［誤］ -What grade are you in??-I'm in grade 1. ?

［正］ -What grade are you in??-I'm in Gread 1. ?

［析］ 當泛指那一年級時grade的頭一個字母小寫，當有具體數(shù)字時則要大寫。?

had better ?

［誤］ You have better hurry.?

［正］ You had better hurry.?

［析］ had better只用過去時had，不要誤用成現(xiàn)在時have。?

［誤］ You hadn't better worry.?

［正］ You had better not worry.?

［析］ had better后面加不帶to的不定式，其否定式是"had better not+動詞原形"。?

half ?

［誤］ I had driven about half mile.?

［正］ I had driven about half a mile.?

［析］ "半小時"有兩種講法half an hour, a half hour. 而"一個半小時"應講an hour and a half或one and a half hours."半天"應講half a day，"半鎊"應講half a pound.但要盡量避免使用half a year，而應用six months；不用half a month, 而用two weeks或fifteen days.?

［誤］ Half us could go to the park.?

［正］ Half of us could go to the park.?

［析］ half用于名詞前可用of結構也可不用of結構，但用于代詞前則必須加of。如：More than half (of) my classmates are boys.?

［誤］ One and half apples are left on the table.?

［正］ One and half apples is left on the table.?

［析］ 一個半one and half后面的名詞要用復數(shù)，而句中的謂語動詞卻要用單數(shù)。?

［誤］ Half of the work are done.?

［正］ Half of the work is done.?

［誤］ Half of the six apples is red.?

［正］ Half of the six apples are red.?

［析］ "half of+名詞"這一結構后面的謂語動詞應與of后面的名詞相一致，如為不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，要用單數(shù)謂語動詞；而復數(shù)名詞后面要加與復數(shù)相對應的謂語動詞。?

hand ?

［誤］ He shook hand with his teacher.?

［正］ He shook hands with his teacher.?

［析］ 與某人握手要用shake hands. 與hand有關的詞組中有很多要用復數(shù)形式，如：change hands (轉手、易手)，in the hands of (由……控制)，join hands (與人合作)。?

happen ?

［誤］ What was happened to you last month??

［正］ What happened to you last month??

［誤］ An accident was happened in this street last night.?

［正］ An accident happened in this street last night.?

［析］ 在英語中不及物動詞沒有被動態(tài)，作為"發(fā)生"講的happen，take place和break out都不具有被動態(tài)。happen to常用來表達一件偶然發(fā)生的事，如：If you happen to meet my sister please ask her to call me.?

hard ?

［誤］ I have to study hardly.?

［正］ I have to study hard.?

［析］ hard是形容詞，如：a hard work，但它同時也是副詞。hardly是hard的又一副詞形式，但詞意截然不同，意為"幾乎不"。?

［誤］ I had my leg broken last term， so I couldn't hardly study at all.?

［正］ I had my leg broken last term so I hardly studied at all.?

［析］ hardly意為"否定"，所以不要再加否定詞語了，如果hardly用于句首則應采用倒裝語序，如：Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.?

have ?

［誤］ I had my boy do his homework from morning till noon.?

［正］ I had my boy doing his homework from morning till noon.?

［析］ 用have somebody do something還是doing something要取決句子的意思和句中的時間狀語。?

［誤］ I have my bike to repair.?

［正］ I have my bike repaired.?

［析］ have something done這一句型是讓某事被別人去作，請看下面兩句意義的不同：I have repaired my bike. (我自己已修好了自行車。)而I have my bike repaired.(我把車推出去讓別人修理了。)?

［誤］ Could you give me some money if you have.?

［正］ Could you give me some money if you have any.?

［析］ "如果你有的話"一句譯為英文應加上any一詞，如：I want some books if there is any.?

headache ?

［誤］ I've got headache.?

［正］ I've got a headache.?

［析］ Headache是一個規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞，所以可以講：My mother often gets headaches. 但是"牙痛"toothache，"肚子痛"stomache?ache等卻都可以用作不可數(shù)名詞，如：I've got toothache. 但也可用作可數(shù)名詞。?

hear ?

［誤］ He was heard sing in the next room.?

［正］ He was heard to sing in the next room.?

［析］ hear somebody do something這一句式用于被動語態(tài)時要把原來省略的不定式to還原回來。而在hear somebody doing something這一句式中則不會出現(xiàn)上述問題。如，主動態(tài)：I heard her singing in the next room. 變?yōu)楸粍討B(tài)時為：She was heard singing in the next room. 這種用法還適用于see, look, observe, watch, notice, listen to等。?

hear listen to ?

hear一詞為聽見了什么，或聽到什么，強調其結果；而listen to則強調有意要聽，聽的傾向。如：I want to listen to you, but I hear nothing.?

但詞組hear about (of)則為"聽說過"之意，如：I heard about this. (我聽說過此事。)而hear from則為"收到某人信件"之意：I often hear from my girl friend.?

help ?

［誤］ Please help my homework.?

［正］ Please help me do my homework.?

［正］ Please help me with my homework.?

［析］ help其句型是help somebody do (to do) something. 意為"幫某人作某事"，但在較古老的語法中不帶to的不定式表示句子的主語參加這個動作，如：He help his mother cook the meal. 即"他和母親一起作飯。"而He help me to do my homework. 則是"他指導我做作業(yè)"。但在現(xiàn)代英語中這個區(qū)別則往往被取消了。所以帶to與不帶to的不定式在句中意思相同，并無區(qū)別。?

［誤］ When I read the play I can't help to think of my childhood.?

［正］ When I read the play I can't help thinking of my childhood.?

［析］ can't help doing something是"身不由己，情不自禁做某事"。?

［誤］ Help yourself with some cakes.?

［正］ Help yourself to some cakes.?

［析］ 中文中講"你自己拿蛋糕吃"，英文中要用help somebody to something.?

here ?

［誤］ Here the bus comes!?

［正］ Here comes the bus!?

［析］ 副詞在句首時一般要用倒裝語序，即謂語動詞的位置前移。但是，若主語如是人稱代詞，則還是要用正常語序，如：Here we are!?

high ?

［誤］ He is very high.?

［正］ He is very tall.?

［析］ 英語中的兩個"高"high和tall，其中tall指人指物都是可以的，但high則只指物體的高，所以可以講This building is the highest building in the city.但tall一般不用來指山脈的高低。?

hit ?

［誤］ The mother got angry and hit the boy.?

［正］ The mother got angry and beat the boy.?

［析］ hit指打到某物之上，一般指一次性打擊，如He hit his head against the wall.(他把頭撞到了墻上。)而beat則指多次性的打擊。?

home ?

［誤］ I'm tired. It's time I went to home.?

［正］ I'm tired. It's time I went home.?

［析］ home此處用作副詞，所以不應加to，又如：I arrived home at eleven thirty yesterday evening.而at home除了"在家"之意外，還有像"在家里一樣"之意。如Make yourself at home.(不要拘束就像在家一樣。)?

home house family ?

home是指與親人一起居住的地方，可以講a letter from home，所以有人解釋home包括住處和家人。而house的側重點則在建筑物，如Many new houses were built this year. family一詞，作為整體講其謂語動詞用單數(shù)，如：Her family is a happy one.而作為家庭成員講時要用復數(shù)謂語動詞，如：My family are all like swimming.?

homgwork ?

［誤］ I have so many homework to do today.?

［正］ I have so much homework go do today.?

［析］ homework為不可數(shù)名詞。同樣的詞還有work(work作為"著作"、"作品"、"工廠"講時為可數(shù)名詞)，fun，health information等。?

hope ?

［誤］ I hope you to be a good student.?

［正］ I hope you will be a good student.?

［析］ hope一詞不能接賓語再加上賓語補足語，但它可以接不定式作賓語，如：I hope to be a scientist.而wish卻可以接賓語加賓語補足語，如：I wish you to be a good student.

［誤］ I don't hope you will go to the park tomorrow.?

［正］ I hope you won't go to the park tomorrow.?

［析］ hope 和think在否定句中的用法不同，如"我認為你錯了"。應譯為：I don't think you are right.即否定在前。而hope則不能這樣用。又如在答語中"我不這樣認為"應譯為I don't think so.或I hope not. ?

［誤］ I hope your help.?

［正］ I hope for your help.?

［析］ hope for為"期望某事發(fā)生"，雖然hope是及物動詞，但表達期望某事情發(fā)生要用"hope for+名詞"這一結構。?

［誤］ I was hopeful to pass the exam.?

［正］ I was hopeful of passing the exam.?

［析］ 對某事存有希望應用"hopeful of (about)+介詞賓語"這一結構。?

hospital ?

［誤］ My mother was in the hospital for two weeks.?

［正］ My mother was in hospital for two weeks.?

［析］ in hospital為"住院就醫(yī)"。而in (at) the hospital 為"在醫(yī)院(工作)"。如：He is a doctor in (at) the hospital.類似的用法還有很多，如："上學"為go to school，at school為"在校就讀"，go to bed為"上床睡覺"。?

how ?

［誤］ I want to know how to do.?

［正］ I want to know how to do it.?

［析］ how 是關聯(lián)副詞，要注意與關聯(lián)代詞的不同用法。如：I want to know what to do.

［誤］ How do you think about it??

［正］ What do you think about it??

［析］ 英文中表達你對某事的看法如何應用What do you think about…這一句式。?

hurry ?

［誤］ Let's hurry. There is a little time left.?

［正］ Let's hurry. There is little time left.?

［誤］ Don't worry. There is little time left.?

［正］ Don't worry. There is a little time left.?

［析］ 請注意英語中的慣用法："快點吧，沒時間了"，或"別著急還有一點時間。"?

［誤］ The car is hurrying through the street.?

［正］ The car is rushing throught the street.?

［析］ hurry一詞只用于人而不用于物體。?

hundred ?

［誤］ There are two hundreds people here.?

［正］ There are two hundred people here.?

［誤］ There are hundred of people here.?

［正］ There are hundreds of people here.?

