3．Here's how Brandon spends several hours each day：he walks up to strangers in New York City，asks for permission to take their pictures and then interviews them．
 With a combination of friendliness and good，but not excellent，photography skills，Stanton has achieved one of the most unlikely success stories in a city filled with them．The 29-year-old began posting photos and quotations on his Facebook page，Tumblr blog and personal website，humansofnewyork．com，three years ago，and has owned more than one million fans．
  Now，hundreds of those pictures and interviews have been collected into a book，Human of New York，which landed into No.1 spot on the New York Times hardcover nonfiction （精裝非小說類）best-seller list after its first week on sale．
  Stanton，a hybrid（混合） of interviewer，photographer and eager chronicler（歷史記錄者），is a Georgia native with no training as a journalist．He has owned two cameras in his life and admits he has never learned the technically correct way to use them．When he started the project in 2010，he had just lost his job as a bond trader in Chicago and decided to shift to a completely new career．When he moved to New York，he was friendless and nearly broke．Much of his time was spent on ambitious project of photographing10，000 people and mapping their whereabouts as a sort of virtual map of New York．
Initially，people didn't pay any attention to him，which made him disappointed．But he went on and his project gradually attracted an audience，starting with mostly people in their 20s．He has transformed himself into a recognizable face with a high income．
 Yaniv Soha，Stanton's editor，said the young man has the rare gift of being able to connect with random people．"It's about the stories as much as it is about the photos，"Soha said．"It's really about his ability to relate to people and convey what makes them individual．"
51．What does Brandon Standon spend hours doing every day？C
A．Dreaming about ambitious projects．
B．Trying to get more fans to visit his personal website．
C．Taking photos of strangers and interviewing them．
D．Getting strangers to share their secrets with him．
52．What makes strangers willing to talk to Standon？A
A．His friendliness
B．His high photography skill．
C．His handsome look
D．His best selling books．
53．When Stanton started his picture and interview project，A．
A．he barely had any money
B．he had just quit his old job and started a new one
C．he had made many good friends in New York
D．he had already been famous on the Internet
54．According to Santon's editor，what has made him successful？B
a．He is good at communicating．
b．He is skilled in photographing．
c．He knows how to chronicle important events．
d．He conveys what makes people individual．
A．a，b               B．a，d                 C．b，d                 D．b，c
55．What's the right order of the following events？C
a．Human of New York became a best-seller．
b．Standon lost his job as a bond trader in Chicago．
c．He started his project and few people paid attention．
d．Standon posted photos and quotations on his Facebook page．
A．b-a-c-d            B．a-c-b-d              C．b-c-d-a          D．b-d-a-c．

2．There is no second chance…there is no chance of making mistakes．"
 That's why Dr．Omer Mei-Dan and others who enjoyed base-jumping and wingsuit（翼裝） flying were sad but not surprised by the recent deaths of three extreme sports enthusiasts．
Mark Sutton，the English parachutist（跳傘者），died on August 14 in Switzerland when he flew into a rocky ridge（山脊） in a wingsuit．Not even a week afterward，Mario Richard，a Canadian base-jumper，died in Italy during a wingsuit flight，when he"apparently failed to clear a rock by three meters．"And most recently，Hungarian wingsuit flyer Victor Kovats died in Tianmen Mountain National Forest Park in Zhangjiajie on Oct.9 during a practice flight ahead of the World Championships．
According to Mei-Dan，six to seven percent of the 3，000 or so base-jumpers who use wingsuits or parachutes die each year-a huge number when you consider the most dangerous job in America，logging which has an annual death rate well under one percent of the workers．
Base-jumpers and wingsuit flyers are experienced．They have hundreds of practice before trying to fly from buildings，cliffs and towers．The same goes for those who drop from helicopters above mountains and valleys and then use their wingsuits to try to whiz by（飛速掠過） as close as possible to the rocks and ridges below．
Among the dangers，said Mei-Dan，is the temptation to"push the envelope"：To try to get close to a rock wall，for example，than anyone else．"When you push the envelope and you can not have any error at all，or you have to pay for it with your life．"
So why do it？The experience of flying toward the ground in a wingsuit is almost indescribable．"It's something that you really have to try to understand-what type of feeling you get when you're free falling next to a cliff，"Mei-Dan said．
41．What's the main idea of the first paragraph？D
A．Trying wingsuit flying once is enough．
B．Wingsuit flying is always easy to do．
C．Wingsuit flying lasts only a short time．
D．Even a single mistake in wingsuit flying is disastrous．
42．How did other flyers react to the recent deaths of their fellows？D
A．They thought the deaths could have been avoided．
B．They felt the need of reconsidering the safety of wingsuit flying．
C．They were sad and were in deep sorrow．
D．They felt sad but did not find the deaths surprising．
43．What does the third paragraph tell us？A
A．How the three wingsuit flyers died
B．Why wingsuit flying is so dangerous．
C．Where wingsuit flying is most dangerous
D．What a wingsuit flyer's career is like．
44．What does the underlined phrase"push the envelope"mean？D
A．To attempt to push further in a wingsuit．
B．To risk moving the envelope away．
C．To be determined to give up on oneself．
D．To try to go beyond the normal limits of something．
45．The extreme sports enthusiasts like wingsuit flying because theyC．
A．want to know what it feels like           
B．wish to describe the experience
C．enjoy the wonderful experience        
D．devote themselves to scientific research．

