?

要使句子具有部分否定的意思,我們用not,如: I can see you tomorrow, but not Sunday. 如果是全部否定則用no,如Sorry, there is no time to talk.?

No one none ?

no one與nobody一樣不能接of結構,如: No one wished me good luck. 而要用of結構時要用none, 如: None of my friends wished me good luck.?

nor ?

[誤] I never saw the painting before, or did I hear of it.?

[正] I never saw the painting before, not did I hear of it.?

[析] 注意在表達"既不……也不……"時不要用or作連詞,而要用nor,并且要用倒裝語序。 ?

not ?

[誤] The students went to the park, but no the teachers.?

[正] The students went to the park, but not the teachers.?

[析] 要使一個句子或一個句子的某一部分為否定時我們要用not, 而不用no.?

[誤] There is no my letter today.?

[正] There is no letter for me today.?

[析] no是一個限定詞,用在名詞前時,要注意這個名詞前應沒有冠詞、物主代詞或指示代詞。?

[誤] He not only was a writer but also an actor.?

[正] He was not only a writer but also an actor.?

[析] 在這一句型中not only之后的詞與but also之后的詞類必須一致,否則應為錯句。如果這一結構用在主語位置,則謂語動詞要與but also后面的主語保持一致,如: Not only you but also I am wrong.?

nothing ?

[誤] Nothing but books were sold here.?

[正] Nothing but books was sold here.?

[析] 要注意真正的主語是nothing而不是books,所以這一結構在學生的使用中經(jīng)常出錯。

[誤] I have nothing to do but to cry.?

[正] I have nothing to do but cry.?

[析] 在這一結構中but后面要用省to的不定式。?

number ?

[誤] A number of news can be heard on TV today.?

[正] A lot of news can be heard on TV today.?

[析] a number of后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。?

[誤] The number of students are ten thousand.?

[正] The number of students is ten thousand.?

[析] a number of 其意為"大量的",而the number of…是"某某的數(shù)量"。即the number of students意為"學生人數(shù)",所以要用單數(shù)形式的謂語動詞。?

o'clock ?

[誤] It's ten past five o'clock.?

[正] It's ten past five.?

[析] o'clock所表達的時間是正點,如果要表達的時間是幾點幾分或差幾分幾點都不能用o'clock.?

once ?

[誤] Please come and see me once.?

[正] Please come and see me one day.?

[析] once用來談論過去的事情,而不能談論未來。如果要談及未來要用one day, some time等。?

[誤] I met him one time when I was a student.?

[正] I met him once when I was a student.?

[析] 英語中一次應用once而不用one time,二次要用twice而不用two times.?

one ?

[誤] My grandfather wants to live for hundred years.?

[正] My grandfather wants to live for one hundred years.?

[誤] He threw away the old dictionary and wanted to buy new one.?

[正] He threw away the old dictionary and wanted to buy a new one.?

[誤] His dog is bigger than my one.?

[正] His dog is bigger than mine.?

[析] 一般物主代詞之后不用one,除非one前有修飾詞,如my old one, 否則要用名詞性物主代詞。?

[誤] One of the teacher is in the office.?

[誤] One of the teachers are in the office.?

[正] One of the teachers is in the office.?

[析] One是句子的主語,其謂語動詞應用單數(shù),而of后面的名詞要用復數(shù)名詞。?

[誤] One third of the books is sent to the students.?

[正] One third of the books are sent to the students.?

[析] 幾分之幾或百分之幾這一結構用在主語位置,其謂語動詞要與of后面的名詞一致,如Two thirds of the work is done.?

open ?

[誤] Are the banks opened today??

[正] Are the banks open today??

[析] 要注意open即可用作動詞、名詞,還可以用作形容詞,而close則不同。請看: Are the banks closed today?這一句是正確的。?

or ?

[誤] He doesn't drink and smoke.?

[正] He doesn't drink or smoke.?

[析] 否定句中的并列連詞要用or而不用and.?

[誤] He neither drinks or smokes.?

[正] He neither drinks nor smokes.?

other ?

[誤] Where are the others students??

[正] Where are the other students??

[正] Where are the others??

[析] other作形容詞時沒有復數(shù)形式,且作為泛指講時沒有定冠詞,如: Ask some other eople. 而加定冠詞后為特指。 the other可在句中作主語、賓語或定語,如: Now let me show you the other. (賓語) He has two sons. One is a worker, the other is a teacher. (主語) others 只能作代詞,而the others則為特指,如: There are five books. Two of them are not good. I like the others.?

out ?

[誤] She went out the classroom, taking a dictionary with her.?

[正] She went out of the classroom, taking a dictionary with her.?

[析] out of是指"從……里出來",使用時不要將of丟掉。?

 

paper ?

[誤] Please give me two letter papers.?

[正] Please give me two sheets of letter paper.?

[析] paper作為紙講為不可數(shù)名詞。?

[誤] Each student must write paper on what he learned.?

[正] Each student must write a paper on what he learned.?

[析] 這里的paper作為論文講,是可數(shù)名詞。paper的這種用法還可以用于證件、報紙、考卷等。

parent ?

[誤] My parents and I are both interested in football.

[正] My parents and I are all interested in football.?

