Question

【題目】任務型閱讀

請閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。

注意：每個空格只填一個單詞。

Bird migration (遷徙)

The man reason for migration or movement is food; for example, some birds may choose not to migrate if they are fed through the cold months. Changes in the day length are signals for migration and relate to the physical changes in the birds. Birds will also display restlessness and increase their fat deposition(沉積). During shorter days in the fall, birds will return to warmer areas where they find adequate food supply.

Many smaller insect-eating birds migrate large distances usually at night. They may feed for a new days before continuing their course of travel. An advantage for night migrating is that it minimizes the threat of predators(食肉動物), allowing the birds to feed during the day and avoid overheating.

The migration for these birds is based on a number of different senses. Many birds use the sun as a compass. The ability to detect magnetic field (磁場), use of visual landmarks, as well as their sense of smell are used to help travel during migration. Bird migration is a strong genetic factor in terms of timing and route, which can be influenced by temperature. Migratory birds may use two tools to find their destinations; innate capability(genetically programmed) and experience. A first-timer migrant(候鳥) flies according to the Earth’s magnetic field, but does not know how far it will take until it grows accustomed to the journey and is able to use its other capabilities. With experience it learns various landmarks often called “mapping”.

Migration is mainly seen in the Northern Hemisphere and less obvious in the Southern Hemisphere. This is due to the lack of significant weather changes and the continual supply of food for the birds. A common pattern in migration involves flying north in the spring to bread(繁殖) during the summer and traveling to the south in the fall into warmer regions. No two species follow the exact route from beginning to end. Migrations narrow into one or more preferred routes or often called “flyways”. Flyways mainly follow coasts, sometimes rives, or mountain ranges. There are four major North American flyways; the Atlantic, the Mississippi, the Central and the Pacific Flyways. The flyways are not defined in their boundaries and at times may be combined into one.

In fact, long distance migrants move away from each other as young birds and form attachments to potential breeding and wintering sites. Once the site attachment is made, birds show high site-faith, visiting the same sites year after year. You will want to ensure your nesting boxes are cleaned out and available when these birds return to keep the cycle going for these migrating species.

Bird migration
Passage outline	Supporting details
Why do birds migrate?	Besides【1】_____, migration has something to do with birds’ physical changes and day length changes.
What are the advantages of night migrating?	◇Night migrating helps minimize the 【2】_______ of being threatened by predators. ◇Night migrating allows birds to feed enough during the day with out overheating.
【3】______ do birds migrate?	◇The sun, magnetic field, visual landmarks and the sense of smell are all 【4】____for birds to migrate. ◇Environmental changes are connected with birds’ timing and route. ◇Not only magnetic field but also some other capabilities and 【5】_____ relate to a first-timer migrant’s flying.
Where do birds migrate?	◇Migration mainly takes place in the 【6】_____ Hemisphere. ◇With four major flyways birds mainly fly 【7】______ coasts, rivers, or mountain ranges.
What 【8】________ can you draw from the bird migration?	◇Birds are 【9】_______ to their site attachment very much. ◇You must make sure the clean boxes are 【10】______ before the birds come back.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】food

【2】possibility/chance

【3】How

【4】helpful

【5】experience

【6】Northern

【7】following/along

【8】conclusion

【9】faithful

【10】available/ready

【解析】

試題分析：本文是科普說明文。文章講述鳥類遷徙的原因、時間、地點以及遷徙的方式等內(nèi)容。

【1】food 考查原詞重現(xiàn)。第一段第一句“The man reason for migration or movement is food;” food在題目原文中都出現(xiàn)，可見，填原詞food。

【2】possibility/chance 考查同義表述。從第二段第三句“An advantage for night migrating is that it minimizes the threat of predators(食肉動物), allowing the birds to feed during the day and avoid overheating”題目和原句都講述了夜間遷徙減少了被食肉動物襲擊的幾率、機會、可能。

【3】How 考查同義概括。根據(jù)右欄講述的是鳥類如何遷徙，故填How，表示方式。

【4】helpful 考查詞性轉換。根據(jù)第三段第三句“their sense of smell are used to help travel during migration.”可見，把原文中的動詞are used to help轉化為形容詞helpful。

【5】experience 考查原詞重現(xiàn)。從第三段第五句“Migratory birds may use two tools to find their destinations; innate capability(genetically programmed) and experience.”可知，空格處填入experience。

【6】Northern 考查原詞重現(xiàn)。從第四段第一句“Migration is mainly seen in the Northern Hemisphere”中可知，空格處填入Northern。

【7】following/along 考查詞性轉換或同義轉換。從第四段第六句“Flyways mainly follow coasts, sometimes rives, or mountain ranges.”可把原文中的動詞follow轉化為非謂語following；也可把原句的follow“沿著”轉換成along。

【8】conclusion 考查語篇概括。最后一段是總結段。What后需要名詞，故用conclusion。我們從鳥類的遷徙中得到什么結論？

【9】faithful 考查詞性轉換。從第五段第二句“Once the site attachment is made, birds show high site-faith, visiting the same sites year after year.”可把原文中的名詞轉化為形容詞。

【10】available/ready 考查原詞重現(xiàn)。最后一段最后一句“You will want to ensure your nesting boxes are cleaned out and available”可知，考查原句中的available。也可以填ready，表示“準備好的”