1．In Los Angeles，drivers spend sixty-one hours every year stuck in traffic．These drivers know all too well how bad the traffic can be．"There're too many cars，and you can't move around a lot．"
Professor Cyrus Shahabi also knows about traffic jams．He lives more than 65 kilometers from his office at the University of Southern California，in Los Angeles．He is always late even with the help of a navigation （導航） system．
He decided to develop a program called ClearPath for that．He says his program uses historical data to predict traffic conditions even before the driver leaves the house．"What's unique is that we use a lot of data that's currently become available including traffic data，weather data，and we analyze that so that we can predict what's going to happen in front of you when you leave home．"
Professor Shahabi says his system does more than just respond to current traffic conditions．With ClearPath，he says，a driver can decide what time he wants to leave，and ClearPath will give the fastest route．It looks at the entire road network，including surface streets as well as highways，before the driver hits the road．Professor Shahabi hopes to have ClearPath available nationwide and overseas once they can collect traffic data from other cities．
"I always thought that Los Angeles had the worst traffic，but now I know that Shanghai，Beijing，Seoul，Tokyo，believe it or not，Singapore，Hong Kong certainly are examples that can immediately use this．"
Professor Shahabi hopes to share this new technology with companies that already have navigation systems，such as Google and Apple．

32．Drivers in Los Angeles were mentioned in order toD．
A．show care for them
B．introduce their life
C．solve traffic problems
D．raise the topic
33．What is unique about ClearPath？D
A．It can use a lot of information all over the world．
B．It can ensure that you will never be late for work．
C．It helps drivers see clearly what happens on the road．
D．It helps drivers know the road conditions ahead of time．
34．The underlined word"hits"in the fifth paragraph probably meansB．
A．have an accident
B．get to
C．turn left or right
D．collect traffic data
35．What's Professor Shahabi's attitude toward his invention？C
A．Disappointed．
B．Proud．
C．Optimistic．
D．Worried．

20．We have entered a new age of embedded（嵌入式的），intuitive（直覺的） computing in which our homes，cars，stores，farms，and factories have the ability to think，sense，understand，and respond to our needs．It's not science fiction，but the dawn of a new age．
Most people might not realize it yet，but we are already feeling the impact of what's known as the third wave of computing．In small but significant ways it is helping us live healthier and more secure lives．If you drive a 2014Mercedes Benz，for example，an"intelligent"system tries to keep you from hitting a pedestrian．A farmer in Nigeria relies on weather sensors that communicate with his mobile device．Forgot your medicine？A new pill bottle from AdhereTech reminds you through text or automatic phone messages that it's time to take a pill．
Technology is being integrated（融入） into our natural behaviors，with real-time data connecting our physical and digital worlds．With this dramatic shift in our relationship to technology，companies can adapt their products and services．
To understand how revolutionary the third wave is，we ought to consider how far we have come．The first wave began when companies started to manage their operations through mainframe computer systems over 50years ago．Then computing got"personal"in the 1980s and the 1990s with the introduction of the PC （personal computer）．For the most part，computing remained immobile and lacked contextual awareness．
In computing's second wave，mobile computing and the smartphone took center stage．Billions of people，some of whom might not have had access to clean water，electricity，or even housing，were connected．Developers created applications and provided consumers with access to just about everything through their phone at the cost of a monthly data plan．
As the third wave keeps developing，designers must meet the demands of consumers who want to experiment with new technology．
Historically，designers have focused their attention on a product's form and function．While that still matters，of course，the definition of a meaningful user experience has expanded significantly and will continue to do so．Instead of creating a single product，designers will need to imagine a series of connected products and services that have awareness of each other and their surroundings．