[析] parents即為父母、雙親,指兩個人,加上自己為三個人,所以只能用all而不能用both.?

pass ?

[誤] The ship pasted the channel.?

[正] The ship passed the channel.?

[析] pass為動詞,而past則為副詞,不要混淆,如: My father has been ill for the past two weeks. All the students passed the exam.?

pay ?

[誤] Please help me do this job, and I will pay for you later.?

[正] Please help me do this job and I will pay you later.?

[析] 為某工作付給工人工資應為pay somebody, 而pay for something是為某物付款,如: You can buy all the things you want. I'll pay for those.?

people ?

[誤] There are five hundred peoples here.?

[正] There are five hundred people here.?

[誤] There is only one people.?

[正] There is only one person.?

[誤] People there is friendly.?

[正] People there are friendly.?

[析] people作為人講時為復數(shù)名詞,如要講一個人應用one person, 而不能用people, 講若干人時用people而不能加s,這樣的用法還有police(警察)等,這些概念用單數(shù)時要換其他的詞. 如: people-a person; police-policeman policewoman; youth-a young man/woman.?

picture ?

[誤] There are some spots in the picture.?

[正] There are some spots on the picture.?

[誤] There is a young woman on the picture.?

[正] There is a young woman in the picture.?

[析] 指濺落在畫面上的灰塵,污物是on the picture,即講與畫面內(nèi)容無關的東西用on,而in the picture用于講畫面的內(nèi)容。?

pity ?

[誤] What pity that her mother must always suffer!?

[正] What a pity that her mother must always suffer!?

[析] pity作為遺憾之事講常加不定冠詞;但要注意作為同情、憐憫講則不加冠詞,為不可數(shù)名詞,如: I feel pity for you. 它還可以用作動詞,如: He pitied the poor people.?

[誤] I have pity for you.?

[正] I have pity on you.?

[析] 可憐某人時應用have (take) pity on somebody,這是個慣用法。?

place ?

[誤] Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to another.?

[正] Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to place (from one place to another).?

[析] 到處譯為英文時為from place to place請不要在place之前加冠詞。這種用法在有些語法書中叫作零冠詞用法,如:一戶挨一戶為door by door,手拉手為hand in hand.?

[誤] The accident was taken place in that street.?

[正] The accident took place in that street.?

[析] take place為發(fā)生,它不能用于被動態(tài),這樣的詞還有happen等。?

[誤] There is no place in the bus.?

[正] There is no room in the bus.?

[析] room這里為不可數(shù)名詞,意為空間,即沒有地方了。place多指場所所在之地。

[誤] I came here to take place of Mr Smith.?

[正] I came here to take the place of Mr Smith.?

[析] take the place of 意為代替、取代某人某事。

?

play ?

[誤] Do you want to play guitar??

[正] Do you want to play the guitar??

[誤] I like to play the bridge.?

[正] I like to play bridge(橋牌).?

[析] play作為玩講時,在各種樂器前要加冠詞,在各種體育運動前則沒有冠詞。?

please ?

[誤] My friend pleased me to his birthday party yesterday.?

[正] My friend invited me to his birthday party yesterday.?

[析] please作為動詞時其詞義不是請,而是高興、愿意等意,如: She always does what she pleases. (她總是想做什么就做什么。)又如: It's hard to please all. 而please作為請講時為語氣詞,多用于祈使句中,如: Please come in.?

[誤] Both the teacher and the mother were pleased to the little girl.?

[正] Both the teacher and the mother were pleased with the little girl.?

[析] 對某人表示滿意、喜歡,應用be pleased with somebody. 對某事感到高興和滿意時多用be pleased at或about,但有時也可用with,卻不能用of.?

pleasure ?

[誤] The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasures.?

[正] The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasure.?

[析] pleasure作為高興、愉快、享樂、娛樂 講時為不可數(shù)名詞。?

[誤] It is pleasure to work with you.?

[正] It is a pleasure to work with you.?

[析] pleasure作為一件或某件樂事、高興之事講時為 可數(shù)名詞,如: It is one of my pleasures.?

police ?

[誤] The police has not found the cause of the accident.

[正] The police have not found the cause of the accident.

[析] police為復數(shù)名詞,它沒有單數(shù)形式。如果要講一個警察 要用a policeman,兩個要用two policemen,或a policewoman, two policewomen.?

prepare ?

[誤] I'm preparing the exam.?

[正] I'm preparing for the exam.?

[誤] We'll return in time for you to prepare for dinner.

[正] We'll return in time for you to prepare dinner.?

[析] prepare既是及物動詞,又是不及物動詞。作及物動詞時 其后面所跟的事物是正在 準備的;而作不及物動詞時for后面的事物是目標。如: I'm preparing for the exam. 應

譯為我正在為考試做準備。同樣的用法還有search與search for.?

present ?

[誤] Don't worry. I can present the meeting.?

[正] Don't worry. I can be present at the meeting.?

[析] present作為出席、在場講時,是形容詞而不應 用作動詞。其動詞意為 送給;贈給;提出,如: The reporter presented arguments of his idea.

? put

?

[誤] She put off her red dress and put on the green one.

[正] She took off her red dress and put on the green on e.?

