__________ the program , they have to stay there for another two weeks.

A. Not completing

B. Not having completed

C. Not completed

D. Having not completed

It’s never a real problem for us when the weather gets cold. We can put on more clothes, stay next to a fireplace, turn on the air conditioner or simply travel to a warmer city to spend the winter – people have many different ways of dealing with the cold.

But things are not as easy for plants. Unlike humans, plants can’t move to escape the cold or generate heat ( 發(fā)熱) to keep themselves warm. So how do they manage to survive the freezing winter?

It turns out that plants have their own strategies （策略） too, said a study published on Dec 22 in the journal Nature.

According to researcher Amy Zanne of George Washington University, US, the cold is a big challenge for plants. Their living tissues （活組織） can be damaged when they freeze. “It’s like a plant’s equivalent to frostbite ( 相當(dāng)于凍瘡),” Zanne told Science Daily. Also, the process of freezing and thawing (解凍) can cause air bubbles （氣泡） to form in the plant’s water transport system. “If enough of these air bubbles come together as water thaws they can block the flow of water from the roots to the leaves and kill the plant,” she explained.

To live through cold weather, plants have developed three traits （特性） , according to the study. Some plants, such as oak trees（橡樹）, avoid freezing damage by dropping their leaves before the winter chill sets in – effectively shutting off the flow of water between roots and leaves – and growing new leaves and water transport cells when the warm spring returns.

Other plants, pine trees（松樹） for example, protect themselves by narrowing their water transport cells, which makes it easier for cells to travel among air bubbles.

The third strategy is also the most extreme – some plants die on the ground in winter and start growing as new plants from seeds when conditions get warmer.

However, the study also found that these smart strategies were developed very slowly – over millions

of years of evolution （ 進化）. This leads scientists to worry that plants may not be able to deal with human-caused climate change, which has only started occurring over the past few decades.

Scientists are hoping that this study can help people find possible ways to save plants from the threat

of climate change.

1.What is the article mainly about?

A. Why plants are not afraid of the winter chill.

B. The ways that plants survive cold weather.

C. Changes in plants’ water transport system in winter.

D. How plants evolve to keep up with climate change.

2.According to the article, if a plant freezes in the winter, ______.

A. it produces more living tissues to stay alive

B. its leaves quickly fall out and its roots begin to die

C. lots of air bubbles form in its water transport system

D. its water transport system could be blocked in the spring

3.What are scientists worried about when it comes to plants according to the article?

A. Plants may not be able to adapt to the increasingly cold climate.

B. Human activities might have a great impact on the pace of plants’ evolution.

C. Plants may not be able to evolve fast enough to adapt to human-caused climate change.

D. The strategies plants develop are not good enough to protect them against cold.

假設(shè)你是西安一中的李華，將參加主題為"Let's Ride Bicycles"的英語演講比賽。請撰寫一份演講稿，主要內(nèi)容包括：

目前汽車帶來的空氣污染和交通堵塞等問題；

騎自行車的益處，如節(jié)能環(huán)保、有利健康等。

參考詞匯：低碳生活（low-carbon life）；節(jié)能（energy-saving）

注意： 1.詞數(shù)：120詞左右；

演講稿開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，且該部分不計入總詞數(shù)。

Good morning, everyone!

I am Li Hua , from Zhengzhou No.1 Middle School. The topic of my speech is "Let's Ride Bicycles".

Most probably it will be another 7 hours _____ you can have next meal, so each of you must have your stomach full.

A. since B. when C. after D. before

She is not going to buy the sofa because it _____ too much room in the living room.

A. takes away B. takes on

C. takes down D. takes up

Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance the well-being (health and happiness) of local inhabitants.

Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.

On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first-class roads, and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.

Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers（陰溝） to handle waste, arid water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.

1.Which of the following has most probably been discussed in the paragraph that goes before the passage?

A. It is extremely important to develop tourism.

B. Building roads and hotels is essential.

C. Support facilities are highly necessary.

D. Planning is of great importance to tourism.

2.Too much tourism can cause all these problems EXCEPT ______.

A. a bad impact on other industries

B. A change of tourists’ customs

C. overcrowdedness of places of interest

3.It is good for local people to be well aware that tourism will _____.

A. use up a large amount of water

B. weaken their economy

C. help establish their traditions

D. help improve their life

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. essentialB. endangeredC. goingD. performanceE. crises

F. supposedG. consequenceH. materialI. exposedJ. involves

As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the 1.from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is 2.for a healthy mind and body.

Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as is often 3. to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor 4.and ill health.

The amount of stress a person can stand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime5. for managerial responsibilities; others lose heart at the first sign of unusual difficulties. When6.to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between “flight or fight” and in more primitive (遠古的) days the choices made the difference between life or death. The 7. we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it 8.the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes 9. Since we can’t remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.

—Our teachers and parents always warn us not to smoke.

—Yes, actually, the risk of heart disease is a powerful argument ____ smoking.

A. against B. for

C. into D. at

The old man had one son and two daughters, treated him well, made him very sad.

A. neither of whom; that

B. neither of them; which

C. none of whom; which

D. none of them; which

Why ________ it rain on Sundays? We can’t go camping as planned. What a pity！

A. should B. can

C. must D. may