74．Why are three examples given in Paragraph 2？D．
A．To tell us that human beings are smarter and smarter．
B．To illustrate the importance and necessity of technology．
C．To prove that we are living healthier and more secure lives．
D．To show the impact of the third wave of computing on our life．
75．In the first wave of computingD．
A．companies'operations were reliable on computer systems
B．computing had awareness of people's needs in the context
C．people could have access to computing almost everywhere
D．it was possible for people to experience computing at home
76．Which of the following is a situation in the third wave of computing？C．
A．There's no need to create a single product．
B．The definition of the user experience is more significant．
C．Products and services are not independent of each other．
D．The products'form and functions are no longer important．
77．What can we conclude from the passage about the new age we are facing？B．
A．There's a shift of attention from people's physical worlds to their digital worlds．
B．There's closer relationship between technology and people's natural behaviours．
C．People live more happily with the convenience brought by advanced technology．
D．People become lazier with the products that can think and respond to their needs．

19．Dear Lee，
As I told you，I'll be gone until Wednesday morning．Thank you so much for taking on my"children"while I'm away．Like real children，they can be kind of irritating sometimes，but I'm going to enjoy myself so much more knowing they're getting some kind human attention．Remember that Regina （the"queen"in Latin，and she acts like one） is teething．If you don't watch her，she'll chew anything，including her sister，the cat．There are plenty of chew toys around the house．Whenever she starts gnawing on anything illegal，just divert her with one of those．She generally settles right down to a good hour-long chew．Then you'll see her wandering around whimpering with the remains of the toy in her mouth．She gets really frustrated because what she wants is to bury the thing．She'll try to dig a hole between the cushions of the couch．Finding that unsatisfactory，she'll wander some more，discontent，until you solve her problem for her．I usually show her the laundry basket，moving a few clothes so she can bury her toy beneath them．I do sound like a parent，don't I？You have to understand，my own son is practically grown up．
Regina's food is the Puppy Chow in the utility room，where the other pet food is stored．Give her a bowl once in the morning and once in the evening．No more than that，no matter how much she begs．Beagles（獵犬） are notorious overeaters，according to her breeder，and I don't want her to lose her girlish figure．She can share Rex （the King's） water，but be sure it's changed daily．She needs to go out several times a day，especially last thing at night and first thing in the morning．Let her stay out for about ten minutes each time，so she can do all her business．She also needs a walk in the afternoon，after which it's important to romp with her for awhile in the yard．The game she loves most is fetch，but be sure to make her drop the ball．She'd rather play tug of war with it．Tell her，"Sit!"Then，when she does，say，"Drop it!"Be sure to tell her"good girl，"and then throw the ball for her．I hope you'll enjoy these sessions as much as I do．
Now，for the other two，Rex and Paws…（letter continues）
 
66．The tone of this letter is best described asA．
A．chatty and humorous                 
B．logical and precise
C．confident and trusting                  
D．humble and preachy
67．The information in the note is sufficient to determine that there are three animals．They areC．
A．two cats and a dog                  
B．three dogs
C．a dog，a cat，and an unspecified animal
D．a cat，a dog，and a parrot
68．From the context of the note，it is most likely that the name"Rex"isD．
A．Spanish          B．English        C．French        D．Latin
69．If the sitter is to follow the owner's directions in playing fetch with Regina，at what point will he or she tell Regina"good girl"？D
A．Every time Regina goes after the ball
B．After Regina finds the ball．
C．When Regina brings the ball back
D．After Regina drops the ball．

