【題目】When I first began excavating（挖掘）I went to a site 【1】 had been occupied between 200 BC and 43 AD by the Roman soldiers. I quickly learned there was an important 【2】(divide) of labor on “digs”. Those who were 【3】(skill) at drawing did the plans of the site and 【4】 rest had to move vast quantities of soil. As I looked ahead, I realized that I would get very 【5】(tire) if I moved soil all day. so I decided to join the group drawing plans. 【6】(lucky) for me, a spear was found in my section of “dig”. I 【7】(tell) to draw it in a systematic way on squared mathematical paper. No matter how much I wrinkled my forehead and concentrated, I could not get it right. Later the section leader handed me a small hammer and asked me to remove the soil 【8】(stick) around a metal box. What I finally exposed was a rare Roman necklace in it, I felt dizzy with excitement. After that I never mind 【9】(move) soil—after all you never knew 【10】 you might find in it.

【答案】

【1】 which/that

【2】 division

【3】 skillful/skilful/skilled

【4】 the

【5】 tired

【6】 Luckily

【7】 was told

【8】 stuck

【9】 moving

【10】 what

【解析】

本文屬于記敘文，講述作者第一次參與遺址的發(fā)掘發(fā)現(xiàn)有著不同的分工，作者因?yàn)椴荒軇偃闻R摹文物的工作，只能去清理文物上的泥土，但是作者并不介意。

【1】考查定語從句。句意：我第一次開始從事發(fā)掘時(shí)，我去了一個(gè)遺址，里面全是公元前200年到公元43年的羅馬士兵。分析句子可知，had been occupied between 200 BC and 43 AD by the Roman soldiers.為限制性定語從句修飾先行詞site，而從句缺乏主語，故用關(guān)系代詞that或者which。

【2】考查名詞。句意：很快我學(xué)到了發(fā)掘有很重要的勞動(dòng)分工。根據(jù)本句important為形容詞做定語修飾名詞，故用division。

【3】考查形容詞。句意：那些擅長(zhǎng)畫畫的人就做對(duì)遺址的計(jì)劃，而剩下的人則搬運(yùn)泥土。本句為短語be skilful at或者be skilled at在…方面有技巧，故用skillful或者skilful，或者skilled。注意skill的形容詞為skilful或者skillful。

【4】考查定冠詞。句意：那些擅長(zhǎng)畫畫的人就做對(duì)遺址的計(jì)劃，而剩下的人則搬運(yùn)泥土。根據(jù)語境可知，發(fā)掘遺址有兩種分工，除了規(guī)劃的人，剩余的人搬運(yùn)泥土，故用定冠詞the。

【5】考查形容詞。句意：我朝前看了一下，發(fā)現(xiàn)如果整天搬運(yùn)泥土的話，我很非常疲憊。Get為系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞，故用tired。

【6】考查副詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，在我發(fā)掘的區(qū)域，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只矛。分析句子，lucky作評(píng)注性狀語修飾整個(gè)句子，故用其副詞形式luckily。

【7】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：我被告知需要在一張正方形的紙上系統(tǒng)性的把這只矛臨摹下來。分析句子可知，該句缺乏謂語，故tell作謂語，與其主語I為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，本文講述過去的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)was told。

【8】考查動(dòng)詞非謂語。句意：后來項(xiàng)目組長(zhǎng)遞給我一把錘子，叫我清除一個(gè)金屬盒子間的泥土。分析句子可知，stick作后置定語修飾名詞soil，與其邏輯主語soil為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用其過去分詞stuck。

【9】考查動(dòng)詞非謂語形式。句意：那以后，我就不介意清除泥土了，因?yàn)槟悴恢滥嗤晾锊刂裁礀|西。本句為mind 的用法mind doing sth介意做某事，故用moving。

【10】考查名詞性從句。句意：那以后，我就不介意清除泥土了，因?yàn)槟悴恢滥嗤晾锊刂裁礀|西。分析句子可知，you might find in it作knew的賓語，而從句中缺乏find 的賓語，故用連接代詞what。

關(guān)于非謂語動(dòng)詞的解題技巧。非謂語動(dòng)詞是高中英語的重點(diǎn)，也是難點(diǎn)，掌握其基本知識(shí)和基本技巧，那么這類題還是可以做的。首先，了解非謂語的三種基本形式及其意義，to do表示要做，與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)進(jìn)行或者后于謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作，doing表主動(dòng)，與謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，done表示被動(dòng)和完成；其次，關(guān)于做題技巧和步驟，先分析句子的成分和結(jié)構(gòu)，確定句子的主語、謂語以及賓語，之后，確定涉及的動(dòng)詞不是做謂語，那么只能作非謂語，分析該動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語的邏輯關(guān)系，若為主謂關(guān)系，則為主動(dòng)，如是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，則是被動(dòng)，然后在分析該動(dòng)詞與謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的先后順序，先于謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作，則用完成式，比如to have done，having done，如果同時(shí)進(jìn)行，則用doing，或者to be doing，后于謂語動(dòng)詞，則用to do，最后需注意個(gè)別不及物動(dòng)詞，沒有過去分詞形式，比如belong。

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