[析] 與put連用的介詞很多,一般來講on與off是一對相反的意 義的介詞,如: turn on (打開),turn off(關上),穿衣服是put on,但脫衣服卻只能用take off,而put o ff是推遲、使某人下車、關掉之意,如: They put off the exam because t he national holiday. (因國家假日而推遲考期。)Could you put me off at the Town Ha ll. (請在市政廳讓我下車。)Please put off the wireless before you leave. (走之前 請關掉無線電。)?

?

radio

?

[誤] There are two radioes in the classroom.?

[正] There are two radios in the classroom.?

[誤] I heard the weather report through the radio.?

[正] I heard the weather report on the radio.?

[析] 在收音機中聽到某事應為hear something on the ra dio,聽收音機應為l isten to the radio. 這樣的用法還有電視,看電視為watch TV,講在電視上看見什 么節(jié)目為watch…on TV,如: I'm watching the football match on TV. 但注意,作為 一種通信手段時應為by radio, 如: Police are talking to each other by radio.? rain ?

[誤] There is a small rain falling.?

[正] There is a light rain falling.?

[誤] There is a big rain.?

[正] There is a heavy rain.?

[析] 大雨在英文中應為a heavy rain, rain cats and do gs 為傾盆大雨,小雨 為a light rain. 千萬不要講a big rain 或a small rain. 當作動詞講時,雨下得很 大可譯為: It rains very much now/hard now/heavily now.?

reach

?

[誤] We reached to the town very late.?

[正] We reached the town very late.?

[析] reach作為到達講是及物動詞,而arrive為不及物動 詞。但要注意reach的詞組 搭配,如reach for, 為伸手去拿,如: The thief reached for the gun. reach ou t伸出手,如: He reached out and took an interesting book.?

ready ?

[誤] You must ready at once.?

[正] You must be ready at once.?

[析] ready為形容詞,而不像中文中準備為動詞。?

remember

?

[誤] I didn't remember closing the door, so the thief c ame into the room directly.?

[正] I didn't remember to close the door, so the thief came into the room directly.?

[析] remember其后接動名詞,動名詞所表示的動作已經(jīng)做完, 如: I don't remember meeting you. 其后如接不定式,不定式表達的動作還沒有去做,如: Do remember to tur n off the light before you leave.?

rest ?

[誤] The rest of the students is girls.?

[正] The rest of the students are girls.?

[析] rest作剩余部分講時,the rest of…結構作主語時 其謂語動詞應與of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。這種用法還有1/3 of, 80% of等。?

[誤] The rest of the work are done.?

[正] The rest of the work is done.?

return ?

[誤] My friends returned back to their second home town .?

[正] My friends returned to their second home town.?

[析] return即為返回,所以back是多余的。這句話還可以 表述為: My friends went back to their second home town.?

rice

?

[誤] We had a few rice and some bread.?

[正] We had a little rice and some bread.?

[析] rice為物質名詞,為不可數(shù)名詞。?

rice

?

[誤] We had a few rice and some bread.?

[正] We had a little rice and some bread.?

[析] rice為物質名詞,為不可數(shù)名詞。?

rich ?

[誤] The country is rich of oil.?

[正] The country is rich in oil.?

[析] be rich in 為盛產(chǎn)……。?

[誤] The rich is not always happy.?

[正] The rich are not always happy.?

[析] 形容詞加定冠詞表示一類人,作主語時要作復數(shù)看待。?

[誤] All his riches is no good to him if he is so ill.

[正] All his riches are no good to him if he is so ill.

[析] riches為財富,是復數(shù)名詞,沒有單數(shù)形式。像這 樣的詞還有goods(貨物),greens(青菜),manners(禮貌)等。?

river

[誤] We like swimming on the river.?

[正] We like swimming in the river.?

[誤] We like boating in the river.?

[正] We like boating on the river.?

[析] 游泳用in the river,而在湖中劃船要用on the river.

room

[誤] There are already three people sitting on the sofa , please try to make a room for her.?

[正] There are already three people sitting on the sofa , please try to make room for her.?

[析] room作為空間講時為不可數(shù)名詞。leave room for… 為給某人留點空地; make room for…為讓位給某人,如: The young man made room for an old woman.

?

run

?

[誤] I ran across with an old friend at the school gate .?

[正] I ran across an old friend at the school gate.?

[析] run across 為偶然相遇。?

[誤] The truck ran across the cat.?

[正] The truck ran over the cat.?

[析] run over為從……上輾過。?

[誤] Yesterday I ran to a storm on my way home.?

[正] Yesterday I ran into a storm on my way home.?

[析] run into為撞上或撞在……上。?

?

safe

[誤] The brave man safed the boy from drowning.?

[正] The brave man saved the boy from drowning.?

[析] safe是形容詞,如: They wished him a safe journey. safely是副詞,如: The young man drives his car safely. 而safety是名詞,如: safety island(安全島),Safety first!(安全第一!)但save是動詞。

same ?

[誤] Yesterday I got a postcard. It is the same that you got the day before yesterday.?

[正] Yesterday I got a postcard. It is the same as you got the day before yesterday.?

[析] the same that意為"即是",而the same as才能譯為"像……一樣的。"?

[誤] Your book is not same as mine.?

[正] Your book is not the same as mine.?

