6．A man was charged with first••degree murder of a 79．-year-old woman whom police said he scared to death．In an attempt to escape after a bank robbery，the 20．year-old Larry Whitfield broke into the  home of Mary Parnell．Police say he didn't touch Parnell but that she died after suffering a heart attack that was caused by terror．Can the guy be held responsible for the woman's death？Prosecutors（公訴人） said that he can under the state's murder rule，which allows someone to be charged with murder if he or she causes another person's death while committing or fleeing from a felony crime like robbery---even if he or she doesn't kill someone on purpose．
But，medically speaking，can someone actually be frightened to death？
Absolutely，no question about it．
The body has a natural protective method called the fight-or-flight response（戰(zhàn)或逃反應(yīng)），which was originally described by Walter Cannon，the chairman of Harvard University's physiology department from 1906to 1942．If，in the wild，an animal is faced with a life．threatening situation．the autonomic nerve system responds by increasing heart rate，increasing blood flow to the muscles，and slowing digestion，among other things．All of this increases the chances of succeeding in a fight or running away from an aggressive beast．This process certainly would be of help to ancient humans．However，in the modem world there is obvious decline of the fight-or-flight response．
The autonomic nerve system uses the chemical messenger to send signals to various parts of the body to activate the fight-or-flight response．This chemical is toxic（有毒的1in large amounts；it damages the organs such as the heart，lungs，liver and kidneys．It is believed that almost all sudden deaths are caused by damage to the heart．There is almost no other organ that would fail so fast as to cause sudden death．Kidney failure，liver failure，those things don't kill you suddenly．
By the way，any strong positive or negative emotions such as happiness or sadness can cause the same result．There are people who have died in strong emotions．There was a case of a golfer who hit a hole in one，turned to his partner and said，"I can die now"一and then he dropped dead．For about seven days after the 9-11terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon．there was an increase of sudden cardiac death among New Yorkers．

31．Why was the man charged？B
A．Because he was trying to kill an old woman．
B．Because he caused an old woman's terror and she died．
C．Because he beat an old woman and caused her heart attack．
D．Because he murdered an old woman while robbing a bank．
32．The underlined word felony in Para．1most probably meansB．
A．new    B．severe    C．deadly   D．organized
33．Which of the following about the fight-or-flight response is true？C
A．The fight-or-flight response was not raised or proved yet．
B．It is a natural protective method that can only be found in humans．
C．The ancient humans had a better fight-or-flight response than modem ones．
D．The fight-or-flight response is beneficial to both our actions and organs．
34．What activity can we infer is less likely to damage the organs？D
A．Winning a big lottery．    B．Missing a dead family．
C．Watching a horror movie．  D．Listening to a sweet song．
35．The purpose of the passage isD．
A．to explain why people will die of a heart attack
B．to offer some advice on protecting us from heart failure
C．to compare different kinds of feelings to cause a death
D．to show strong emotions can cause a sudden death．

分析 本文通過(guò)引入一個(gè)老婦人因恐懼而致死的案例來(lái)講述人類(lèi)在表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈的情緒時(shí)或許會(huì)導(dǎo)致猝死的現(xiàn)象．文章對(duì)這種導(dǎo)致猝死現(xiàn)象的原因進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的描述．