［析］ hundred一詞前如有數(shù)字時不論多少其后都不加?s，這和thousand(千)等數(shù)量詞的用法一樣，而hundreds of是數(shù)百的，這一詞組一定要加?s.?

hurt ?

［誤］ I don't want to wound her feelings.?

［正］ I don't want to hurt her feelings.?

［析］ wound是指戰(zhàn)場上的刀槍傷(名詞)，或用刀槍"傷害"、"打傷"(動詞)。

if ?

［誤］ If it will rain I won't go to school tomorrow.?

［正］ If it rains I won't go to school tomorrow.?

［析］ 由if引起的狀語從句要用一般時表示將來。?

［誤］ I want to know if he comes here tomorrow.?

［正］ I want to know if he will come here tomorrow.?

［析］ if所引起的如果是賓語從句則不能用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。?

［誤］ I want to know if it will rain tomorrow he will come or not.?

［正］ I want to know if it rains tomorrow he will come or not.?

［析］ 這里的if從句是整個賓語從句的條件狀語，所以，還應用一般時表示將來。?

ill ?

［誤］ He spent many years looking after his ill father.?

［正］ He spent many years looking after his sick father.?

［析］ ill和sick都可以作表語，如： I'm ill (sick). 美國英語中常用sick， 而英國英語中兩者都可用，但ill一般不作定語。?

in ?

［誤］ In a cold morning, I went to school alone.?

［正］ On a cold morning, I went to school alone.?

［析］ 在in the morning或in the afternoon詞組中，不論在這兩個名詞的前或后加任何修飾詞，其介詞in都要變?yōu)閛n.?

［誤］ I will finish it after two days.?

［正］ I will finish it in two days.?

［析］ 中文中幾天以后可以完成，或幾天后來取，在譯為英文時都不要用after，而要用in.如： He will be back in a few days.?

in into ?

作為副詞應用in，而不能用into，如： Come in, please. 又若在句中不涉及到動詞的位置，只是表達空間的位置時用in，如： The teacher in the office is my mother. 但在go, run, come, walk, dive等詞后則要用into. 如： She dives into the river.?

instead ?

［誤］ The boy stayed in bed all day instead to go to school.?

［正］ The boy stayed in bed all day instead of going to school.?

［析］ instead of其后要接動名詞、名詞或代詞，而不能用不定式，如： I choose this book instead of that one.?

［誤］ The beer here is not good, so I drink wine instead of it.?

［正］ The beer here is not good, so I drink wine instead.?

［析］ instead是副詞，而instead of是介詞短語。如： If you are not free, you may come another day instead.?

interest ?

［誤］ He has a great interest for physics.?

［正］ He has a great interest in physics.?

［誤］ He has some interest in many companies.?

［正］ He has some interests in many companies.?

［析］ interest作為"興趣"講可用作不可數(shù)名詞，但作為"利息"、"股份"講時為可數(shù)名詞。?

［誤］ This is an interested book.?

［正］ This is an interesting book.?

［析］ 修飾物時應用interesting, 如，an interesting film，而講某人對某事感興趣時要用過去分詞interested，如： I'm interested in this play. 但"他是一個十分有趣的人"。應譯為He is an interesting man. 所以interesting是"令人感興趣"之意，而interested則表示某人對某事物感興趣，多用"be interested in something"這一句型。?

invent ?

［誤］ America was invented by Christopher Columbus in 1492.?

［正］ America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492.?

［析］ invent意為"發(fā)明"即從無到有，如： Compass was invented by the Chinese people. 而discover則意為"發(fā)現(xiàn)"。?

it ?

［誤］ That takes me ten years to finish this work.?

［正］ It takes me ten years to finish this work.?

［析］ it在這個句中的語法作用是形式主語，而真正的主語是句子后面的不定式。有的句子要用it作形式主語或形式賓語，如： I think it difficult to learn English well.?

join ?

［誤］ Did you attend the football club??

［正］ Did you join the football club??

［析］ join經(jīng)常用于參加某個團體、政黨，并作為其中的一個成員；attend則重點強調出會議、到場，而不一定進行具體活動，如： Did you attend the meeting yesterday?而take part in則強調參與某些具體活動或運動，如： I take part in the football game.

?

just ?

［誤］ I have finished my work just now.?

［正］ I finished my work just now.?

［析］ just now意義"剛才"，所以句中的謂語動詞要用過去式。?

［誤］ Just I won the game.?

［正］ I just won the game.?

［析］ just單獨使用時不應放在句首，而應放于① be動詞之后，如： He is just a student.② 名詞與一般動詞之間。③ 用在第一助動詞之后，如： I have just returned home. 但just與其他詞組成詞組時，如just now, just then, 則可用于句首和句尾。如： Just then he saw the bus coming.?

just justly ?

just常用于三種含意： ① 恰好，如： It's just five o'clock. ② 僅僅，相當于only, 如： I have just enough money to buy a dictionary. ③ 不久前，如： I just missed my old friend; He left a few minutes ago. 而justly其意為"公正的"，如： He was justly punished for his crimes.?

keep ?

［誤］ She was keeping something to her father.?

［正］ She was keeping something from her father.?

［析］ "對某人隱瞞某事"要用"keep something from somebody"句型。?

［誤］ He kept to repeat the word again and again.?

［正］ He kept repeating the word again and again.?

［析］ keep doing something為連續(xù)不斷地做某事。有時可以與keep on doing something互換。它們的區(qū)別在于keep doing something意為該動作一直不停地在進行中，如： When the train started, she kept waving her hand. 而keep on doing something則表示該動作可能停停頓頓但卻一直在進行中，如： He kept on making the same mistakes in grammar.

［誤］ We must keep up the times.?

［正］ We must keep up with the times.?

［析］ 這句話意為"我們必須趕上時代"，keep up with是"趕上"之意，而keep up則是"堅持下去"的意思，如： Keep it up, don't stop now!?

key ?

［誤］ I lost the key of the door.?

［正］ I lost the key to the door.?

［析］ 英語中講某某的東西一般要用of，而key, entrance, answer則多用to，如："門的鑰匙"為key to the door, "高速公路入口"為entrance to the highway, "問題的答案"為the answer (key) to the question.?

kind ?

［誤］ This kind of books are not good.?

［正］ This kind of books is not good.?

［析］ kind在這種句式中應作為主語，如果講Those kinds of books are very good. 則是正確的。?

kind sort type ?

kind和sort為同義詞，意為"種類"，而type則為"型號"，如： What type of this car do you want?(你想要這種車的什么型號?)?

knock ?

［誤］ Someone was knocking the door.?

［正］ Someone was knocking at the door.?

［析］ knock雖可以作及物動詞，如： The car knocked a hole in the fence. 但作"敲門"講一定要用作不及物動詞： knock at (on) the door.?

know ?

［誤］ I want to know to play this game.?

［正］ I want to know how to play this game.?

［析］ 要注意英語中在不定式前加疑問代詞或疑問副詞的用法。如：I want to know how to do it / what to do / when to do it / where to go.?

know know of ?

I know him.為"我很了解他。"而I know of him. 則為"我聽說過他。"同樣的用法還有hear和hear of這一詞組。?

?

large ?

［誤］ He found a large number of mistake in his homework.?

［正］ He found a large number of mistakes in his homework.?

［析］ "a large number of + 復數(shù)名詞"，意為大量的。?

last ?

［誤］ This is the newest news.?

［正］ This is the latest news.?

［析］ "最新消息"應為latest news，因為最晚到的新聞才是最新消息，請注意英語與漢語的區(qū)別。?

last the last ?

［誤］ I saw my brother the last week.?

［正］ I saw my brother last week.?

［析］ 當談到與目前有關的上月、上星期等概念時只能用last month, last week, 而不能加定冠詞，the last 可用于表示一系列詞的最后一個，如： That was the last Christmas I spent at home. 但the last可以用來表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一個長時期，如： I am busy for the last week.?

late ?

［誤］ Yesterday I went home lately.?

［正］ Yesterday I went home late.?

［析］ late即可做形容詞又可作副詞；而lately則意為"最近的"，如： I haven't seen her lately.?

late latter later lately ?

late有兩個比較級，指時間較晚應用later，如口語中常講： See you later. (一會見。)而latter則指按順序講的后者，或靠后的，其反意詞為former，如： the former president(前總統(tǒng))。又如： I can understand the latter part of the story. 而lately則意為"近來"、"不久前"。?laughed at by his classmates. 中的at是不可省掉的。?laugh over 則指"笑著談論"某事，如 We laugh over the film. (我們笑著談論那個電影。)?

lay ?

［誤］ We lied on the beach.?

［正］ We lay on the beach.?

［析］ 英文中有三個動詞易混，在考試中也頻頻出現(xiàn)，它們的現(xiàn)在式，過去式，過去分詞以及現(xiàn)在分詞是： ?

lay (?vt?. 放) laid laid laying?

lie(?vi?. 躺) lay lain cying?

lie(?vi?. 說謊) lied lied lying?

learn ?

［誤］ The teacher said："You must study this poem by heart."?

［正］ The teacher said："You must learn this poem by heart."?

［析］ study與learn在作"學習"講時，常�？梢曰�換，但learn側重于學習成果或初級階段的模仿性學習，如：The little baby is learning to walk. 而study則多側重于學習的過程，如： I'm studying at this college. 而learn…by heart則是"記住"、"背誦"之意。?

leave ?

［誤］ I'll leave Beijing to Shanghai.?

［正］ I'll leave Beijing for Shanghai.?

［析］ leave for一詞組為"去某地"，如對話中常講I'll leave for Shanghai. 因所離開的地點是雙方都知道的則可以省略。?

leave forget ?

［誤］ I've forgotten my homework at home.?

［正］ I've forgotten my homework.?

［正］ I've left my homework at home.?

［析］ 如果句中有地點狀語則不要用forget, 而要用leave.?

lesson ?

［誤］ I have two lessons of English.?

［正］ I have two English lessons.?

