14．Jogging has become the most popular individual sport in America．Many theories，even some mystical （神秘的） ones，have been advanced to explain the popularity of jogging．The plain truth is that jogging is a cheap，quick and efficient way to maintain （or achieve ）physical fitness．
The most useful sort of exercise is exercise that develops the heart，lungs，and circulatory（循環(huán)的）systems．If these systems are fit，the body is ready for almost any sport and for almost any sudden demand made by work or emergencies．One can train more specifically，as by developing strength for weight lifting or the ability to run straight ahead for short distances with great power
as in football，but running trains your heart and lungs to deliver oxygen more efficiently to all parts of your body．It is worth doing that this sort of exercise is the only kind that can reduce heart disease，the number one cause of death in America．
Only one sort of equipment is needed-a good pair of shoes．Physicians advise beginning joggers not to run in a tennis or gym shoe．Many design advances have been made in only the last several years that make an excellent running shoe indispensable（不可缺少的）if a runner wishes to develop as quickly as possible，with as little chance of injury as possible．A good running shoe will have soft pads for absorbing shock，as well as slightly built-up heels and full heel cups（后跟墊）that will give the knee and ankle more stability．A wise investment in good shoes will prevent blisters （水泡）and the foot，ankle and knee injuries and will also enable the wearer to run on paved or soft surfaces．No other special equipment is needed； you can jog in any clothing you desire，even your street clothes．
Many joggers wear expensive，flashy （華麗的） warm-up suits，but just as many wear a simple pair of gym shoes and T-shirt； in fact，many people just jog in last year's clothes．In cold weather，several layers of clothing are better than one heavy sweater or coat．If joggers are wearing several layers of clothing，they can add or subtract layers as conditions change．
It takes surprisingly little time to develop the ability to run．The American Jogging Association has a twelve-week program designed to move from a fifteen-minute walk （which almost anyone can manage who is in reasonable health） to a thirty-minute run．A measure of common sense，a physical examination，and a planned schedule are all it takes．
74．They main purpose of this passage is toA．
A．discuss jogging as a physical fitness program
B．describe the type of clothing needed for jogging
C．provide scientific evidence of the benefits of jogging
D．launch a nationwide physical fitness campaign
75．The most effective kind of exercise should be the one thatD．
A．trains the body for weight lifting
B．enables a person to run straight ahead
C．is both beneficial and inexpensive
D．develops the heart，lungs，and circulatory systems
76．We can conclude from this passage thatB．
A．jogging makes heart disease no longer an American problem
B．jogging can be harmful if the runner is not properly prepared
C．warm-up suits are preferable to gym shoes and T-shirts
D．jogging is bad for the ankles and knees
77．What can we learn from the third paragraph？B
A．For beginning joggers，tennis or gym shoes are better choices．
B．A pair of good running shoes is necessary for a runner to develop quickly．
C．A pair of good running shoes with a full heel-cup is designed to prevent shock．
D．Comfortable pads will give the knees and ankles more stability．
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章向我們說明了慢跑已成為美國最受歡迎的個人運動，慢跑可以使人們保持身體健康，對人體心肺以及循環(huán)系統(tǒng)有好處，文章同樣介紹了慢跑時需要注意的事情，作者建議讀者準備好之后在開始慢跑．
解答 74．A 主旨大意題，通讀全文可知本文中作者主要介紹了一個體育健身計劃--慢跑，故選A．
75．D 細節(jié)理解題，根據第二段The most useful sort of exercise is exercise that develops the heart，lungs，and circulatory（循環(huán)的）systems．可最有效的運動可以提高心，肺以及循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的健康，故選D．
76．B 推理判斷題，根據第三段Many design advances have been made in only the last several years that make an excellent running shoe indispensable（不可缺少的）if a runner wishes to develop as quickly as possible，with as little chance of injury as possible．可知如果慢跑者沒有準備好適合自己的裝備，很容易會受傷，故選B．
77．B 細節(jié)理解題，根據第三段Only one sort of equipment is needed-a good pair of shoes．可知慢跑需要一雙好的運動鞋，因此我們從第三段可以學到一雙好的運動鞋是對慢跑者是必要的，故選B．
點評 考查學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力．做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確選擇．在做推理判斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．
