10.When several people look at the same person,it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you are alone observing one behavior or a person at two different times,you may see different things.The followings are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions(感知,認(rèn)識):
(1)Each person's perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning,education,and personal experiences.
(2)Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what've observed.It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person.Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship.Most people do not use the same standard to measure their parents,their friends,and strangers.
(3)Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don't see what may be obvious to others because of our own needs,desires,or temporary emotional states.This is a process known as selective perception.Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory information is particularly obvious,but it can be done.We can ignore the   stimulus--"He's basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting(入店行竊)."We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information--"All kids get into mischief(頑皮).Taking a book from a bookstore isn't such a big deal."We can change the meaning of the contradictory information---"It wasn't shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later."…

26.The first factor given by the author that affects our perception isB.
A.our hearing and visual abilities        B.cultural background and personal experiences
C.the experience one learns from others   D.critical measures taken by other people
27.While observing a particular person,D.
  A.one is likely to take all aspects into consideration      
  B.one pays more attention to his/her advantages
  C.children often differ from grown-ups in perception       
  D.one tends to choose certain aspects to look at
28.Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ becauseA.
  A.they follow different standards                          
  B.either of them may be slow to catch information
  C.the time for observation is not long enough
  D.each of them uses different language to express his/her impressions
29.The underlined word"stimulus"in Paragraph 4refers toC.
 A.something attractive             B.selective perception      
 C.contradictory information        D.shoplifting
30.The worst thing in selective perception is thatB.
A.the information received runs against your desire
B.facts can be twisted or totally ignored
C.importance of the contradictory information can be overrated (估計(jì)過高)
D.misbehaved children may not be punished.

分析 幾個(gè)人看同樣的人會(huì)感覺不一樣,同一個(gè)人在不同的時(shí)候看同一件事情也會(huì)不同,這是因?yàn)橐恍┮蛩赜绊懭藗兊恼J(rèn)知.

解答 26-30.BDACB
26.答案 B 細(xì)節(jié)題:從第一段的句子:Each person's perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning,education,and personal experiences.可知第一個(gè)影響人的認(rèn)知的因素是我們的文化背景和個(gè)人經(jīng)歷.選B.
27.答案 D 細(xì)節(jié)題:從文章第三段的句子:It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person.Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship.可知當(dāng)觀察一個(gè)特定的人,一個(gè)人往往會(huì)選擇某些方面看.選D
28.答案 A  細(xì)節(jié)題:依據(jù)句子"Most people do not use the same yardstick(尺碼) to measure their parents,their friends,and strangers."可知同樣的人同時(shí)被兩個(gè)人觀察可能不一樣,因?yàn)樗麄兪褂玫氖遣煌臉?biāo)準(zhǔn),選項(xiàng)A
29.答案 C 猜詞題:從文章第四段的句子:Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory information is particularly obvious,but it can be done.選擇性認(rèn)知很顯然更難,當(dāng)矛盾信息顯而易見的時(shí)候,可知"stimulus"是矛盾的信息,所以選C
30.答案 B 細(xì)節(jié)題:從文章第四段的句子:We can ignore the stimulus--"He's basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting(入店行竊)."We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information可知選擇性認(rèn)知最壞的事情是事實(shí)被扭曲或完全忽視.所以選B.

點(diǎn)評 1.略讀問題和選項(xiàng),帶問題閱讀
  做英語閱讀理解題時(shí),首先應(yīng)瀏覽一遍所提問題,然后帶著這些問題有目的、有針對性地閱讀文章.
  2.耐心通讀全文
  遇到難解的詞組和句子不要急躁,要盡量根據(jù)上下文悟出文義,解題時(shí)要"帶著問題讀短文",分析判斷,整題解完后要認(rèn)真復(fù)查.
  3.習(xí)慣猜詞
  在英語閱讀過程中,應(yīng)該有意識地養(yǎng)成自己的猜詞習(xí)慣,千萬不要一遇到生詞就查詞典.因?yàn)橹挥叙B(yǎng)成猜詞的習(xí)慣,并在閱讀實(shí)踐中結(jié)合自己的學(xué)習(xí)常識,才能培養(yǎng)自己的猜詞能力,從而進(jìn)一步提高閱讀能力.

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目:高中英語 來源:2016-2017學(xué)年黑龍江省哈爾濱市高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解

When Jeanne Calment entered the world in 1875, telephones and automobiles still lay in the future. Albert Einstein and Pablo Picasso were not yet born. The Eiffel Tower was 14 years from being built. As a teenager, she met Vincent Van Gogh, near her home in Arles, in the south of France. He was “very ugly, ungracious, impolite, sick—I forgive him, they called him loco (精神失常的)”, she recalled. When she died last week at age 122, she was the world’s eldest person. (There are others who claimed to the title, but only Calment had the official documents to prove her age.)