[析] the same as中的定冠詞不能少。

say ?

[誤] His report wrote she is nineteen.?

[正] His report says she is nineteen.?

[析] 中文中常講"報告上寫到"、"信上寫到",這樣的"寫"在英文中要用say.?

say speak talk tell

?

英文中"說"一般有四個詞,其中say和tell為及物動詞。tell可以加雙賓語,如Please tell me a story. 而speak與talk為不及物動詞。speak只有后面直接加"語言"時才是及物的,如: Please speak English. 請看下句: He went on talking for a long time, but he spoke so fast that few of us could catch what he said.?

sea ?

[誤] As a boy his great ambition(抱負) was to go to the sea.?

[正] As a boy his great ambition was to go to sea.?

[析] go to sea為"去當水手、海員";而go to the sea=go to the seaside, 如: He want to go to the sea for his vacation.?

在"海中"游泳為in the sea; at sea為在"海上航行",如: I have a brother at sea. by sea為"坐船"、"由海路運輸",如: We travelled to New York by sea.?

second ?

[誤] I want to learn the second foreign language.?

[正] I want to learn a second foreign language.?

[析] 當作為"第二"外語,"再增加一個"時,不要用the second而要用a second. the second強調排隊的次序,a second強調再增加一個。?

see ?

[誤] He was seen leave the room.?

[正] He was seen to leave the room.?

[析] see作主動態(tài)時用作to see somebody do something, 而用作被動態(tài)時則是somebody to be seen to do something. 要注意慣用法let me see(讓我想想)。?

sheep ?

[誤] There are five sheeps on the grass.?

[正] There are five sheep on the grass.?

[析] sheep是單、復數(shù)同形名詞,其他的還有: deer(鹿),fish(魚)等。?

ship ?

[誤] I travelled on a yacht.?

[正] I travelled on a ship (in a yacht).?

[析] 雖然都是船,但游艇(yacht)要用in, 而ship要用on.?

sick ?

[誤] The little boy was a ill boy.?

[正] The little boy was a sick boy.?

[析] sick與ill作表語時都表示"有病"之意,如: He feels ill. 或He feels sick. 都對,但作定語時則只能用sick.?

since ?

試題詳情

[誤] He is living in Greece since 1978.?

試題詳情

[正] He has lived in Greece since 1978.?

試題詳情

[正] He has been living in Greece since 1978.?

[析]

由since引出的狀語從句意為"自從"某時一直如何,主句要用完成時或完成進行時。 ?

[誤] She has been quite different since came back from America.?

[正] She has been quite different since coming back from America.?

[析] 分詞短語可以用在after, before, since等介詞后面。?

sleep ?

[誤] The boy was very asleep.?

[正] The boy was fast asleep.?

[析] 熟睡在英文中為fast asleep. 非正式英語中一般不常用He's sleeping. 而常講He's asleep. 其形容詞sleepy是"困倦的",如: I shall go to bed now. I'm so sleepy. "臥鋪"英國人講sleeping car,而美國人講sleeper.?

slow ?

[誤] Slow the door opened.?

[正] Slowly the door opened.?

[析] slow與slowly的用法與意思相同,在口語中和路標中多用slow,如: Tell him to drive slower. Slow, dangerous bend. 但是如果用在動詞前還是要用slowly.?

smile ?

[誤] She smiled to me.?

[正] She smiled at me.?

[析] "沖著某人笑"應為to smile at somebody.?

so ?

[誤] It is such beautiful a book that every child likes it.?

[正] It is such a beautiful book that every child likes it.?

[正] It is so beautiful a book that every child likes it.?

[析] 關于so與such用法的區(qū)別有四種情況: ① 用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前,其格式為"such+不定冠詞+形容詞+名詞",而"so+形容詞+不定冠詞"。② 用于可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前,只能用 such,如: It is such good weather that we want to go for a walk. They are such good students that they can pass the exam easily. ③ 在只有形容詞時只能用so,如: It is so good that I like it very much.④ 在many, much, few, little這四個詞前只能用so而不能用such。如: I have so little money that I can't buy the dictionary.?

[誤] He got up early so as he could catch the first bus.?

[正] He got up early so as to catch the first bus.?

[正] He got up early so that he could catch the first bus.?

[正] He got up so early that he could catch the first bus.?

some

?

[誤] Do you have some lessone to prepare??

[正] Do you have any lessons to prepare??

[析] 在疑問句或否定句中要用any; some多用在肯定句中,如: I have some money to buy it.?

在請求,或真心希望得到肯定答復時,在疑問句中也要用some,如: Would you like something to drink?即真心實意希望為對方提供飲料。又如: Could you lend me some money?即真心想要借到錢。?

sometime ?

[誤] I have sometime thought that I should like to live in the country.?

[正] I have sometimes thought that I should like to live in the country.?

sometime sometimes some times sometime ?

sometime為"某個時候"、"總有一天",如: We'll meet again sometime next year. 或過去的"某一時刻",如: I saw her sometime in July. sometimes為"有時候"、"時常"、"常常",如: Every man is a fool sometimes, and none at all times. Some times為"若干次",如: I visited America some times. May be five or seven times. I am not sure. Some time則是"一段時間"、"一些時候",如: I want to leave some time.?

soon ?

