【題目】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

With the 【1】(develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more and more serious.In Beijing, many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because 【2】 air pollution.

Air pollution is caused by the following 【3】(reason): about half of the problem is caused by vehicles.There are more and more cars, buses on the roads, and they give off 【4】(poison) gases.25% of air pollution is caused by factories.Another factor is the smokers.Smoking not only does harm to their health 【5】 to others.【6】(beside) these, about 10% of air pollution is caused by other reasons.

We should take some measures to fight 【7】 pollution.New fuel can be used to take 【8】 place of gas.We can plant more trees.If everybody realizes the 【9】(important) of the environment and does something to stop pollution, the problem will 【10】(solve)．

【答案】

【1】development

【2】of

【3】reasons

【4】poisonous

【5】but

【6】Besides

【7】against

【8】the

【9】importance

【10】be_solved

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文，隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展，空氣污染越來越嚴(yán)重，文章分析了導(dǎo)致空氣污染的原因：車輛尾氣、工業(yè)污染、吸煙以及其他因素。

【1】考查名詞。句意：隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展，空氣污染正變得越來越嚴(yán)重。句中定冠詞the的后面要接名詞做介詞with的賓語，所以要填名詞development。

【2】考查介詞短語。句意：在北京因為空氣污染很多人患上了不同種類的疾病。連詞because后要接句子表示原因，介詞短語because of后要接名詞或名詞短語表示原因。句中橫線后使用了名詞短語air pollution，要用介詞短語because of，所以要填介詞of。

【3】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：空氣污染是由于下列原因?qū)е碌�。本段列舉了導(dǎo)致空氣污染的原因有車輛尾氣、工廠污染以及吸煙等，說明多個原因?qū)е驴諝馕廴�，要使用�?fù)數(shù)形式。所以要填reasons。

【4】考查形容詞。句意：路上有越來越多的汽車和公交車，它們都發(fā)出有毒的氣體。句中名詞gases前面需要使用形容詞poisonous修飾，所以要填形容詞poisonous。

【5】考查連詞短語。句意：吸煙不僅他們的健康有害，而且對其他人也有害。連詞短語not only…but also….不但…而且…，可以連接兩個并列結(jié)構(gòu)，其中also可以省略。所以要填but。

【6】考查介詞。句意：除此之外，大約百分之十的空氣污染是由其他原因?qū)е碌�。介詞besides除…之外；句中代詞these做它的賓語。所以要填besides。

【7】考查動詞短語。句意：我們應(yīng)該采取一些措施與污染做斗爭。動詞短語fight against…與…做斗爭，名詞pollution做它的賓語。所以要填介詞against。

【8】考查固定短語。句意：新能源可以被用來代替汽油。動詞短語take the place of代替…；使用要填定冠詞the。

【9】考查名詞。句意：如果每個人都意識到環(huán)境的重要性并阻止污染，這個問題就會被解決。句中名詞importance做動詞realize的賓語。所以要填importance。

【10】考查語態(tài)。句意：如果每個人都意識到環(huán)境的重要性并阻止污染，這個問題就會被解決。主語the problem與動詞solve構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，要使用過去分詞表示被動。所以要填solved。

本文小題4考查了詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句中名詞gases前面需要使用形容詞poisonous修飾，所以要填形容詞poisonous。我們要特別注意此題中所填詞的語法功能，如果要填的詞做表語，定語或補語，通常用形容詞形式；根據(jù)該詞在句子所作句子成分確定用哪種形式。

例句1：If diseased tissue is found ,a _____ (power) laser（激光） can be used to burn it away…

解析：在冠詞與名詞之間，要用形容詞，作定語，故填powerful。

例句2：Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _____ (interest) in the subject

解析：因所填詞在句中作賓語most of their students的補足語，用形容詞；表示“感興趣的”，填interested。

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