［正］ I have two lessons in English.?

［析］ "我有兩節(jié)英語課。"這一表達法如上，但美國老師講他有兩節(jié)課時則多用"I have two classes."?teach somebody a lesson 為"教訓某人"，或"要吸取教訓"，如： Let this thing teaches you a lesson.?

lend ?

［誤］ Please borrow me your bike.?

［正］ Please lend me your bike.?

［析］ borrow是指"借入"，如： I want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是"借出"，如： I can lend you my bike. 而keep為"借多久"： 如 How long can I keep it??

less ?

［誤］ He has fewer money than she has.?

［正］ He has less money than she has.?

［析］ less是little的比較級，而fewer是few的比較級。要注意前者修飾不可數(shù)名詞，而后者修飾可數(shù)名詞。?

let ?

［誤］ The teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

［正］ The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

［析］ 雖然let, have, make有相同的用法，但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。

［誤］ Let's go to the park, will you??

［正］ Let's go to the park, shall we??

［誤］ Let us go to the park, shall we??

［正］ Let us go to the park, will you??

［析］ Let's go的反意疑問句是shall we?而Let us go的反意疑問句則是will you??

life ?

［誤］ Many people lost their life in the Second World War.?

［正］ Many People lost their lives in the Second World War.?

［析］ life作為"生命"、"性命"時應為可數(shù)名詞；當泛指一般"生活"講時則為不可數(shù)名詞，如： Which do you prefer, town life or country life? 又如： Life is not all fun.?

light ?

［誤］ There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.?

［正］ There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.?

［析］ light有兩個過去分詞： lighted和lit，當用過去分詞作形容詞當定語時只能用lighted.?light可以用作名詞，如： The moon gets its light from the sun. 也可以作形容詞，如： The classroom is very light. 還可以作動詞，如： The little girl lit a match. 作形容詞時還有"輕"、"淺"等意，如： This box is light. I like light blue.?

like ?

［誤］ My sister is very as me.?

［正］ My sister is very like me.?

［析］ as 作為連詞其后要接從句，如： She is a good student as his brother used to be. 而like是介詞，其后接賓語。?

［誤］ Do you like swimming with me tonight.?

［正］ Would you like to swim with me tonight.?

［析］ like作為動詞當"喜歡"講時，其后面可接不定式也可接動名詞，用不定式多表達一個一次性的動作，如： I'm sorry I don't like to go swimming tonight. 用動名詞則表示一個習慣性的動作，如： I like swimming very much.?

like alike ?

作為形容詞，alike 一般不作定語，而只作表語，如； The twins are very alike.?

［誤］ Would you like swimming with us??

［正］ Would you like to swim with us??

［析］ 在would you like…這一句型中，其后面只能接不定式，而不能接動名詞。?like的用法還要注意以下兩點： ① He likes Tom. 為"他喜歡湯姆。"② He is like Tom. 為"他像湯姆。"第二句話的like為介詞，而第一句話的like為動詞。?

listen ?

［誤］ You should hear the teahcer's advice.?

［正］ You should listen to the teacher's advice.?

［析］ hear多側重于聽到某事或某種聲音，而listen to則側重于聽的傾向性。如： We listen but hear nothing. 例句為"聽取某人意見"，所以只能用listen to someone's advice.?

little ?

［誤］ Don't worry, there is little time.?

［正］ Don't worry, there is a little time.?

［誤］ There is a little water. Shall I get some??

［正］ There is little water. Shall I get some??

［析］ 要注意中英文在同一問題上的表達法是不同的。如中文"水不多了，我去取點吧。"英文要講"沒水了，我去取點吧。"?

little small ?

little與small是近義詞，在作定語時常�？梢曰�換，如： a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表語，如： The car over there is small. 一句中不要用little. 作定語時little常常帶有感情色彩，而small則帶有對比的含義。?

live ?

［誤］ Tom lives with his parents' money.?

［正］ Tom lives on his parents' money.?

［誤］ He lives on teaching.?

［正］ He lives by teaching.?

［析］ "靠吃某物為生"應用live on something, 而live by是"靠某種生活手段為生"。?

living alive ?

living側重于生活得很好，身體不錯，如： My grandfather is still living in his eighties. 而alive則強調沒有死而是活著的，如： Is that cat alive or dead??

lonely ?

［誤］ She wanted to do her homework lonely.?

［正］ She wanted to do her homework alone.?

［析］ lonely意為"寂寞的"、"孤單的"，如： The old man felt lonely. alone則意為"獨自的"、"單獨的"，如： He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.

?

long ?

［誤］ I have been studying long for the exam.?

［正］ I have been studying for a long time for the exam.?

［析］ long用作表達時間的副詞時，在否定句及疑問句中最常用，但在肯定句中除與so, too, as…as連用外，一般要用for a long time.?

［誤］ I'll call you as long as the book will be returned.?

［正］ I'll call you as long as the book is returned.?

［析］ as…as引導的狀語從句中可以用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。?

［誤］ How long do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

［正］ How often do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

［析］ 因為答語為每周一次所以問的是頻率，要用how often.

?

look ?

look for find ?

look for 側重于 "尋找"這個動作，如： What are you looking for? 而find則側重于結果，如： It is very difficult to find a job. 這里不能用look for，因為真正困難的是"找到"工作。?

其他用法還有：?

［例］ He often looks back on his high?school days.?

［析］ look back on something 為"回顧"、"回想"。?

［例］ I wish you wouldn't look down on (upon) the children's work.?

［析］ look down on (upon) 為"看不起"某人或某事。?

［誤］ I'm looking forward to see you.?

［正］ I'm looking forward to seeing you.?

［析］ look forward to詞組中的to是介詞，所以其后要加名詞或動名詞，不能接不定式。?

lot ?

［誤］ I can buy this dictionary now, because I have got much money.?

［正］ I can buy this dictionary now because I have got a lot of money.?

［析］ much money多用于疑問句與否定句中，而在肯定句中要用a lot of.?lots of與a lot of之間無多大區(qū)別，兩者都可以修飾可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞，所以常�？梢曰�換。?

［誤］ He is more happier now.?

［正］ He is a lot happier now.?

［析］ 不可用more來修飾比較級，能修飾比較級的詞有very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit等。?

loud loudly ?

這兩個詞含意相同，在日常用語中l(wèi)oud多與talk，speak, shout, laugh等動詞連用，如：Don't speak so loud， you'll wake the baby. 而在比較正式的場合才用loudly.?

loud aloud ?

loud多指把聲音放大，而aloud則指要出聲不要默讀。如：?-What did you say??-Oh, nothing, I was just think aloud. (我只不過自言自語。)?

make ?

［誤］ The little boy was made repeat the whole story.?

［正］ The little boy was made to repeat the whole story.?

［誤］ The father made his son to do his homework from morning till night.?

［正］ The father made his son do his homework from morning till night.?

［析］ make 的句型為"make somebody do (doing) something".但在被動語態(tài)中原來被省去的不定式符號to要被還原回來。?

［誤］ I always do this mistake.?

［正］ I always make this mistake.?

［析］ 英語中do和make是十分不易弄清的兩個動詞，do常用于談論工作時或某種不確定的活動時，如： do a favour(幫個忙)，do one's best(竭盡全力)，do good(有益)， do harm(有害)，而多數(shù)情況下常用make, 如： make a suggestion, make a cake, make a bed(收拾床)，make a noise, make money等等。?

［誤］ This wine was made of grapes.?

［正］ This wine was made from grapes.?

［析］ 當成品制成后，其原料的性質有所改變時應用make from，否則用make of， 如： This door was made of iron.?

［誤］ Hard work can often make up a lack of intelligence.?

［正］ Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.?

［析］ make up是"創(chuàng)造"、"編織"，而make up for是"彌補……的不足之處"。上句應譯為"勤奮工作可以彌補天資的不足。"?

［誤］ We made up our mind to study hard.?

［正］ We made up our minds to study hard.?

［析］ mind這里是可數(shù)名詞，使用時要特別予以注意make up one's mind是"下定決心"之意。?

［誤］ Our class is made of twenty girls and twenty?one boys.?

［正］ Our class is made up of twenty girls and twenty?one boys.?

［析］ make up of…是"某物由……組成或構成"。?

many ?

［誤］ I have many friends.?

［正］ I have a lot of friends.?

［析］ many和much多用于疑問句或否定句中，而在肯定句中則用處不多，尤其在非正式談話中。如：?

-How much money have you got??

-I've got plenty.?

［誤］ You bought much too tomatoes.?

［正］ You bought too many tomatoes.?

［析］ too many后接可數(shù)名詞，too much后接不可數(shù)名詞，而much too后面接形容詞，意為"太多"。?

［誤］ For many a weeks it rained a lot.?

［正］ For many a week it rained a lot.?

［析］ many a意為"好多"、"許多"，但其后面要加單數(shù)名詞

。?

matter ?

［誤］ No matter what you did.?

［正］ No matter what you did, I trusted you.?

［析］ No matter是個詞組，意為"不論"，它的語法功能是起連接作用，所以不能用于一個單獨的句子。?

it doesn't matter這個詞組則不是一個連接詞組，所以可以和一個單句連用，如： It ?doesn't? mater what you say. (你說什么都不要緊。)?

maybe ?

［誤］ May be he is right.?

［正］ Maybe he is right.?

［析］ maybe是副詞，不要錯用為may be.?

maybe perhaps ?

這兩個詞的詞意一樣，maybe常用于非正式談話，而perhaps則多用在正式文體中。如： Maybe/Perhaps the weather will get better. 而?Julius Caesar? is perhaps the greatest of Shakespeare's early plays.?

mend ?

［誤］ I want to have my bike mended.?

［正］ I want to have my bike repaired.?

［析］ mend意為"縫補"，如： My mother mended my coat. 而repair是"修理"。?

mind ?

［誤］ Could you mind to close the door??

［正］ Could you mind closing the door??

［誤］ Try to make up your mind studying hard.?

［正］ Try to make up your mind to study hard.?