[誤] The room as soon as became crowded.?

[正] The room soon became crowded.?

[析] soon為"不久"、"很快",如: I'll be there very soon. 而as soon as意為"一……就……",如: As soon as I finished my homework I went out to play football.?

sound ?

[誤] The report sounds well.?

[正] The report sounds good.?

[析] sound作動詞時其后接形容詞而不接副詞,如: How sweet the music sounds!?

sport ?

[誤] Are you going to run in the school sprot??

[正] Are you going to run in the school sprots??

[析] sport用作可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時指具體的某項運動,如: Basketball is an indoor sport. 而在泛指"運動"或"運動會"時要用其復數(shù)形式sports.?

spring ?

[誤] I'll visit America in this spring.?

[正] I'll visit America in spring.?

[正] I'll visit America this spring.?

[析] 英語一年四季前如果有that, this, last, next等詞,則其前面不要再加介詞。這樣的用法還有周、月、年等。請看下面句子中的用法有何不同: He told me that she did it on the next day. 這時是指過去某一天的第二天,所以才有這種用法。如果以現(xiàn)在為時間基點的第二天應為I'll do it next day.?

start ?

[誤] What time will you start to San Francisco??

[正] What time will you start for San Francisco??

[析] start與leave一樣,其后接"for+目的地"。?

begin start ?

begin與start在很多場合下是一樣的意思,如: We started/began to study English two years ago. 但在如下場合則不能用begin: ① 作為"啟程"講,如: I think we ought to start at six. ② 表示"開始工作",如: The car won't start. (車子發(fā)動不起來。) ③ 作為"開動"、"啟動"講,如: Do you know how to start this machine.?

still ?

[誤] Oh, it is still raining now.?

[正] Oh, it is still raining.?

[析] 因still即包含有現(xiàn)在仍然如何,所以now是多余詞。?

still yet already ?

still一般與動詞連用,可放于句子中間用以說明過去開始的動作現(xiàn)在仍然在繼續(xù),特別用來表示我們希望它早點停止。如: I've been thinking for hours, but I still can't decide. yet一般放于句末,用在疑問句與否定句中。如: Has the postman come yet? already則與動詞連用,可放于句中表示某事的發(fā)生比預期的要早,如: I've already finished my homework.?

stop ?

[誤] When the teacher came into the classroom the students stopped to talk.?

[正] When the teacher came into the classroom the students stopped talking.?

[析] stop to do something是"停下來去做某事",而stop doing something是"停止做某事"。?

street ?

[誤] There is a narrow winding street from our village to the next one.?

[正] There is a narrow winding road from our village to the next one.?

[析] street一般指城市中兩旁有建筑物的"街道",而road多指鄉(xiāng)間的"路"。?

strict ?

[誤] You ought to be strict to him.?

[正] You ought to be strict with him.?

[析] be strict with是"對……嚴格的"。?

such ?

[誤] Do you want to have such a dictionary??

[正] Do you want to have such a good dictionary??

[正] Do you want to have a dictionary like that??

[析] such作加強語氣時一般是"such+(冠詞)形容詞+名詞",如: It's such a good book. 但如果名詞前沒有形容詞則要看其名詞是否具有"能顯示程度的含意",如: I've got such a headache. You are such fools!否則在such與名詞之間一定要有形容詞。?

sure ?

[誤] I am quite sure for that answer.?

[正] I am quite sure of that answer.?

[析] sure用于句中表示"對……事有確實把握"時應跟of或about,而不跟for,如: I'm sure about (of) his ability to control this machine.?

sweet ?

[誤] Honey tastes sweetly.?

[正] Honey tastes sweet.?

[析] sweet可以作為名詞,意為"糖果",是可數(shù)名詞,如: May I have a sweet?作形容詞,如: The child looked very sweet. 而sweetly為副詞,意為"甜美地"、"悅耳地"。要注意taste為感觀動詞,其后面要接形容詞而不是副詞。?

take ?

[誤] This year I want to take the driver's license.?

[正] This year I want to get the driver's license.?

[析] take可以作為動詞,意為"拿"、"取",如: I want to take my mail. 而要獲得某種證書、證明,要用get而不用take, take在學校范圍內(nèi)意為"參加"或"選修"某些課程,如: This term I want to take both French and Spanish.?

[誤] The accident was taken place at the street corner.?

[正] The accident took place at the street corner.?

[析] take place與happen一樣作為"發(fā)生"講時沒有被動語態(tài)。?

[誤] Do you take me as a fool??

[正] Do you take me for a fool??

[析] take…for…意為"以為是……"、"錯當作……"、"誤認為",而這一意思還可以用于I took you to be the best friend. (我把你認作是最好的朋友。)?

[誤] My English teacher was ill. Who will take place her??

[正] My English teacher was ill. Who will take the place of her??

[析] take the place of…意為"取代"。?

talk ?

[誤] Yesterday I met an old friend. We talked many things.?

[正] Yesterday I met an old friend. We taked about many things.?

[析] talk是不及物動詞。?

team ? [誤] Our team likes seeing film.?

[正] Our team like seeing film.?

[析] team與family,class等詞一樣,指整體時為單數(shù)名詞。如: Our team is excellent, 而指集體中的個體時要用作復數(shù)。?

than ?

