【題目】
【1】How pale that girl is! I am sure she __________(fall down).
【2】Ann __________(watch) TV a lot when she was sick at home last week.
【3】I __________(cycle) home yesterday when a man stepped out in front of me.
【4】So far this year we __________(see) a rise in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.
【5】It __________(not rain) very much in summer in Beijing.
【答案】
【1】is going to fall down
【2】watched
【3】was cycling
【4】have seen
【5】doesn't rain
【解析】動詞作為句子主干的核心部分之一,其時態(tài)和語態(tài)一直都是考查的重點和難點。本題考查動詞時態(tài),時態(tài),顧名思義,是“時間”和“動作狀態(tài)”的排列組合。時間分為過去、現在和將來,而動作的狀態(tài)也可以分為三種,即一般式、進行式和完成式,因此它們的結合,就構成了英語中比較熟悉的各種時態(tài)形式,如一般現在時,過去進行時,現在完成時等等。
【1】is going to fall down 考查be going to表將來。句意:這個女孩多么虛弱。∥铱此伎煲さ沽。is going to fall down在此處表示有跡象表明的將來的動作。
【2】watched 考查一般過去時態(tài)。根據時間狀語when she was sick at home last week可知,主句應該用一般過去時。句意:安上周生病在家的時候看了很多電視。
【3】was cycling 考查when作并列連詞的固定用法。was/were doing… when … (某人)正在做……就在這時……。句意:昨天我正騎車回家,就在這時有一個人走到我前面。
此處的when為并列連詞,意為“恰在此時(and at that time)”,它和引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞when是不同的。這主要表現在以下幾個方面:
1. 位置:when引導時間狀語從句時,該從句可放在主句之前也可放在主句之后;而并列連詞when只能位于兩個分句之間,而且前面常常有逗號。例如:
Come when you please. 你高興來就來吧。(when為從屬連詞)
When I saw him, he was writing to a friend of his. 我看見他時,他在給一個朋友寫信。( when 為從屬連詞)
I was taking a walk when I came across him. 我正在散步,突然碰見了他。(when為并列連詞)
2. 意義:when作從屬連詞用時,它所引導的從句表示主句中謂語動詞動作發(fā)生的時間,即作“當……時”解;而并列連詞when連接的兩個分句中,第一個分句表示的是背景,第二個分句表示的是一種突然的、意想不到的情況或過早發(fā)生的事情。when 通常含“這時突然”之義。例如:
I was thinking of this, when I heard my name called. 我正想著這件事,突然聽到有人叫我的名字。
I had just fallen asleep, when the boor-bell rang. 我剛入睡,門鈴突然響了起來。
3. 時態(tài):when引導的時間狀語從句中可以根據句意的需要用一般現在時、一般過去時、過去進行時說明現在,過去,甚至將來的行為;并列連詞when后面的分句中通常用非延續(xù)性動詞的一般過去時。
作為并列連詞的when常用于以下句式:
(1)過去進行時表示過去某時間正在進行的動作。
I was cooking when I heard her knocking at the door. 我正在做飯,突然聽到她敲門的聲音。
(2)was /were going to,was / were about to,was / were on the point of表示過去某一時間將要發(fā)生的動作。
I was just going when he came in. 我正要走,這時他就進來了。
We were about to start when it began to rain. 我們剛要動身天就開始下起雨來了。
He was on the point of leaving, when someone knocked at the door. 他剛要走就有人敲門。
(3)過去完成時表示過早發(fā)生的事情。含否定意義的hardly,scarcely,nearly連用,或者just,little,或者否定詞not應用于過去完成時,并與when連用時,表示“剛……,就……”的意思。
I had hardly opened the door when he hit me.
我剛一開門他就打了我一下。
I had been there little more than a week when I set to work in earnest.
我到那兒還不超過一個星期就開始認真干起活來。
【4】have seen 考查現在完成時。根據時間狀語so far this year (今年到現在為止)可知,句子的時態(tài)應該為現在完成時。句意:今年到目前為止,我們目睹了房價增長了百分之五到十。
【5】doesn’t rain 考查一般現在時。一般現在時表示通常性、規(guī)律性、習慣性、真理性的狀態(tài)或者動作有時間規(guī)律發(fā)生的事件。句意:北京夏天不太經常下雨。
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【寫作內容】
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