［析］ mind用作動詞時，其后加動名詞；而用作名詞意為"下定決心"時，其后要加不定式。 ?要注意Do you mind if I smoke?的答語： 如果你不介意，應回答"No, go ahead."如果你不想讓對方吸煙，則應講"Yes, please don't."?

miss ?

［誤］ I found my bag missed.?

［正］ I found my bag missing.?

［析］ missing為形容詞，其意為"不見了"、"丟了"。在句中用作賓語補足語時不要誤用missed，它作動詞時多為及物動詞，要接名詞或動名詞，而不接不定式。如： I missed the first train, I don't want to miss seeing the famous football player.?在作補足語講某物"不見了"時有missing, gone, lost等，如： I found my bag missing (gone, lost).?

mistake ?

［誤］ I took your pen by wrong.?

［正］ I took your pen by mistake.?

［析］ by mistake是"錯拿了"、"誤拿了"你的東西。wrong意為"錯誤"，而by mistake為"弄混了"。如：?

［誤］ If I'm not wrong, you are Mr Brown.?

［正］ If I'm not mistaken, you are Mr Brown. (如果我沒弄錯的話，您是Brown先生。)

［誤］ The teachers always mistook me as my brother.?

［正］ The teachers always mistook me for my brother.?

［析］ mistake…for…是"錯把……當作……"之意，如： I took your book for mine.?

more ?

［誤］ This book is more better than that one.?

［正］ This book is much better than that one.?

［析］ 不能用比較級來修飾比較級，而應用much, rather等來修飾比較級。?

［誤］ More you read, more you learn.?

［正］ The more you read, the more you learn.?

［析］ 在"越……越……的"表達法中，形容詞的比較級前要加定冠詞。請注意more than one這個詞組的后面要跟單數(shù)名詞和單數(shù)謂語動詞。如： More than one student is going to do part time job after school.?

no more than not morethan ?

no more than應譯為"只不過"、"才"，如： He wrote no more than three books. 即他真正寫了三本書。而not more than則意為"不會多于"，如： He wrote not more than three books. 即他寫的書不會多于三本。又如： He is no shorter than you. 應譯為"你和他都不矮"，而He is not shorter than you. 才應譯為"他比你高。"?

most ?

［誤］ Most of students are good at English.?

［正］ Most of the students are good at English.?

［正］ Most students are good at English.?

［析］ most of這一結構后面的名詞前一定要有一個限定詞。?

［誤］ My friends are most teachers.?

［正］ My friends are mostly teachers.?

［析］ mostly意為"大部分的"，"主要的"。?

much ?

［誤］ The boy was asleep very much.?

［正］ The boy was fast asleep.?

［析］ 不是所有的形容詞都可以用very來修飾，如fast asleep意為"熟睡"，則是固定搭配。像interesting, exciting, surprising這些形容詞化的現(xiàn)在分詞，以及tired, interested這些形容詞化的過去分詞則要用very來修飾。?

must ?

［誤］ He must be in the office, and mustn't go home.?

［正］ He must be in the office, and can't go home.?

［析］ must加動詞原形為對事情的肯定推測，而否定的推測則要用can't加動詞原形。?

［誤］ It must have rained now.?

［正］ It must have rained yesterday.?

［析］ "must+have+過去分詞"為對過去發(fā)生事情的推測。這句話應譯為"昨天一定是下雨了。"又如： I must go and call him. He must have forgotten it.?

must have to ?

must用來表示說話者覺得某件事有必要去做，如I must stop smoking. 其意為：我自己認為我要戒煙；而have to則多用來表達由于來自外界的因素而不得不去做的事，如： I have to go to school tomorrow.?must無過去式，當用在講過去某件必須要做的事時要用had to, 如： When I was young, I had to go to the factory.?在否定句中mustn't意為：一定不要做某事，如： You mustn't tell this to Tom. 而haven't to則多意為沒有必要去做，如： You don't have to tell this to Tom. 而英語中多用needn't 來取代haven't to.?

myself ?

［誤］ I can't play ping?pong myself.?

［正］ I can't play ping?pong by myself.?

［析］ 第一句并無語法錯誤，myself為"我親自要去"，而by myself為"獨自一人"。這句話要表達的意思是"我一個人無法打乒乓球。"而I want to play ping?pong myself. 應譯為"我自己想去打乒乓球。"?

name ?

［誤］ She was named of a flower.?

［正］ She was named after a flower.?

［析］ 以……命名應為name after，又如給某人取名應為The father named his son Tom.?

near ?

［誤］ We came near to hit him.?

［正］ We came near to hitting him.?

［析］ 這句話應譯為"我們幾乎要打他一頓。"near to這一用法中to為介詞，其后要接賓語，所以要接名詞或動名詞。near作介詞時其后可加to也可不加to，如： I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.?

by near ?

We lived near the city. 與We lived by the city. 兩句話都是對的，但其表達的意義有所不同，by在表達距離時比near更近，所以by the city是緊靠近某城市。?

need ?

［誤］ This room needs to clean.?

［正］ This room needs to be cleaned.?

［正］ This room needs cleaning.?

［析］ 在表達某事需要做什么時，need后面如用不定式要用其被動態(tài)，如接動名詞則要用主動態(tài)。?

［誤］ We need not to do it.?

［正］ We needn't do it.?

［析］ need用在否定句、疑問句中一般用作情態(tài)動詞，所以無人稱變化也不加to，而在肯定句中則多用作實意動詞，如： We need your help.?

neither ?

［誤］ None of my parents is a teacher.?

［正］ Neither of my parents is a teacher.?

［析］ 對兩者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情況。?

［誤］ I don't do my homework. Neither he does.?

［正］ I don't do my homework. Neither does he.?

［析］ 這時應用倒裝句。?

［誤］ Neither you nor I are right.?

［正］ Neither you nor I am right.?

［析］ neither…nor… 這一句型在應用時其謂語動詞應以鄰近的主語一致。?

［誤］ Neither he studies nor plays.?

［正］ Neither does he study nor play.?

［析］ neither, hardly, seldom等否定詞位于句首時，謂語動詞采用倒裝形式。

?

never ?

［誤］ Never I have broken my word.?

［正］ Never have I broken my word.?

［析］ never用于句首時起強調作用，要用倒裝語序。但用于句中一般放于情態(tài)動詞、助動詞、或be動詞后面，如： I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成語中，如： Better late than never. (晚做比不做強。)never mind沒關系，如： "What did you say?""Oh, never mind."?

news ?

［誤］ There are many news about the accident.?

［正］ There is much news about the accident.?

［析］ news是不可數(shù)名詞，它沒有復數(shù)形式，如果講一條新聞要用a piece of news.

newspaper ?

［誤］ I read the news on today's newspaper.?

［正］ I read the news in today's newspaper.?

［析］ 在報紙上讀到某一條新聞一定要用介詞in，而on the newspaper是指把某物放于報紙之上，如： May I put the flower on this newspaper??

night ?

［誤］ I came home very late yesterday night.?

［正］ I came home very late last night.?

［析］ "昨晚"一般要講last night，而不應參照"昨天上午、下午、傍晚"的說法yesterday morning等套用。?

no none ?

no是個限定詞，它可以用在可數(shù)名詞單復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前，如： No news is good news. 但如果名詞前有另一限定詞時則不能用no，而要用none of，如None of the students was here.?

no not ?

要使句子具有部分否定的意思，我們用not，如： I can see you tomorrow, but not Sunday. 如果是全部否定則用no，如Sorry, there is no time to talk.?

No one none ?

no one與nobody一樣不能接of結構，如： No one wished me good luck. 而要用of結構時要用none, 如： None of my friends wished me good luck.?

nor ?

［誤］ I never saw the painting before, or did I hear of it.?

［正］ I never saw the painting before, not did I hear of it.?

［析］ 注意在表達"既不……也不……"時不要用or作連詞，而要用nor，并且要用倒裝語序。 ?

not ?

［誤］ The students went to the park, but no the teachers.?

［正］ The students went to the park, but not the teachers.?

［析］ 要使一個句子或一個句子的某一部分為否定時我們要用not, 而不用no.?

［誤］ There is no my letter today.?

［正］ There is no letter for me today.?

［析］ no是一個限定詞，用在名詞前時，要注意這個名詞前應沒有冠詞、物主代詞或指示代詞。?

［誤］ He not only was a writer but also an actor.?

［正］ He was not only a writer but also an actor.?

［析］ 在這一句型中not only之后的詞與but also之后的詞類必須一致，否則應為錯句。如果這一結構用在主語位置，則謂語動詞要與but also后面的主語保持一致，如： Not only you but also I am wrong.?

nothing ?

［誤］ Nothing but books were sold here.?

［正］ Nothing but books was sold here.?

［析］ 要注意真正的主語是nothing而不是books，所以這一結構在學生的使用中經(jīng)常出錯。

［誤］ I have nothing to do but to cry.?

［正］ I have nothing to do but cry.?

［析］ 在這一結構中but后面要用省to的不定式。?

number ?

［誤］ A number of news can be heard on TV today.?

［正］ A lot of news can be heard on TV today.?

［析］ a number of后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。?

［誤］ The number of students are ten thousand.?

［正］ The number of students is ten thousand.?

［析］ a number of 其意為"大量的"，而the number of…是"某某的數(shù)量"。即the number of students意為"學生人數(shù)"，所以要用單數(shù)形式的謂語動詞。?

o'clock ?

［誤］ It's ten past five o'clock.?

［正］ It's ten past five.?

［析］ o'clock所表達的時間是正點，如果要表達的時間是幾點幾分或差幾分幾點都不能用o'clock.?

once ?

［誤］ Please come and see me once.?

［正］ Please come and see me one day.?

［析］ once用來談論過去的事情，而不能談論未來。如果要談及未來要用one day, some time等。?

［誤］ I met him one time when I was a student.?

［正］ I met him once when I was a student.?

［析］ 英語中一次應用once而不用one time，二次要用twice而不用two times.?

one ?