解答 31．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章"In an attempt to escape after a bank robbery，the 20．year-old Larry Whitfield broke into the  home of Mary Parnell．Police say he didn't touch Parnell but that she died after suffering a heart attack that was caused by terro"可知，這個(gè)男人闖進(jìn)一個(gè)老婦人的家中后，老婦人由于恐懼而突發(fā)心臟病而死亡，因此他被指控．故選B．
32．B．詞義猜測(cè)題．根據(jù)文章原句"Prosecutors said that he can under the state's murder rule，which allows someone to be charged with murder if he or she causes another person's death while committing or fleeing from a felony crime like robbery---even if he or she doesn't kill someone on purpose．"可知，檢察官認(rèn)為，他引起婦人死亡，即使不是故意，也會(huì)被法律判為felony罪．由法官的話(huà)可推測(cè)，這種造成人類(lèi)死亡的必定是重罪．故"felony"是嚴(yán)重的意思．故選B．
33．C．推理預(yù)測(cè)題．根據(jù)文章"This process certainly would be of help to ancient humans．However，in the modem world there is obvious decline of the fight-or-flight response"可知，這個(gè)過(guò)程肯定會(huì)有助于遠(yuǎn)古的人類(lèi)．然而，在現(xiàn)代逃跑反應(yīng)有明顯的下降．可推測(cè)，古代人類(lèi)對(duì)戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑情況有與現(xiàn)狀相比一個(gè)更好的反應(yīng)．故選C．
34．D．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章"By the way，any strong positive or negative emotions such as happiness or sadness can cause the same result"可知，任何強(qiáng)烈的積極或消極的情緒，如快樂(lè)或悲傷，也會(huì)導(dǎo)致器官損傷．結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，聽(tīng)一首甜美幽靜的歌曲時(shí)不會(huì)損傷器官．故選D．
35．D．主旨大意題．通讀全文可知，本文通過(guò)引入一個(gè)老婦人因恐懼而致死的案例來(lái)講述人類(lèi)在表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈的情緒時(shí)或許會(huì)導(dǎo)致猝死的現(xiàn)象．故選D．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是健康環(huán)保類(lèi)閱讀，考查學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力．做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確選擇．在做推理判斷題時(shí)不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

16．Is it okay to keep exercising when you have a cold？What about the flu？With winter viruses going around，it's important to know how to alter your training if you do catch a germ or two．
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A．One． 
B．Two． 
C．Three． 
D．Four．
42．How should people do exercises with a fever or a coughB？
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B．They should stop exercising until they recover．
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C．Doing exercises regularly can help us prevent colds．
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45．What is this passage mainly aboutA？
A．Relationship between exercises and flu． 
B．How to do exercises．
C．How to cope with flu． 
D．When to do exercises．

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7．Climate change could affect food supplies，water resources，human health and homes．
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The consequences of climate change will have an impact on people around the world．

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B．food production could rise throughout the world
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B．higher temperature than normal
C．more cases of malnutrition               
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A．food supplies and buildings         
B．freshwater resources and homes
C．human health and food supplies      
D．human health and homes
70．The passage is mainly meant to tell usB．
A．how global warming leads to changes in the climate
B．how climate change affects people worldwide 
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

10．One day，when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy showed up in my office．It was David．He kept walking up and down restlessly，his face pale，and his hands shaking slightly．His head teacher had referred him to me．"This boy has lost his family，"he wrote．"He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others，and I'm very worried about him．Can you help？"
I looked at David and showed him to a chair．How could I help him？There are problems psychology doesn't have the answer to，and which no words can describe．Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically．
The first two times we met，David didn't say a word．He sat there，only looking up to look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me．I suggested we play a game of chess．He nodded．After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon-in complete silence and without looking at me．It's not easy to cheat in chess，but I admit I made sure David won once or twice．
Usually，he arrived earlier than agreed，took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down．It seemed as if he enjoyed my company．But why did he never look at me？
"Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with，"I thought．"Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering．"Some months later，when we were playing chess，he looked up at me suddenly．
"It's your turn，"he said．
After that day，David started talking．He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club．He wrote to me a few times，about his biking with some friends，and about his plan to get into university．Now he had really started to live his own life．
Maybe I gave David something．But I also learned that one-without any words-can reach out to another person．All it takes is a hug，a shoulder to cry on，a friendly touch，and an ear that listens．

47．When he first met the author，DavidC．
A．felt a little excited           
B．walked energetically
C．looked a little nervous        
D．showed up with his teacher
48．As a psychologist，the authorA．
A．was ready to listen to David
B．was skeptical about psychology
C．was able to describe David's problem
D．was sure of handling David's problem
49．David enjoyed being with the author because heB．
A．wanted to ask the author for advice
B．needed to share sorrow with the author
C．liked the children's drawings in the office
D．beat the author many times in the chess game
50．What can be inferred about David？A
A．He recovered after months of treatment．
B．He liked biking before he lost his family．
C．He went into university soon after starting to talk．
D．He got friends in school before he met the author．

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