[誤] They made fewer mistakes this term than they made last lerm.?

[正] They made fewer mistakes this term than they did last lerm.?

[析] 當一個動作在同一個句子中重復時,第二次要用do來代替,以避免重復。?

[誤] You make me do more then anybody I know.?

[正] You make me do more than anybody I know.?

[誤] I got into the restroom than someone knocked at the door.?

[正] I got into the rest room then someone knocked at the door.?

[析] than與then不要誤用。?

then ?

[誤] We went to the cinema, then went to a Chinese restaurant.?

[正] We went to the cinema, and then went to a Chinese restaurant.?

[正] We went to the cinema; then went to a Chinese restaurant.?

[析] then作"然后"講時,在then前應加分號而不用逗號,或加逗號用and then,但是如果是倒裝句則要用逗號,如: First come Tom, then Mary.?

think ?

[誤] I think you are not right.?

[正] I don't think you are right.?

[析] think在肯定句中與中文的習慣用法是一致的,如: I think you are right. 但在賓語從句是否定意思時,要否定think,如: I don't think you are right.?

[誤] I think he will come here, do I??

[正] I think he will come here, wont he??

[析] think加賓語從句時,反意疑問句的主語應用賓語從句中的主語,助動詞要用賓語從句中的助動詞,而肯定還是否定要看主句中的情況決定:如主句用肯定句,則反意疑問句用否定句,反之亦然。?

[誤] People think very high of his work.?

[正] People think very highly of his work.?

[析] think highly of為"對某人某事評價很高"。?

[誤] When we talk about Chinese people we always think the Yellow River.?

[正] When we talk about Chinese people we always think about the Yellow River.?

[析] think about意為"想起"、"想到"。?

thousand ?

[誤] He got thousand of books from a second?hand?book shop.?

[正] He got thousands of books from a second?hand?book shop.?

[析] 雖然two thousand, three thousand在thousand后都不加?s,但thousands of則為"數(shù)千",該結構中一定要加?s。?

through ?

[誤] I had a long distance call with John throught the telephone.?

[正] I had a long distance call with John on the telephone.?

[誤] It took us two hours to walk across the forest.?

[正] It took us two hours to walk through the forest.?

[析] across是表示在一平面上進行的動作,而through則是用在三維空間的動作。如: The river was frozen, so we could walk across it. I pushed through the crowds to the entrance.?

throw ?

[誤] He threw a stone to me.?

[正] He threw a stone at me.?

[析] "扔"這個詞表示方向時要注意他向我扔石頭是at me,我向他扔石頭則為to him,但throw at還有尋釁之意,如: Stop throwing stones at the cars. 這時不要誤用to.?

time ?

[誤] The doctor came on time so she was saved.?

[正] The doctor came in time so she was saved.?

[析] in time為"及時趕到",如: Do you think we can get there in time for the first act. 而on time 意為"準時",如: The train arrived on time.?

[誤] It is time we go home.?

[正] It is time we should go home.?

[正] It is time we went home.?

[析] "是該作某事的時候了",其句形為: ① It is time for somebody to do something. ② "It is time+從句",從句中用"should+動詞原形",或直接用動詞的過去式。?

[誤] Let's hurry. We haven't many times.?

[正] Let's hurry. We haven't much time.?

[誤] I have been to America two times.?

[正] I have been to America twice.?

[析] time作為"時間"講時為不可數(shù)名詞,而作為"次"講時則是可數(shù)名詞。但"一次"不是one time,而是once;"二次"不是two times,而是twice;"三次"則是three times.?

too ?

[誤] This box is too heavy to lift it.?

[正] This box is too heavy to lift.?

[析] 在too…to這一結構中,如果主語和不定式的賓語是一致的,則不要重復。?

[誤] The child is too young not to go to school.?

[正] The child is too young to go to school.?

[析] too…to這一結構用來表示"太……以致于不能……",但下面的句子則不能照此翻譯: I'm too glad to meet you. 應譯為"我見到你真太高興了"。?

[誤] There is much too noise.?

[正] There is too much noise.?

[析] "much too+形容詞",而"too much+不可數(shù)名詞"。?

[誤] You have bought too much tomatoes.?

[正] You have bought too many tomatoes.?

[析] too many后才加可數(shù)名詞。?

also as well too ?

這三個詞是近義詞,但其用法各有不同。其一,too和as well通常用于句末,如: She went to the cinema and her brother went too. 而also則不用于句末,如: I've also read her other novels. 其二,這三個詞都不用于否定句中,否定句中用not…either,或neither/nor…,如: He ?isn't? here either.?

trousers ?

[誤] My trouser is getting smaller and smaller.?

[正] My trousers are getting smaller and smaller.?

[析] 英語中trousers, pants, shorts(短褲),glasses(眼鏡)都要用復數(shù)形式。?

[誤] This pair of glasses are very good.?

[正] This pair of glasses is very good.?

[析] 有了量詞a pair of,其后的謂語動詞要與量詞相一致。如: two pairs of…的謂語動詞就要用復數(shù)。?

try ?

[誤] I tried to send her flowers but it didn't have any effect.?