［誤］ My grandfather wants to live for hundred years.?

［正］ My grandfather wants to live for one hundred years.?

［誤］ He threw away the old dictionary and wanted to buy new one.?

［正］ He threw away the old dictionary and wanted to buy a new one.?

［誤］ His dog is bigger than my one.?

［正］ His dog is bigger than mine.?

［析］ 一般物主代詞之后不用one，除非one前有修飾詞，如my old one， 否則要用名詞性物主代詞。?

［誤］ One of the teacher is in the office.?

［誤］ One of the teachers are in the office.?

［正］ One of the teachers is in the office.?

［析］ One是句子的主語，其謂語動詞應用單數(shù)，而of后面的名詞要用復數(shù)名詞。?

［誤］ One third of the books is sent to the students.?

［正］ One third of the books are sent to the students.?

［析］ 幾分之幾或百分之幾這一結構用在主語位置，其謂語動詞要與of后面的名詞一致，如Two thirds of the work is done.?

open ?

［誤］ Are the banks opened today??

［正］ Are the banks open today??

［析］ 要注意open即可用作動詞、名詞，還可以用作形容詞，而close則不同。請看： Are the banks closed today?這一句是正確的。?

or ?

［誤］ He doesn't drink and smoke.?

［正］ He doesn't drink or smoke.?

［析］ 否定句中的并列連詞要用or而不用and.?

［誤］ He neither drinks or smokes.?

［正］ He neither drinks nor smokes.?

other ?

［誤］ Where are the others students??

［正］ Where are the other students??

［正］ Where are the others??

［析］ other作形容詞時沒有復數(shù)形式，且作為泛指講時沒有定冠詞，如： Ask some other eople. 而加定冠詞后為特指。 the other可在句中作主語、賓語或定語，如： Now let me show you the other. (賓語) He has two sons. One is a worker, the other is a teacher. (主語) others 只能作代詞，而the others則為特指，如： There are five books. Two of them are not good. I like the others.?

out ?

［誤］ She went out the classroom, taking a dictionary with her.?

［正］ She went out of the classroom, taking a dictionary with her.?

［析］ out of是指"從……里出來"，使用時不要將of丟掉。?

paper ?

［誤］ Please give me two letter papers.?

［正］ Please give me two sheets of letter paper.?

［析］ paper作為紙講為不可數(shù)名詞。?

［誤］ Each student must write paper on what he learned.?

［正］ Each student must write a paper on what he learned.?

［析］ 這里的paper作為論文講，是可數(shù)名詞。paper的這種用法還可以用于證件、報紙、考卷等。

parent ?

［誤］ My parents and I are both interested in football.

［正］ My parents and I are all interested in football.?

［析］ parents即為父母、雙親，指兩個人，加上自己為三個人，所以只能用all而不能用both.?

pass ?

［誤］ The ship pasted the channel.?

［正］ The ship passed the channel.?

［析］ pass為動詞，而past則為副詞，不要混淆，如： My father has been ill for the past two weeks. All the students passed the exam.?

pay ?

［誤］ Please help me do this job, and I will pay for you later.?

［正］ Please help me do this job and I will pay you later.?

［析］ 為某工作付給工人工資應為pay somebody, 而pay for something是為某物付款，如： You can buy all the things you want. I'll pay for those.?

people ?

［誤］ There are five hundred peoples here.?

［正］ There are five hundred people here.?

［誤］ There is only one people.?

［正］ There is only one person.?

［誤］ People there is friendly.?

［正］ People there are friendly.?

［析］ people作為人講時為復數(shù)名詞，如要講一個人應用one person, 而不能用people, 講若干人時用people而不能加s，這樣的用法還有police(警察)等，這些概念用單數(shù)時要換其他的詞. 如： people－a person; police－policeman policewoman; youth－a young man/woman.?

picture ?

［誤］ There are some spots in the picture.?

［正］ There are some spots on the picture.?

［誤］ There is a young woman on the picture.?

［正］ There is a young woman in the picture.?

［析］ 指濺落在畫面上的灰塵，污物是on the picture，即講與畫面內(nèi)容無關的東西用on，而in the picture用于講畫面的內(nèi)容。?

pity ?

［誤］ What pity that her mother must always suffer!?

［正］ What a pity that her mother must always suffer!?

［析］ pity作為遺憾之事講常加不定冠詞；但要注意作為同情、憐憫講則不加冠詞，為不可數(shù)名詞，如： I feel pity for you. 它還可以用作動詞，如： He pitied the poor people.?

［誤］ I have pity for you.?

［正］ I have pity on you.?

［析］ 可憐某人時應用have (take) pity on somebody，這是個慣用法。?

place ?

［誤］ Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to another.?

［正］ Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to place (from one place to another).?

［析］ 到處譯為英文時為from place to place請不要在place之前加冠詞。這種用法在有些語法書中叫作零冠詞用法，如：一戶挨一戶為door by door，手拉手為hand in hand.?

［誤］ The accident was taken place in that street.?

［正］ The accident took place in that street.?

［析］ take place為發(fā)生，它不能用于被動態(tài)，這樣的詞還有happen等。?

［誤］ There is no place in the bus.?

［正］ There is no room in the bus.?

［析］ room這里為不可數(shù)名詞，意為空間，即沒有地方了。place多指場所所在之地。

［誤］ I came here to take place of Mr Smith.?

［正］ I came here to take the place of Mr Smith.?

［析］ take the place of 意為代替、取代某人某事。

?

play ?

［誤］ Do you want to play guitar??

［正］ Do you want to play the guitar??

［誤］ I like to play the bridge.?

［正］ I like to play bridge(橋牌).?

［析］ play作為玩講時，在各種樂器前要加冠詞，在各種體育運動前則沒有冠詞。?

please ?

［誤］ My friend pleased me to his birthday party yesterday.?

［正］ My friend invited me to his birthday party yesterday.?

［析］ please作為動詞時其詞義不是請，而是高興、愿意等意，如： She always does what she pleases. (她總是想做什么就做什么。)又如： It's hard to please all. 而please作為請講時為語氣詞，多用于祈使句中，如： Please come in.?

［誤］ Both the teacher and the mother were pleased to the little girl.?

［正］ Both the teacher and the mother were pleased with the little girl.?

［析］ 對某人表示滿意、喜歡，應用be pleased with somebody. 對某事感到高興和滿意時多用be pleased at或about，但有時也可用with，卻不能用of.?

pleasure ?

［誤］ The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasures.?

［正］ The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasure.?

［析］ pleasure作為高興、愉快、享樂、娛樂 講時為不可數(shù)名詞。?

［誤］ It is pleasure to work with you.?

［正］ It is a pleasure to work with you.?

［析］ pleasure作為一件或某件樂事、高興之事講時為 可數(shù)名詞，如： It is one of my pleasures.?

police ?

［誤］ The police has not found the cause of the accident.

［正］ The police have not found the cause of the accident.

［析］ police為復數(shù)名詞，它沒有單數(shù)形式。如果要講一個警察 要用a policeman，兩個要用two policemen，或a policewoman, two policewomen.?

prepare ?

［誤］ I'm preparing the exam.?

［正］ I'm preparing for the exam.?

［誤］ We'll return in time for you to prepare for dinner.

［正］ We'll return in time for you to prepare dinner.?

［析］ prepare既是及物動詞，又是不及物動詞。作及物動詞時 其后面所跟的事物是正在 準備的；而作不及物動詞時for后面的事物是目標。如： I'm preparing for the exam. 應

譯為我正在為考試做準備。同樣的用法還有search與search for.?

present ?

［誤］ Don't worry. I can present the meeting.?

［正］ Don't worry. I can be present at the meeting.?

［析］ present作為出席、在場講時，是形容詞而不應 用作動詞。其動詞意為 送給;贈給;提出，如： The reporter presented arguments of his idea.

? put

?

［誤］ She put off her red dress and put on the green one.

［正］ She took off her red dress and put on the green on e.?

［析］ 與put連用的介詞很多，一般來講on與off是一對相反的意 義的介詞，如： turn on (打開)，turn off(關上)，穿衣服是put on，但脫衣服卻只能用take off,而put o ff是推遲、使某人下車、關掉之意，如： They put off the exam because t he national holiday. (因國家假日而推遲考期。)Could you put me off at the Town Ha ll. (請在市政廳讓我下車。)Please put off the wireless before you leave. (走之前 請關掉無線電。)?

?

radio

?

［誤］ There are two radioes in the classroom.?

［正］ There are two radios in the classroom.?

［誤］ I heard the weather report through the radio.?

［正］ I heard the weather report on the radio.?

［析］ 在收音機中聽到某事應為hear something on the ra dio，聽收音機應為l isten to the radio. 這樣的用法還有電視，看電視為watch TV，講在電視上看見什 么節(jié)目為watch…on TV，如： I'm watching the football match on TV. 但注意，作為 一種通信手段時應為by radio, 如： Police are talking to each other by radio.? rain ?

［誤］ There is a small rain falling.?

［正］ There is a light rain falling.?

［誤］ There is a big rain.?

［正］ There is a heavy rain.?

［析］ 大雨在英文中應為a heavy rain, rain cats and do gs 為傾盆大雨，小雨 為a light rain. 千萬不要講a big rain 或a small rain. 當作動詞講時，雨下得很 大可譯為： It rains very much now/hard now/heavily now.?

reach

?

［誤］ We reached to the town very late.?

［正］ We reached the town very late.?

［析］ reach作為到達講是及物動詞，而arrive為不及物動 詞。但要注意reach的詞組 搭配，如reach for， 為伸手去拿，如： The thief reached for the gun. reach ou t伸出手，如： He reached out and took an interesting book.?

ready ?

［誤］ You must ready at once.?

［正］ You must be ready at once.?

［析］ ready為形容詞，而不像中文中準備為動詞。?

remember

?

［誤］ I didn't remember closing the door, so the thief c ame into the room directly.?

［正］ I didn't remember to close the door, so the thief came into the room directly.?

