Question

【題目】 When you live in total messiness—cookies in your pants draws, and some old New Yorkers or apple seeds in your bed—it's hard to know where to look for when you lose your keys. The other day, after two weeks of searching, I found my keys in the refrigerator. I can't say I was surprised. But I was surprised when I was diagnosed with ADHD（多動癥）,when I was a junior at Yale.

According to a new study, 11% of school-age children have received an ADHD diagnosis, a 16% increase since 2007. And rising diagnoses mean rising treatments—drugs like Adderall are more accessible than ever. However, the consequences of misuse and abuse of these drugs are dangerous.

Yet also harmful are the consequences of ADHD undiagnosed, an all-too-common story for women like me,who have symptoms, like disorganization and forgetfulness, which look different from those typically expressed in males.

Dr.Ellen, author of Understanding Girls with ADHD, has found around 4 million females with ADHD are not diagnosed. "The main reason is that the diagnostic criteria were developed based on those hyperactive（過度活躍）young boys taken to clinics, making it difficult for girls to be diagnosed unless they behave like hyperactive boys." Ellen says.

Besides, the idea that young women actually have ADHD often causes skepticism. As a top student,I didn't believe my diagnosis at first. My friends were also confused,and rather certain my doctor was misguided.

"Often, if girls are smart or in supportive homes, symptoms are masked," Dr.Ellen says."Girls will hide their inability to meet social expectations. They see their trouble organizing,and concentrating as character flaws（缺陷）."

These years, I am both embarrassed and exhausted by my struggles to keep track of objects, but drug has helped it and made it more bearable.

【1】The writer presents the first paragraph to .

A.air her view with an exampleB.bring up the topic of the passage

C.show young people's messinessD.prove Yale also has ADHD students

【2】Many female with ADHD are not diagnosed mainly because .

A.the diagnostic criteria are made according to male ADHD

B.they are smart enough to mask their ADHD symptoms

C.they don't view their trouble as symptoms of ADHD

D.women ADHD are more hyperactive than young boys

【3】What does the word "skepticism" in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A.panic.B.stubbornness.

C.debate.D.doubt.

【4】What does the passage mainly talk about?

A.Why female ADHD patients develop the disease.

B.Why many female ADHD patients are undiagnosed.

C.How young ADHD patients are cured of the disease.

D.How much help ADHD patients can get from medication.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章借由作者的親身經(jīng)歷講述女性多動癥不容易被診斷出來的原因。

【1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的結(jié)構(gòu)和But I was surprised when I was diagnosed with ADHD（多動癥）,when I was a junior at Yale.以及下文的內(nèi)容可知，作者講述第一段的目的是為了引出下文關(guān)于多動癥的話題。B. bring up the topic of the passage（引出文章的話題）符合以上說法，故選B項。

【2】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段的The main reason is that the diagnostic criteria were developed based on those hyperactive（過度活躍）young boys taken to clinics, making it difficult for girls to be diagnosed unless they behave like hyperactive boys.可知診斷多動癥的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是基于過度活躍的年輕男孩來制定的，所以很難診斷出女孩，除非她們的行為像過度活躍的男孩。A. the diagnostic criteria are made according to male ADHD（診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是根據(jù)男孩的多動癥來制定的）符合以上說法，故選A項。

【3】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分后面的As a top student, I didn't believe my diagnosis at first.My friends were also confused, and rather certain my doctor was misguided.可知作者一開始不相信多動癥的診斷結(jié)果，她的朋友也很困惑，認為是醫(yī)生診斷錯誤，即她們都懷疑醫(yī)生的診斷，故推測畫線部分的意思是“懷疑”。故選D項。

【4】主旨大意題。文章第三段主要講述女性多動癥的癥狀和男性不同；第四段主要講述女孩很難被診斷出多動癥，因為診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是按男性制定的；第五段主要講述女性自己會懷疑診斷結(jié)果；第五段主要講述女性會把多動癥癥狀隱藏起來。綜上所述，本文主要講述女性不容易被診斷出多動癥的原因。B. Why many female ADHD patients are undiagnosed.（為什么很多女性多動癥患者沒有被診斷出）符合上述說法，故選B項。