13.In early societies,people relied on a simple system of exchange(交換).Perhaps a good hunter had more animal skins than he could use.His neighbor,a good fisherman,might have too many fish but needed furs to protect his children from the cold.Both soon realized that their problems could be easily solved by exchanging what they did not need for what they did need.This method of exchange is called barter.The word comes from the Italian barattare and the French barater,which mean"to trade."
As societies developed,people in ancient times turned to many different things in the search for a good way of exchange,or money.One of the earliest forms of money was cattle (牛).The richest person was the one who owned the most farm animals,such as cows and sheep.Cattle were called capitale in Latin,and from that Latin word we get the English word"capital,"meaning"wealth."
But people came to realize that this new method often failed to produce satisfactory results.A cow or a sheep must be fed and cared for.Sometimes they died of disease.Some animals were fat and some were thin.A person who wanted to sell something might believe that it was worth much more than one cow.The buyer might not be willing to give the seller two.Paying a cow and a half was certainly not a good way to solve the problem.
When people began to trade with people who lived far away,again a new way of exchange had to be found.Soon such things as grain (谷物) and salt came into use.They could be weighed exactly.They could be stored and transported easily.Roman soldiers were sometimes paid in salt.And it is from salarium,the Latin word for"salt money,"that our own word"salary (薪水)"comes.We still speak of people as not being worth their salt if they do not do their jobs well.
33.The buyer in Paragraph 3 probably feltB.
A.his cows were healthy and fat
B.using cows as money had disadvantages
C.the price set by the seller was too high
D.he should give the seller sheep instead of cows
34.The performance of someone worth his salt isD.
A.worrying
B.surprising
C.Disappointing
D.satisfying
35.The text probably comes from an article aboutA.
A.the history of money
B.the development of society
C.simple systems of exchange
D.some interesting Latin words.
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了貨幣的歷史,人們從以物易物到有了鹽和糧食作為貨幣.
解答 33.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第三段The buyer might not be willing to give the seller two.Paying a cow and a half was certainly not a good way to solve the problem可知買方可能覺得使用牛羊做交易有缺點;故選B.
34.D.推理判斷題.根據(jù)最后一段And it is from salarium,the Latin word for"salt money,"that our own word"salary (薪水)"comes.We still speak of people as not being worth their salt if they do not do their jobs well可知worth their salt 的表現(xiàn)意為令人滿意的;故選D.
35.A.推理判斷題.根據(jù)最后一段When people began to trade with people who lived far away,again a new way of exchange had to be found.Soon such things as grain (谷物) and salt came into use可知文本可能來自一篇關(guān)于貨幣的歷史的書;故選A
點評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.