［析］ remember其后接動名詞，動名詞所表示的動作已經(jīng)做完， 如： I don't remember meeting you. 其后如接不定式，不定式表達的動作還沒有去做，如： Do remember to tur n off the light before you leave.?

rest ?

［誤］ The rest of the students is girls.?

［正］ The rest of the students are girls.?

［析］ rest作剩余部分講時，the rest of…結構作主語時 其謂語動詞應與of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。這種用法還有1/3 of, 80% of等。?

［誤］ The rest of the work are done.?

［正］ The rest of the work is done.?

return ?

［誤］ My friends returned back to their second home town .?

［正］ My friends returned to their second home town.?

［析］ return即為返回，所以back是多余的。這句話還可以 表述為： My friends went back to their second home town.?

rice

?

［誤］ We had a few rice and some bread.?

［正］ We had a little rice and some bread.?

［析］ rice為物質名詞，為不可數(shù)名詞。?

rice

?

［誤］ We had a few rice and some bread.?

［正］ We had a little rice and some bread.?

［析］ rice為物質名詞，為不可數(shù)名詞。?

rich ?

［誤］ The country is rich of oil.?

［正］ The country is rich in oil.?

［析］ be rich in 為盛產(chǎn)……。?

［誤］ The rich is not always happy.?

［正］ The rich are not always happy.?

［析］ 形容詞加定冠詞表示一類人，作主語時要作復數(shù)看待。?

［誤］ All his riches is no good to him if he is so ill.

［正］ All his riches are no good to him if he is so ill.

［析］ riches為財富，是復數(shù)名詞，沒有單數(shù)形式。像這 樣的詞還有goods(貨物)，greens(青菜)，manners(禮貌)等。?

river

［誤］ We like swimming on the river.?

［正］ We like swimming in the river.?

［誤］ We like boating in the river.?

［正］ We like boating on the river.?

［析］ 游泳用in the river，而在湖中劃船要用on the river.

room

［誤］ There are already three people sitting on the sofa , please try to make a room for her.?

［正］ There are already three people sitting on the sofa , please try to make room for her.?

［析］ room作為空間講時為不可數(shù)名詞。leave room for… 為給某人留點空地； make room for…為讓位給某人，如： The young man made room for an old woman.

?

run

?

［誤］ I ran across with an old friend at the school gate .?

［正］ I ran across an old friend at the school gate.?

［析］ run across 為偶然相遇。?

［誤］ The truck ran across the cat.?

［正］ The truck ran over the cat.?

［析］ run over為從……上輾過。?

［誤］ Yesterday I ran to a storm on my way home.?

［正］ Yesterday I ran into a storm on my way home.?

［析］ run into為撞上或撞在……上。?

?

safe

［誤］ The brave man safed the boy from drowning.?

［正］ The brave man saved the boy from drowning.?

［析］ safe是形容詞，如： They wished him a safe journey. safely是副詞，如： The young man drives his car safely. 而safety是名詞，如： safety island(安全島)，Safety first!(安全第一!)但save是動詞。

same ?

［誤］ Yesterday I got a postcard. It is the same that you got the day before yesterday.?

［正］ Yesterday I got a postcard. It is the same as you got the day before yesterday.?

［析］ the same that意為"即是"，而the same as才能譯為"像……一樣的。"?

［誤］ Your book is not same as mine.?

［正］ Your book is not the same as mine.?

［析］ the same as中的定冠詞不能少。

say ?

［誤］ His report wrote she is nineteen.?

［正］ His report says she is nineteen.?

［析］ 中文中常講"報告上寫到"、"信上寫到"，這樣的"寫"在英文中要用say.?

say speak talk tell

?

英文中"說"一般有四個詞，其中say和tell為及物動詞。tell可以加雙賓語，如Please tell me a story. 而speak與talk為不及物動詞。speak只有后面直接加"語言"時才是及物的，如： Please speak English. 請看下句： He went on talking for a long time, but he spoke so fast that few of us could catch what he said.?

sea ?

［誤］ As a boy his great ambition(抱負) was to go to the sea.?

［正］ As a boy his great ambition was to go to sea.?

［析］ go to sea為"去當水手、海員"；而go to the sea=go to the seaside, 如： He want to go to the sea for his vacation.?

在"海中"游泳為in the sea; at sea為在"海上航行"，如： I have a brother at sea. by sea為"坐船"、"由海路運輸"，如： We travelled to New York by sea.?

second ?

［誤］ I want to learn the second foreign language.?

［正］ I want to learn a second foreign language.?

［析］ 當作為"第二"外語，"再增加一個"時，不要用the second而要用a second. the second強調排隊的次序，a second強調再增加一個。?

see ?

［誤］ He was seen leave the room.?

［正］ He was seen to leave the room.?

［析］ see作主動態(tài)時用作to see somebody do something, 而用作被動態(tài)時則是somebody to be seen to do something. 要注意慣用法let me see(讓我想想)。?

sheep ?

［誤］ There are five sheeps on the grass.?

［正］ There are five sheep on the grass.?

［析］ sheep是單、復數(shù)同形名詞，其他的還有： deer(鹿)，fish(魚)等。?

ship ?

［誤］ I travelled on a yacht.?

［正］ I travelled on a ship (in a yacht).?

［析］ 雖然都是船，但游艇(yacht)要用in, 而ship要用on.?

sick ?

［誤］ The little boy was a ill boy.?

［正］ The little boy was a sick boy.?

［析］ sick與ill作表語時都表示"有病"之意，如： He feels ill. 或He feels sick. 都對，但作定語時則只能用sick.?

since ?

［誤］ He is living in Greece since 1978.?

［正］ He has lived in Greece since 1978.?

［正］ He has been living in Greece since 1978.?

［析］

由since引出的狀語從句意為"自從"某時一直如何，主句要用完成時或完成進行時。 ?

［誤］ She has been quite different since came back from America.?

［正］ She has been quite different since coming back from America.?

［析］ 分詞短語可以用在after, before, since等介詞后面。?

sleep ?

［誤］ The boy was very asleep.?

［正］ The boy was fast asleep.?

［析］ 熟睡在英文中為fast asleep. 非正式英語中一般不常用He's sleeping. 而常講He's asleep. 其形容詞sleepy是"困倦的"，如： I shall go to bed now. I'm so sleepy. "臥鋪"英國人講sleeping car，而美國人講sleeper.?

slow ?

［誤］ Slow the door opened.?

［正］ Slowly the door opened.?

［析］ slow與slowly的用法與意思相同，在口語中和路標中多用slow，如： Tell him to drive slower. Slow, dangerous bend. 但是如果用在動詞前還是要用slowly.?

smile ?

［誤］ She smiled to me.?

［正］ She smiled at me.?

［析］ "沖著某人笑"應為to smile at somebody.?

so ?

［誤］ It is such beautiful a book that every child likes it.?

［正］ It is such a beautiful book that every child likes it.?

［正］ It is so beautiful a book that every child likes it.?

［析］ 關于so與such用法的區(qū)別有四種情況： ① 用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，其格式為"such+不定冠詞+形容詞+名詞"，而"so+形容詞+不定冠詞"。② 用于可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前，只能用 such，如： It is such good weather that we want to go for a walk. They are such good students that they can pass the exam easily. ③ 在只有形容詞時只能用so，如： It is so good that I like it very much.④ 在many, much, few, little這四個詞前只能用so而不能用such。如： I have so little money that I can't buy the dictionary.?

［誤］ He got up early so as he could catch the first bus.?

［正］ He got up early so as to catch the first bus.?

［正］ He got up early so that he could catch the first bus.?

［正］ He got up so early that he could catch the first bus.?

some

?

［誤］ Do you have some lessone to prepare??

［正］ Do you have any lessons to prepare??

［析］ 在疑問句或否定句中要用any; some多用在肯定句中，如： I have some money to buy it.?

在請求，或真心希望得到肯定答復時，在疑問句中也要用some，如： Would you like something to drink?即真心實意希望為對方提供飲料。又如： Could you lend me some money?即真心想要借到錢。?

sometime ?

［誤］ I have sometime thought that I should like to live in the country.?

［正］ I have sometimes thought that I should like to live in the country.?

sometime sometimes some times sometime ?

sometime為"某個時候"、"總有一天"，如： We'll meet again sometime next year. 或過去的"某一時刻"，如： I saw her sometime in July. sometimes為"有時候"、"時常"、"常常"，如： Every man is a fool sometimes, and none at all times. Some times為"若干次"，如： I visited America some times. May be five or seven times. I am not sure. Some time則是"一段時間"、"一些時候"，如： I want to leave some time.?

soon ?

［誤］ The room as soon as became crowded.?

［正］ The room soon became crowded.?

［析］ soon為"不久"、"很快"，如： I'll be there very soon. 而as soon as意為"一……就……"，如： As soon as I finished my homework I went out to play football.?

sound ?

［誤］ The report sounds well.?

［正］ The report sounds good.?

［析］ sound作動詞時其后接形容詞而不接副詞，如： How sweet the music sounds!?

sport ?

［誤］ Are you going to run in the school sprot??

［正］ Are you going to run in the school sprots??

［析］ sport用作可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時指具體的某項運動，如： Basketball is an indoor sport. 而在泛指"運動"或"運動會"時要用其復數(shù)形式sports.?

spring ?

［誤］ I'll visit America in this spring.?

［正］ I'll visit America in spring.?

［正］ I'll visit America this spring.?

［析］ 英語一年四季前如果有that, this, last, next等詞，則其前面不要再加介詞。這樣的用法還有周、月、年等。請看下面句子中的用法有何不同： He told me that she did it on the next day. 這時是指過去某一天的第二天，所以才有這種用法。如果以現(xiàn)在為時間基點的第二天應為I'll do it next day.?

start ?

［誤］ What time will you start to San Francisco??

［正］ What time will you start for San Francisco??

