Question

【題目】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（不多于3個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Decoding respirator cultures

As the global pandemic speeds up, many are wondering about the 【1】(effective) of masks and when it's appropriate to wear them. Most people from the East believe that 【2】(wear)a mask is essential to control the spread of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). But people in the West generally would argue that, unless one is already ill, wearing a mask is simply 【3】(necessary).

In Eastern countries like China, mask-wearing is engrained in their cultures. In fact, people in the East wear masks not just to protect 【4】(they) from illness but also for a variety of other reasons.

In many Asian countries, masks are worn in many scenarios in daily life, such as doing housework 【5】 visiting patients in the hospital. They can give people the comfort of being protected.

In recent years, they are worn simply for cosmetic reasons. Young people in Japan, for example, wear masks as a fashion statement, expressing their personal style through unique designs and patterns.

In Asia, wearing a face mask is also 【6】 outward expression of group-oriented values.

【7】one’s face partially covered, one becomes part of a giant collectivist whole. 'People communicated their responsibilities to the social group of 【8】they were members, ' wrote Peter Baehr, a research professor in social theory at Lingnan University, Hong Kong. 'By disguising an individual’s face, it gave greater salience to collective identity. '

In Western countries, however, individual values are the most important.

As a citizen, it is one's duty to prevent the spread of illness by following proper hygienic procedures, such as washing one's hands and limiting one's contact with others. A face mask【9】 (reserve)only for those showing symptoms of illness.

Whether from the East or the West, social culture and peer pressure have played an important role in one's decision about whether or not to wear a mask. That's because human beings are social creatures who take into consideration what other members of society think of us. The most important thing is to respect others' opinions, no matter how 【10】(differ) they are.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】effectiveness

【2】wearing

【3】unnecessary

【4】themselves

【5】or

【6】an

【7】With

【8】which

【9】is reserved

【10】different

【解析】

這是一篇議論文。隨著全球流行病的加速，東方人與西方人在“戴口罩對(duì)控制新型冠狀肺炎的傳播有效”這一方面的觀點(diǎn)截然不同，這與不同的社會(huì)文化和價(jià)值觀有關(guān)。但是否戴口罩應(yīng)該尊重他人，考慮社會(huì)成員對(duì)我們的看法，畢竟人類是社會(huì)群居動(dòng)物。

【1】考查名詞。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞作為介詞about的賓語(yǔ)，故填effectiveness。

【2】考查動(dòng)名詞。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)用wear的動(dòng)名詞形式作為賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)，故填wearing。

【3】考查形容詞。句意：但是，西方人普遍認(rèn)為，除非一個(gè)人已經(jīng)生病了，否則戴口罩是根本沒必要的。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用形容詞unnecessary“沒有必要的”符合語(yǔ)境，故填unnecessary。

【4】考查代詞。句意：事實(shí)上，東方人戴口罩不僅僅是為了預(yù)防他們自己不生病，還因?yàn)槠渌�各種原因。根據(jù)句意可知此處用“他們自己”作賓語(yǔ)，故填themselves。

【5】考查并列連詞。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處意為“例如，做家務(wù)活或者去醫(yī)院看望病人”，上下文是并列關(guān)系，用“或者”符合語(yǔ)境，故填or。

【6】考查冠詞。句意：在亞洲，戴口罩也是一種對(duì)集體主義價(jià)值觀的外在表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，又outward是元音音素開頭，故填an。

【7】考查介詞。根據(jù)句子可知，此處考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即用with + n + doing/ done/ to do作狀語(yǔ)，with one's face partially covered“臉有一部分被遮住”，故填With。

【8】考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知，此處是定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞，先行詞social group在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，且位于介詞之后，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which，故填which。

【9】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處講述一般事實(shí)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)a face mask和reserve之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，故填is reserved。

【10】考查形容詞。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞作為表語(yǔ)，no matter how different they are“無(wú)論他們有多么不同”，故填different。

第7小題考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)通常有6種形式，即with + n. + adj./ adv./ prep短語(yǔ)/ doing/ to do/ done。該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語(yǔ)，adj./ adv./ prep短語(yǔ)/ doing/ to do/ done是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

例如：

1. With a girl leading us, we finally found the village.在一個(gè)女孩的帶領(lǐng)下，我們最終找到了這個(gè)村子。

2. With all the work finished, I can go out.因?yàn)樗�有工作都做完了，我可以出去�?/span>

3. With a big family to support, he has to work around the clock.因?yàn)橛幸淮蠹胰艘�養(yǎng)活，他不得不夜以繼日地工作。

4. He likes reading with windows open.他喜歡開著窗閱讀。

5. With a book in his hand, our math teacher came in.我們數(shù)學(xué)老師進(jìn)來(lái)了，手里拿著一本書。

6. He is always sleeping with the light on.他老是開著燈睡覺。