18．Five years ago，David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day．"I was a clothes addict．"he jokes．"I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．"Today David wears casual clothes-khaki pants and a sports shirt-to the office．He hardly ever wears a necktie．"I am working harder than ever．"David says，"and I need to feel comfortable．"
    More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work．In the United States，the change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual．In the early 1990s，many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday（but only on Friday）．This became known as"dress-down Friday"or"casual Friday"．"What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing．"said business consultant Maisly Jones．
    Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes？One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code．""A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work，"says the owner of a software company，"so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative（保守的）dress code．"Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes．In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company，85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale（心境，士氣）．Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative influence on productivity．Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money．"Suits are expensive，if you have to wear one every day，"one person said．"For the same amount of money，you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"

29．David Smith refers to himself as having been"a clothes addict，"becauseC．
A．he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
B．he couldn't stand a clean appearance
C．he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time
D．he didn't want to spend much money on clothes
30．David Smith wears casual clothes now，becauseA．
A．they make him feel at ease when working
B．he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes
C．he looks handsome in casual clothes
D．he no longer works for any company
31．In this passage，the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPTB．
A．saving employees'money
B．making employees more attractive
C．improving employees'motivation
D．making employees happier．

17．Walking，cycling or hopping on to public transport are the best ways to travel with a clean conscience．Yet cars remain an important option for many families because of its convenience．For people in rural areas，or with mobility problems，a car can be an essential lifeline．
Drive with style
No matter what kind of car you run，the least reliable part will be you：your driving style has a massive impact on the fuel needed，with acceleration，gear-changing and braking all playing a significant role．
Inching along at the pace of a child's tricycle might feel frugal but won't magically yield peak economy．In most modern cars，accelerate normally，changing up at 2，000rpm in a diesel，or 2，500rpm in a petrol-powered car．Once at a sensible steady speed，choose the highest gear that will let the engine run without labouring．
A number of eco-driving apps are available for smartphones，to help you improve your smoothness．The A Glass of Water iPhone app offers tips to help you avoid spilling a drop．The free RAC Traffic app is also a great way to avoid wasting fuel in traffic jams．
It's also important to：
●Check tyre pressures once a month．
●Leave junk at home．Carrying extra weight in the boot wastes excess fuel．
●Leave in good time and don't speed．An extra 10mph on the motorway will add 10% to your fuel bill．
Power plays
It may be decades before alternative fuels such as hydrogen become commonplace，but hybrid cars that use battery power to boost a petrol or diesel engine are already available in every category．It means many families might find an electric vehicle ideal as a second car．
Sell your wheels，still travel by car
If you need a car for short periods，such as shopping，and live in a city，then consider a short-term car-hire service such as Zipcar instead of owning a car．If you're travelling longer distances，pay your share of the fuel costs to someone who's already driving there．
 
70．What can you infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2？B
A．Choosing a fuel-saving car matters more than your driving style．
B．Your driving style matters most to the fuel needed．
C．You should rely on yourself to drive a car．
D．Whether a car saves fuel depends largely on the car you choose．
71．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 most probably mean？C
A．ecological    B．convenient       C．economical       D．beneficial
 72．Which of the following is NOT a suggested way of saving fuel according to the writer？A
A．Driving along at a very low speed．
B．Checking tyre pressures regularly．
C．Putting the extra weight off the boot．
D．Applying the eco-driving apps on smartphones．
73．Which may be the best choice for a visiting scholar who frequently gives lectures at colleges in a neighboring town？C
A．Walking
B．Owning an electric vehicle
C．Renting a car
D．Buying a stylish car．

16．-My deskmate has been admitted by Oxford University for her excellent grades．
-______________That's wonderful．（　�。�

	A．	Congratulations!		B．	Has she？
	C．	That's all right		D．	Do you agree？

15．-Our family are going to Hawaii for a holiday．
-______________．Its beach is very attractive．（　�。�

A．

You're crazy

B．

It's all right

C．

You're lucky

D．

It's surprising

14．-What shall we do tonight？
-______．It's up to you．（　�。�

	A．	It all depends		B．	No problem
	C．	I don't care		D．	Don't mention it