［析］ start與leave一樣，其后接"for+目的地"。?

begin start ?

begin與start在很多場合下是一樣的意思，如： We started/began to study English two years ago. 但在如下場合則不能用begin: ① 作為"啟程"講，如： I think we ought to start at six. ② 表示"開始工作"，如： The car won't start. (車子發(fā)動不起來。) ③ 作為"開動"、"啟動"講，如： Do you know how to start this machine.?

still ?

［誤］ Oh, it is still raining now.?

［正］ Oh, it is still raining.?

［析］ 因still即包含有現(xiàn)在仍然如何，所以now是多余詞。?

still yet already ?

still一般與動詞連用，可放于句子中間用以說明過去開始的動作現(xiàn)在仍然在繼續(xù)，特別用來表示我們希望它早點停止。如： I've been thinking for hours, but I still can't decide. yet一般放于句末，用在疑問句與否定句中。如： Has the postman come yet? already則與動詞連用，可放于句中表示某事的發(fā)生比預期的要早，如： I've already finished my homework.?

stop ?

［誤］ When the teacher came into the classroom the students stopped to talk.?

［正］ When the teacher came into the classroom the students stopped talking.?

［析］ stop to do something是"停下來去做某事"，而stop doing something是"停止做某事"。?

street ?

［誤］ There is a narrow winding street from our village to the next one.?

［正］ There is a narrow winding road from our village to the next one.?

［析］ street一般指城市中兩旁有建筑物的"街道"，而road多指鄉(xiāng)間的"路"。?

strict ?

［誤］ You ought to be strict to him.?

［正］ You ought to be strict with him.?

［析］ be strict with是"對……嚴格的"。?

such ?

［誤］ Do you want to have such a dictionary??

［正］ Do you want to have such a good dictionary??

［正］ Do you want to have a dictionary like that??

［析］ such作加強語氣時一般是"such+(冠詞)形容詞+名詞"，如： It's such a good book. 但如果名詞前沒有形容詞則要看其名詞是否具有"能顯示程度的含意"，如： I've got such a headache. You are such fools!否則在such與名詞之間一定要有形容詞。?

sure ?

［誤］ I am quite sure for that answer.?

［正］ I am quite sure of that answer.?

［析］ sure用于句中表示"對……事有確實把握"時應跟of或about，而不跟for，如： I'm sure about (of) his ability to control this machine.?

sweet ?

［誤］ Honey tastes sweetly.?

［正］ Honey tastes sweet.?

［析］ sweet可以作為名詞，意為"糖果"，是可數(shù)名詞，如： May I have a sweet?作形容詞，如： The child looked very sweet. 而sweetly為副詞，意為"甜美地"、"悅耳地"。要注意taste為感觀動詞，其后面要接形容詞而不是副詞。?

take ?

［誤］ This year I want to take the driver's license.?

［正］ This year I want to get the driver's license.?

［析］ take可以作為動詞，意為"拿"、"取"，如： I want to take my mail. 而要獲得某種證書、證明，要用get而不用take， take在學校范圍內(nèi)意為"參加"或"選修"某些課程，如： This term I want to take both French and Spanish.?

［誤］ The accident was taken place at the street corner.?

［正］ The accident took place at the street corner.?

［析］ take place與happen一樣作為"發(fā)生"講時沒有被動語態(tài)。?

［誤］ Do you take me as a fool??

［正］ Do you take me for a fool??

［析］ take…for…意為"以為是……"、"錯當作……"、"誤認為"，而這一意思還可以用于I took you to be the best friend. (我把你認作是最好的朋友。)?

［誤］ My English teacher was ill. Who will take place her??

［正］ My English teacher was ill. Who will take the place of her??

［析］ take the place of…意為"取代"。?

talk ?

［誤］ Yesterday I met an old friend. We talked many things.?

［正］ Yesterday I met an old friend. We taked about many things.?

［析］ talk是不及物動詞。?

team ? ［誤］ Our team likes seeing film.?

［正］ Our team like seeing film.?

［析］ team與family，class等詞一樣，指整體時為單數(shù)名詞。如： Our team is excellent, 而指集體中的個體時要用作復數(shù)。?

than ?

［誤］ They made fewer mistakes this term than they made last lerm.?

［正］ They made fewer mistakes this term than they did last lerm.?

［析］ 當一個動作在同一個句子中重復時，第二次要用do來代替，以避免重復。?

［誤］ You make me do more then anybody I know.?

［正］ You make me do more than anybody I know.?

［誤］ I got into the restroom than someone knocked at the door.?

［正］ I got into the rest room then someone knocked at the door.?

［析］ than與then不要誤用。?

then ?

［誤］ We went to the cinema, then went to a Chinese restaurant.?

［正］ We went to the cinema, and then went to a Chinese restaurant.?

［正］ We went to the cinema; then went to a Chinese restaurant.?

［析］ then作"然后"講時，在then前應加分號而不用逗號，或加逗號用and then，但是如果是倒裝句則要用逗號，如： First come Tom, then Mary.?

think ?

［誤］ I think you are not right.?

［正］ I don't think you are right.?

［析］ think在肯定句中與中文的習慣用法是一致的，如： I think you are right. 但在賓語從句是否定意思時，要否定think，如： I don't think you are right.?

［誤］ I think he will come here, do I??

［正］ I think he will come here, wont he??

［析］ think加賓語從句時，反意疑問句的主語應用賓語從句中的主語，助動詞要用賓語從句中的助動詞，而肯定還是否定要看主句中的情況決定：如主句用肯定句，則反意疑問句用否定句，反之亦然。?

［誤］ People think very high of his work.?

［正］ People think very highly of his work.?

［析］ think highly of為"對某人某事評價很高"。?

［誤］ When we talk about Chinese people we always think the Yellow River.?

［正］ When we talk about Chinese people we always think about the Yellow River.?

［析］ think about意為"想起"、"想到"。?

thousand ?

［誤］ He got thousand of books from a second?hand?book shop.?

［正］ He got thousands of books from a second?hand?book shop.?

［析］ 雖然two thousand, three thousand在thousand后都不加?s，但thousands of則為"數(shù)千"，該結構中一定要加?s。?

through ?

［誤］ I had a long distance call with John throught the telephone.?

［正］ I had a long distance call with John on the telephone.?

［誤］ It took us two hours to walk across the forest.?

［正］ It took us two hours to walk through the forest.?

［析］ across是表示在一平面上進行的動作，而through則是用在三維空間的動作。如： The river was frozen, so we could walk across it. I pushed through the crowds to the entrance.?

throw ?

［誤］ He threw a stone to me.?

［正］ He threw a stone at me.?

［析］ "扔"這個詞表示方向時要注意他向我扔石頭是at me，我向他扔石頭則為to him，但throw at還有尋釁之意，如： Stop throwing stones at the cars. 這時不要誤用to.?

time ?

［誤］ The doctor came on time so she was saved.?

［正］ The doctor came in time so she was saved.?

［析］ in time為"及時趕到"，如： Do you think we can get there in time for the first act. 而on time 意為"準時"，如： The train arrived on time.?

［誤］ It is time we go home.?

［正］ It is time we should go home.?

［正］ It is time we went home.?

［析］ "是該作某事的時候了"，其句形為： ① It is time for somebody to do something. ② "It is time+從句"，從句中用"should+動詞原形"，或直接用動詞的過去式。?

［誤］ Let's hurry. We haven't many times.?

［正］ Let's hurry. We haven't much time.?

［誤］ I have been to America two times.?

［正］ I have been to America twice.?

［析］ time作為"時間"講時為不可數(shù)名詞，而作為"次"講時則是可數(shù)名詞。但"一次"不是one time，而是once；"二次"不是two times，而是twice；"三次"則是three times.?

too ?

［誤］ This box is too heavy to lift it.?

［正］ This box is too heavy to lift.?

［析］ 在too…to這一結構中，如果主語和不定式的賓語是一致的，則不要重復。?

［誤］ The child is too young not to go to school.?

［正］ The child is too young to go to school.?

［析］ too…to這一結構用來表示"太……以致于不能……"，但下面的句子則不能照此翻譯： I'm too glad to meet you. 應譯為"我見到你真太高興了"。?

［誤］ There is much too noise.?

［正］ There is too much noise.?

［析］ "much too+形容詞"，而"too much+不可數(shù)名詞"。?

［誤］ You have bought too much tomatoes.?

［正］ You have bought too many tomatoes.?

［析］ too many后才加可數(shù)名詞。?

also as well too ?

這三個詞是近義詞，但其用法各有不同。其一，too和as well通常用于句末，如： She went to the cinema and her brother went too. 而also則不用于句末，如： I've also read her other novels. 其二，這三個詞都不用于否定句中，否定句中用not…either，或neither/nor…,如： He ?isn't? here either.?

trousers ?

［誤］ My trouser is getting smaller and smaller.?

［正］ My trousers are getting smaller and smaller.?

［析］ 英語中trousers, pants, shorts(短褲)，glasses(眼鏡)都要用復數(shù)形式。?

［誤］ This pair of glasses are very good.?

［正］ This pair of glasses is very good.?

［析］ 有了量詞a pair of，其后的謂語動詞要與量詞相一致。如： two pairs of…的謂語動詞就要用復數(shù)。?

try ?

［誤］ I tried to send her flowers but it didn't have any effect.?

［正］ I tried sending her flowers but it didn't have any effect. (我試著給她送花，但沒有什么結果。)?

［誤］ Please try understanding it.?

［正］ Please try to understand it.?

［析］ "try+動名詞"的意思是"試一試"，或"做某事看看會發(fā)生什么情況"，而"try+不定式"表示為達到目的要去做的事。?

?

under ?

［誤］ The lake is two meters under sea level.?

［正］ The lake is two meters below sea level.?

［析］ under的意思是在某物的下面，而below＝lower than, 即"低于"。?

［誤］ Under the help of our teacher, all of us passed the exam.?

［正］ With the help of our teacher, all of us passed the exam.?

understand ?

［誤］ I think it is diffcult to make myself to understand.?

