5．In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity （繁榮）．Others say that competition is bad； that it sets one person against another； that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them，playing well and winning are often live-and-death affairs．In their single-minded pursuit of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which only values the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success．By not trying，they always have an excuse："I may have lost，but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try．"What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth．Clearly，this belief is the same as that of true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to disappear （緩解）can we discover a new meaning in competition．
51．What does this passage mainly talk about？B
A．Competition helps to set up self-respect
B．Opinions about competition are different among people
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development
D．Failures are necessary experience in competition
52．Why do some people favor competition according to the passage？A
A．It pushes society forward．
B．It builds up a sense of duty．
C．It improves personal abilities．
D．It encourages individual efforts．
53．The underlined phrase"the most vocal"in Paragraph 3 meansC
A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value competition most highly
C．those who are against competition most strongly
D．those who rely on others most for success
54．What is the similar belief of the true competition and those with a"desire to fail"？D
A．One's success is based on how hard he has tried．
B．One's success in competition needs great efforts．
C．One's achievement is determined by his particular skills．
D．One's worth lies in his performance compared with others．
55．Which point of the view may the author agree to？D
A．Every effort should be paid back．
B．Competition should be encouraged．
C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter．
D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．
分析 這篇文章講的是人們對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的不同觀點(diǎn)．
解答 51-55 BACDD
51．B 主旨大意題．第一段第一句In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)存在很大的爭(zhēng)議，點(diǎn)明主旨．即B．
52．A 細(xì)節(jié)題 第一段第二句從Some value it highly believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity 可知有些人比較喜歡競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，認(rèn)為它可以促進(jìn)社會(huì)的進(jìn)步和繁榮，選A．
53．C 節(jié)題：從第三段的句子：In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．可知the most vocal是強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的人．選C．
54．D 細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)最后一段的句子Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others推出，一個(gè)人的自重取決于在和其他人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)時(shí)的表現(xiàn)，故選D．
55．D 細(xì)節(jié)題：最后一段最后一句從Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition．可推知害怕失敗可以在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中消除．選D．
點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題為主，細(xì)節(jié)題可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息?或是其變體．搜查信息在閱讀中非常重要它包括理解作者在敘述某事時(shí)使用的具體事實(shí)、數(shù)據(jù)、圖表等細(xì)節(jié)信息．在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開(kāi)的細(xì)節(jié)．做這類題一般采用尋讀法?即先讀題，然后帶著問(wèn)題快速閱讀短文，找出與問(wèn)題有關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)或句子，再對(duì)相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比，找出答案．