[正] I tried sending her flowers but it didn't have any effect. (我試著給她送花,但沒有什么結果。)?

[誤] Please try understanding it.?

[正] Please try to understand it.?

[析] "try+動名詞"的意思是"試一試",或"做某事看看會發(fā)生什么情況",而"try+不定式"表示為達到目的要去做的事。?

?

under ?

[誤] The lake is two meters under sea level.?

[正] The lake is two meters below sea level.?

[析] under的意思是在某物的下面,而below=lower than, 即"低于"。?

[誤] Under the help of our teacher, all of us passed the exam.?

[正] With the help of our teacher, all of us passed the exam.?

understand ?

[誤] I think it is diffcult to make myself to understand.?

[正] I think it is diffcult to make myself understood.?

[析] 這句話的意思是"我想讓別人理解我太難了"。?

[誤] I am understanding the lesson now.?

[正] I understand the lesson now.?

[析] understand一詞沒有進行時態(tài)。類似的詞還有belong, find, hear, love, like等。?

until ?

[誤] We walked until the edge of the forest.?

[正] We walked as far as the edge of the forest.?

[誤] Our school bus can hold until twenty children.?

[正] Our school bus can hold up to twenty children.?

[析] until與till兩詞的意思一樣,但兩個詞都只能用于時間,如: I'll wait until I hear from you.?

[誤] I waited for my mother to seven o'clock, but she didn't come.?

[正] I waited for my mother until seven o'clock, but she didn't come.

[誤] Can you return this book until Monday??

[正] Can you return this book by Monday??

[析] 當我們談目前正在進行而將來某一時刻才停止的事件時用until,而用by來表達將來某一時刻會發(fā)生的動作。?

[誤] We arrived home until it became dark.?

[正] We didn't arrived home until it became dark.?

[析] until用于肯定句時表示"某動作直到……為止",如: They worked until 5∶00 P. M. 用于否定句中時意為"直到……才"。所以用于肯定句中要使用延續(xù)性動詞,但截止性動詞卻可以用在否定句中。?

upstairs ?

[誤] He went to upstairs.?

[正] He went upstairs.?

[析] upstairs一詞可用作副詞,如: We all hurried upstairs to see what happened. 也可用作名詞,如; The upstairs of the house needs painting. 同時也可以用作形容詞,如: A house with three upstairs rooms is quite good.?

use ?

[誤] It is no use to ask her.?

[正] It is no use asking her.?

[析] It is no use…與There is no use…后通常用動名詞,而不用不定式。?

[誤] I'll get used to treat the students this way.?

[正] I'll get used to treating the students this way.?

[析] be used to與get used to后要接動名詞表示"習慣于"做某事。?

[誤] I used to getting up early in the morning.?

[正] I used to get up early in the morning.?

[析] used to表示過去習慣的動作,其后要加動詞原形。?

[誤] Oil was used to cooking.?

[正] Oil was used to cook.?

[析] 這里的句型雖然也是be used to但這里不是主動態(tài),而是被動態(tài),所以不能接動名詞而應接不定式。?

[誤] We used to go to the Great Wall three times.?

[正] We went to the Great Wall three times.?

[析] used to只能用來表示一種習慣,而不能用來表達某事發(fā)生的次數(shù)。?

 

?

very ?

[誤] Thank you indeed.?

[正] Thank you very much indeed.?

[析] indeed用來修飾very much, 但要放其后面,而且也不要單獨使用。?

[誤] The baby was very asleep.?

[正] The baby was fast asleep.?

[析] 不是所有的形容詞都可以用very來修飾,如: I'm wide awake. (我全醒了。)再如: all alone(十分孤獨),much afraid等。?

[誤] The thing seems to be very improved.?

[正] The thing seems to be much improved.?

[析] 有些語法書講very修飾現(xiàn)在分詞,而much修飾過去分詞,這要分別對待。如果過去分詞是指一個具體的動作,而且是句中主要動詞的一部分就必須用much,而某些形容詞化的過去分詞,還是要用very來修飾的,如: I am very tired.?

[誤] There is very less water in the river than usual.?

[正] There is much/far less water in the river than usual.?

[析] very不能修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級,而要用far, much等來修飾。?

 

 

wait ?

[誤] Tomorrow I will wait you at the bus stop.?

[正] Tomorrow I will wait for you at the bus stop.?

[析] wait是不及物動詞,"等人"要用wait for somebody;而wait up為"不睡覺等候某事",如: I'll wait up tonight.?

walk ?

[誤] I think she went a walk yesterday.?

[正] I think she went out for a walk yesterday.?

[析] 散步在英文中要講have a walk, take a walk.如果用go要用go for a walk.?

want ?

[誤] The flowers want to water.?

[正] The flowers want watering.?

[析] want在這里作為"需要"講,其后加動名詞。這句話的意思是"這花需要澆水。"?

[誤] Do you want someone go along with you??

[正] Do you want someone to go along with you??

[析] want somebody to do something為一固定用法。?

wash ?

[誤] Are you going to mak washing this weekend??

[正] Are you going to do washing this weekend??

[析] do washing為"洗衣服",是固定搭配。?

watch ?

[誤] Your watch is what time??

[正] What time is it by your watch??

[析] 一定要記住英文的習慣用法。?