［正］ I think it is diffcult to make myself understood.?

［析］ 這句話的意思是"我想讓別人理解我太難了"。?

［誤］ I am understanding the lesson now.?

［正］ I understand the lesson now.?

［析］ understand一詞沒有進行時態(tài)。類似的詞還有belong, find, hear, love, like等。?

until ?

［誤］ We walked until the edge of the forest.?

［正］ We walked as far as the edge of the forest.?

［誤］ Our school bus can hold until twenty children.?

［正］ Our school bus can hold up to twenty children.?

［析］ until與till兩詞的意思一樣，但兩個詞都只能用于時間，如： I'll wait until I hear from you.?

［誤］ I waited for my mother to seven o'clock, but she didn't come.?

［正］ I waited for my mother until seven o'clock, but she didn't come.

［誤］ Can you return this book until Monday??

［正］ Can you return this book by Monday??

［析］ 當我們談目前正在進行而將來某一時刻才停止的事件時用until，而用by來表達將來某一時刻會發(fā)生的動作。?

［誤］ We arrived home until it became dark.?

［正］ We didn't arrived home until it became dark.?

［析］ until用于肯定句時表示"某動作直到……為止"，如： They worked until 5∶00 P. M. 用于否定句中時意為"直到……才"。所以用于肯定句中要使用延續(xù)性動詞，但截止性動詞卻可以用在否定句中。?

upstairs ?

［誤］ He went to upstairs.?

［正］ He went upstairs.?

［析］ upstairs一詞可用作副詞，如： We all hurried upstairs to see what happened. 也可用作名詞，如； The upstairs of the house needs painting. 同時也可以用作形容詞，如： A house with three upstairs rooms is quite good.?

use ?

［誤］ It is no use to ask her.?

［正］ It is no use asking her.?

［析］ It is no use…與There is no use…后通常用動名詞，而不用不定式。?

［誤］ I'll get used to treat the students this way.?

［正］ I'll get used to treating the students this way.?

［析］ be used to與get used to后要接動名詞表示"習慣于"做某事。?

［誤］ I used to getting up early in the morning.?

［正］ I used to get up early in the morning.?

［析］ used to表示過去習慣的動作，其后要加動詞原形。?

［誤］ Oil was used to cooking.?

［正］ Oil was used to cook.?

［析］ 這里的句型雖然也是be used to但這里不是主動態(tài)，而是被動態(tài)，所以不能接動名詞而應接不定式。?

［誤］ We used to go to the Great Wall three times.?

［正］ We went to the Great Wall three times.?

［析］ used to只能用來表示一種習慣，而不能用來表達某事發(fā)生的次數(shù)。?

?

very ?

［誤］ Thank you indeed.?

［正］ Thank you very much indeed.?

［析］ indeed用來修飾very much, 但要放其后面，而且也不要單獨使用。?

［誤］ The baby was very asleep.?

［正］ The baby was fast asleep.?

［析］ 不是所有的形容詞都可以用very來修飾，如： I'm wide awake. (我全醒了。)再如： all alone(十分孤獨)，much afraid等。?

［誤］ The thing seems to be very improved.?

［正］ The thing seems to be much improved.?

［析］ 有些語法書講very修飾現(xiàn)在分詞，而much修飾過去分詞，這要分別對待。如果過去分詞是指一個具體的動作，而且是句中主要動詞的一部分就必須用much，而某些形容詞化的過去分詞，還是要用very來修飾的，如： I am very tired.?

［誤］ There is very less water in the river than usual.?

［正］ There is much/far less water in the river than usual.?

［析］ very不能修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級，而要用far, much等來修飾。?

wait ?

［誤］ Tomorrow I will wait you at the bus stop.?

［正］ Tomorrow I will wait for you at the bus stop.?

［析］ wait是不及物動詞，"等人"要用wait for somebody；而wait up為"不睡覺等候某事"，如： I'll wait up tonight.?

walk ?

［誤］ I think she went a walk yesterday.?

［正］ I think she went out for a walk yesterday.?

［析］ 散步在英文中要講have a walk, take a walk.如果用go要用go for a walk.?

want ?

［誤］ The flowers want to water.?

［正］ The flowers want watering.?

［析］ want在這里作為"需要"講，其后加動名詞。這句話的意思是"這花需要澆水。"?

［誤］ Do you want someone go along with you??

［正］ Do you want someone to go along with you??

［析］ want somebody to do something為一固定用法。?

wash ?

［誤］ Are you going to mak washing this weekend??

［正］ Are you going to do washing this weekend??

［析］ do washing為"洗衣服"，是固定搭配。?

watch ?

［誤］ Your watch is what time??

［正］ What time is it by your watch??

［析］ 一定要記住英文的習慣用法。?

［誤］ The mother want to watch the children to play on the grass.?

［正］ The mother want to watch the children play (playing) on the grass.?

［析］ watch的用法同see, hear等詞。?

way ?

［誤］ Please move the chair, it is on the way.?

［正］ Please move the chair, it is in the way.?

［析］ in the way 為"擋道"，而on the way為"在路上"，如： on my way home (在回家路上)，on his way to the station(在他去火車站的路上)。而by the way是"順便說"，如： By the way, have you heard from Joan recently??

［誤］ The students were on their way to home.?

［正］ The students were on their way home.?

［析］ home在這里為副詞。?

wear ?

［誤］ The little girl is old enough to wear herself.?

［正］ The little girl is old enough to dress herself.?

［析］ wear后接衣物而不接反身代詞。?

what ?

［誤］ I want to know what to do it??

［正］ I want to know what to do?? ［誤］ I want to know how to do??

［正］ I want to know how to do it??

［析］ what是疑問代詞，而how是疑問副詞。要注意它們用法的不同。?

when ?

［誤］ I'd cook you nice meal when you'd come home in the evening.?

［正］ I'd cook you nice meal when you came home in the evening.?

［析］ 在when引導的狀語從句中，要用一般時表示將來，即主句中是將來時，從句中應用一般現(xiàn)在時，如主句中是過去將來時，從句中應用一般過去時。如： I'll be back when you come back from school.?

［誤］ When in the second grade, his mother bought him a bike.?

［正］ When Tom was in the second grade, his mother bought him a bike.?

［析］ 復合句中只有當主句的主語與從句的主語一致的情況下，才有可能省略，如： When young he had to work all day.?

［誤］ We'll go to the park when it doesn't rain tomorrow. ?

［正］ We'll go to the park if it doesn't rain tomorrow.?

［析］ if用來表示不能肯定的事如果發(fā)生會如何；而when用來表示肯定會發(fā)生或很可能會發(fā)生的事情，如： I'll see you in September when I come back.? ［誤］ I don't know when he comes home tomorrow.?

［正］ I don't know when he will come home tomorrow.?

［析］ when所引出的賓語從句如果是表示將來的動作要用將來時，而不是像時間狀語從句中用一般時表示將來。

where ?

［誤］ I don't know where to go to.?

［正］ I don't know where to go.?

［析］ where是疑問副詞。?

whether ?

［誤］ It is unknown if he will come.?

［正］ It is unknown whether he will come.?

［析］ if不能引導主語從句。上句中it是形式主語，其后的從句才是真正的主語從句。要注意以下各種情況不宜用if而要用whether: ?

① I didn't know whether you'll go or not. (因句中有or not選項。)?

② He didn't know whether to visit the old man. (因用于不定式前。)?

③ I'm interested in whether he'll go. (因作介詞的賓語從句。)?

④ I want to know the news whether our team will win. (同位語從句。)?

⑤ Let me know whether you can come. (此句如用if則含意有所不同，其意就變?yōu)?quot;如果你能來請通知我"。而用whether則意為"讓我知道你是否能來"。)?

who ?

［誤］ Whom do you think would like to come for a game of football??

［正］ Who do you think would like to come for a game of football??

［析］ 在這個句式中"do you think"應看作插入語，所以原句應為Who would like to come for a game of football??

［誤］ From who was the gift??

［正］ From whom was the gift??

［正］ Who was that gift from??

［析］ 在句首時現(xiàn)代英語常用who取代whom，而在緊跟介詞時則不能用who來取代whom.?

why ?

［誤］ Why not to go to the park??

［正］ Why not go to the park??

［析］ why not后面接不帶to的不定式，也可以用why don't you go with her??

win ?

［誤］ We have won your class.?

［正］ We have beaten your class.?

［析］ win 是及物動詞，其后的賓語應是比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎品、獎金，如： Which team won the football match?而beat是指"打敗"對手、敵人，如： My brother beat me at poker. (請注意，beat是不規(guī)則動詞，其過去式與原形相同，而過去分詞為beaten. )?

wish ?

［誤］ I hope you to be a good student.?

［正］ I wish you to be a good student.?

［析］ hope不能加賓語再加賓語補足語，而wish則可以，如： I wish you luck. (我祝你走運。)?

without ?

［誤］ I can't do this work well without you help me.?

［正］ I can't do this work well without your help.?

［析］ without其后接動名詞或名詞而不接從句。?

work ?

［誤］ This girl is looking for a work at the bank.?

［正］ This girl is looking for a job at the bank.?

［析］ "找工作"一般應為to find a job，而works作為"工作"講為不可數(shù)名詞，不能加不定冠詞，也不可用復數(shù)。當work作為"作品"、"著作"講時，為可數(shù)名詞，如： This painting is one of his great works. 而works作為"工廠"講時單復數(shù)形式相同，如：an iron works或two iron works. 作主語時其謂語動詞可用單數(shù)，如： The steel works is closed for the holidays.?

write ?

［誤］ You may write with ink.?

［正］ You may write in ink.?

［正］ You may write with a pen.?

［析］ "用……寫"這一表達法要看用的是什么： 如果用鋼筆則應用with, 如： Please fill in this form with a pen. 但講用墨水時則要用in.?

yesterday ?

［誤］ I came across my old friend yesterday night.?

［正］ I came across my old friend last night.?

［析］ "昨晚"應譯為last night.