【題目】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

The history of computer began in 1642 as a calculating machine in France. It could 【1】 (simple) difficult sums. The computer developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years 【2】 it was built as an 【3】 (analyze) machine. In 1936, Alan Turing wrote a book about how the computer could be made to work as a “universal machine”【4】 (solve) any difficult mathematical problems.

At the beginning, the computer was as large as a room. This reality worried the designers. With time 【5】 (go) by, it became smaller and smaller and 【6】 memory developed a great deal. With artificial intelligence, it is getting cleverer and cleverer, quicker and quicker. In 【7】 early 1960s, computers could be connected by a network, which enabled their users to share information with others. Since the 1970s, computers have had many new 【8】 (apply) and become very important in communication, finance, trade and been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars. Since its birth, the computer 【9】 (design) to serve the human race and provided humans 【10】 a life of high quality.

【答案】

【1】simplify

【2】before

【3】analytical

【4】to solve

【5】going

【6】its

【7】the

【8】applications

【9】has been designed

【10】with

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展歷史。

【1】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：它可以簡(jiǎn)化復(fù)雜的計(jì)算。根據(jù)句意及空前could可知，此處應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞simplify“簡(jiǎn)化”的原形。故填simplify。

【2】考查連詞。句意：計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展非常緩慢，在它被建造成分析機(jī)器之前它花了近200年的時(shí)間。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)使用連詞before“在……之前”。故填before。

【3】考查形容詞。句意：它被建造成分析機(jī)器。此處做machine的定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)使用形容詞analytical“分析的；解析的；善于分析的”。故填analytical。

【4】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：1936年,阿蘭·圖靈寫了一本關(guān)于如何使計(jì)算機(jī)能作為一個(gè)“通用機(jī)器”來(lái)解決任何數(shù)學(xué)難題。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處表目的，應(yīng)使用不定式。故填to solve。

【5】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著時(shí)間的流逝。此處為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，time與go是邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞，表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行。故填going。

【6】考查代詞。句意：它變得越來(lái)越小，內(nèi)存也得到了發(fā)展。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指“它（計(jì)算機(jī)）的”，應(yīng)使用代詞its。故填its。

【7】考查冠詞。句意：在20世紀(jì)60年代早期，計(jì)算機(jī)可以通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，這使得用戶可以與其他人共享信息�！岸嗌偈兰o(jì)多少年代”前要加定冠詞。故填the。

【8】考查名詞。句意：自20世紀(jì)70年代以來(lái)，計(jì)算機(jī)有了許多新的應(yīng)用，在通信、金融、貿(mào)易方面變得非常重要，并被用于太空火箭和探索月球和火星。根據(jù)空前many可知，此處應(yīng)使用名詞application“應(yīng)用”的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填applications。

【9】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：自從誕生以來(lái)，計(jì)算機(jī)就被設(shè)計(jì)為服務(wù)于人類。根據(jù)Since its birth可知，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，the computer與design是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填has been designed。

【10】考查介詞。句意：為人類提供了高質(zhì)量的生活。短語(yǔ)：provide sb. with sth.“給某人提供某物”。故填with。

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