[誤] The mother want to watch the children to play on the grass.?

[正] The mother want to watch the children play (playing) on the grass.?

[析] watch的用法同see, hear等詞。?

way ?

[誤] Please move the chair, it is on the way.?

[正] Please move the chair, it is in the way.?

[析] in the way 為"擋道",而on the way為"在路上",如: on my way home (在回家路上),on his way to the station(在他去火車站的路上)。而by the way是"順便說",如: By the way, have you heard from Joan recently??

[誤] The students were on their way to home.?

[正] The students were on their way home.?

[析] home在這里為副詞。?

wear ?

[誤] The little girl is old enough to wear herself.?

[正] The little girl is old enough to dress herself.?

[析] wear后接衣物而不接反身代詞。?

what ?

[誤] I want to know what to do it??

[正] I want to know what to do?? [誤] I want to know how to do??

[正] I want to know how to do it??

[析] what是疑問代詞,而how是疑問副詞。要注意它們用法的不同。?

when ?

[誤] I'd cook you nice meal when you'd come home in the evening.?

[正] I'd cook you nice meal when you came home in the evening.?

[析] 在when引導的狀語從句中,要用一般時表示將來,即主句中是將來時,從句中應用一般現(xiàn)在時,如主句中是過去將來時,從句中應用一般過去時。如: I'll be back when you come back from school.?

[誤] When in the second grade, his mother bought him a bike.?

[正] When Tom was in the second grade, his mother bought him a bike.?

[析] 復合句中只有當主句的主語與從句的主語一致的情況下,才有可能省略,如: When young he had to work all day.?

[誤] We'll go to the park when it doesn't rain tomorrow. ?

[正] We'll go to the park if it doesn't rain tomorrow.?

[析] if用來表示不能肯定的事如果發(fā)生會如何;而when用來表示肯定會發(fā)生或很可能會發(fā)生的事情,如: I'll see you in September when I come back.? [誤] I don't know when he comes home tomorrow.?

[正] I don't know when he will come home tomorrow.?

[析] when所引出的賓語從句如果是表示將來的動作要用將來時,而不是像時間狀語從句中用一般時表示將來。

where ?

[誤] I don't know where to go to.?

[正] I don't know where to go.?

[析] where是疑問副詞。?

whether ?

[誤] It is unknown if he will come.?

[正] It is unknown whether he will come.?

[析] if不能引導主語從句。上句中it是形式主語,其后的從句才是真正的主語從句。要注意以下各種情況不宜用if而要用whether: ?

① I didn't know whether you'll go or not. (因句中有or not選項。)?

② He didn't know whether to visit the old man. (因用于不定式前。)?

③ I'm interested in whether he'll go. (因作介詞的賓語從句。)?

④ I want to know the news whether our team will win. (同位語從句。)?

⑤ Let me know whether you can come. (此句如用if則含意有所不同,其意就變?yōu)?quot;如果你能來請通知我"。而用whether則意為"讓我知道你是否能來"。)?

who ?

[誤] Whom do you think would like to come for a game of football??

[正] Who do you think would like to come for a game of football??

[析] 在這個句式中"do you think"應看作插入語,所以原句應為Who would like to come for a game of football??

[誤] From who was the gift??

[正] From whom was the gift??

[正] Who was that gift from??

[析] 在句首時現(xiàn)代英語常用who取代whom,而在緊跟介詞時則不能用who來取代whom.?

why ?

[誤] Why not to go to the park??

[正] Why not go to the park??

[析] why not后面接不帶to的不定式,也可以用why don't you go with her??

win ?

[誤] We have won your class.?

[正] We have beaten your class.?

[析] win 是及物動詞,其后的賓語應是比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎品、獎金,如: Which team won the football match?而beat是指"打敗"對手、敵人,如: My brother beat me at poker. (請注意,beat是不規(guī)則動詞,其過去式與原形相同,而過去分詞為beaten. )?

wish ?

[誤] I hope you to be a good student.?

[正] I wish you to be a good student.?

[析] hope不能加賓語再加賓語補足語,而wish則可以,如: I wish you luck. (我祝你走運。)?

without ?

[誤] I can't do this work well without you help me.?

[正] I can't do this work well without your help.?

[析] without其后接動名詞或名詞而不接從句。?

work ?

[誤] This girl is looking for a work at the bank.?

[正] This girl is looking for a job at the bank.?

[析] "找工作"一般應為to find a job,而works作為"工作"講為不可數(shù)名詞,不能加不定冠詞,也不可用復數(shù)。當work作為"作品"、"著作"講時,為可數(shù)名詞,如: This painting is one of his great works. 而works作為"工廠"講時單復數(shù)形式相同,如:an iron works或two iron works. 作主語時其謂語動詞可用單數(shù),如: The steel works is closed for the holidays.?

write ?

[誤] You may write with ink.?

[正] You may write in ink.?

[正] You may write with a pen.?

[析] "用……寫"這一表達法要看用的是什么: 如果用鋼筆則應用with, 如: Please fill in this form with a pen. 但講用墨水時則要用in.?

yesterday ?

[誤] I came across my old friend yesterday night.?

[正] I came across my old friend last night.?

[析] "昨晚"應譯為last night.

 

 

 

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