Each February 21, her birthday, she would share the secrets of long life. Some years it was “a sense of humour”, others it was “keeping busy”. “God must have forgotten me,” she once explained. The truth probably was that her mother reportedly lived to be 86 and her father 94.

Her life had its sadness: she outlived her husband, her only daughter and her grandson. According to a friend, she was imperturbable. “If you can’t do anything about it,” she reportedly said, “don’t worry about it.”

In her last years she was nearly blind and deaf, but her health remained good. She ate a few bars of chocolate each week and continued smoking until a few years ago, when she could no longer light her own cigarettes. She never lost her sense of humour. On her 110th birthday, she commented, “I’ve only ever had one wrinkle, and I’m sitting on it. “Her longevity made her famous; her spirit made her eternal (永恒的).

1.Why does the author mention Albert Einstein, Pablo Picasso and the Eiffel Tower?

A. To show that Calment had seen famous people and things.

B. To emphasize that Calment was born a long time ago.

C. To indicate that Calment is just as famous.

D. To admire the knowledge that Calment had.

2.The author believed that Calment’s longevity is mainly due to ______.

A. a sense of humor B. being kept busy

C. belief in God D. good genes

3.What is the meaning of the underlined sentences?

A. She paid much attention to the wrinkle.

B. She felt sad for the wrinkle.

C. She just put the wrinkle aside.

D. She sat down and some one helped her deal with the wrinkle.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

1.Brother James Kimpton,an Englishman,has been planting trees for a lifetime and doesn't plan on stopping now.The founder of Reaching the Unreached (RTU) has been serving among the poorest and most disadvantaged communities of India for the last 50years.
It's difficult to describe Brother Kimpton's work.He digs wells,builds homes,run schools,dresses wounds,helps the disabled,feeds the hungry,trains the unskilled,and shelters the abandoned.At 27,he was sent on foreign duty to Sri Lanka.For 12year,he taught in the slums(貧民窟).In 1964when the government ordered all foreigners to leave the country,he caught a ship to India and travelled to the city of Madurai."The minute I got there I knew I'd come home."
Brother Kimpton founded an orphanage(孤兒院)in Madurai,a huge organization modeled after Nebraska's Boys Town.But this was only a beginning.The suffering and helplessness he saw in India led him to start RTU.What began as a single,modest medical clinic has today developed into a diverse network of highly efficient programs aimed at comprehensive and sustainable (可持續(xù)的)rural development.
There're many wonders at RTU.As an architect,artist,educator,economist,medical worker,James did a lot:over 2000wells have been dug in this area bringing clean,safe water to the villages; over 6000homes have been built and given away to the very poor; daycare centers have been set up that now feed and treat close to 2000poor children every day; over 2000receive free education in the schools he built and runs…
In his last will,Brother Kimpton has requested to be buried at Anbu Illam.Speaking to the audience gathered to celebrate his 50th year of service in Asia,he said,"I'm an Indian by choice."
He's smiling,but there's something touching in his words.
51.Which of the following is TRUE about James Kimpton?D
A.He went to Madurai on a business trip.
B.He founded an orphanage in Sri Lanka.
C.He does many kinds of jobs to make a living.
D.He has devoted most of his life to helping others.
52.What did James Kimpton mean by saying"I knew I'd come home.B"?
A.He was warmly welcomed there
B.He fell in love with it
C.He was familiar with it
D.He was born there.
53.From the text,we can learn that RTUC.
A.began as a medical school
B.was modeled after Nebraska's Boys Town.
C.focus on the development of rural areas in India.
D.a(chǎn)ims at helping the poor around the world.
54.What is Paragraph 4mainly about?A
A.RTU's achievements  
B.James Kimpton's plan
C.RTU's development            
D.James Kimpton's success.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

18.[1]William Butler Yeats,a most famous Irish writer,was born in Dublin on June 13,1865.His childhood lacked the harmony (和睦) that was typical of a happy family.Later,Yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered"little of childhood but its pain".In fact,he inherited (繼承) excellent taste in art from his family-both his father and his brother were painters.But he finally settled on literature,particularly drama and poetry.
[2]Yeats had strong faith in coming of new artistic movements.He set himself the fresh task in founding an Irish national theatre in the late 1890s.His early theatrical experiments,however,were not received favorably at the beginning. He didn't lose heart,and finally enjoyed success in his poetical drama.
[3]Compared with his dramatic works,Yeats's poems attract much admiring notice.The subject matter includes love,nature,history,time and aging.Though Yeats generally relied on very traditional forms,he brought modern sensibility to them.As his literary life progressed,his poetry grew finer and richer,which led him to worldwide recognition.
[4]He had not enjoyed a major public life since winning the Nobel Prize in 1923.Yet,he continued writing almost to the end of his life.______________,he would probably now be valued as a minor (不重要的) poet,for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produces his greatest works between the ages of 50 and 75.After Yeats's Death in 1939,W.H.Auden wrote,among others,the following lines:
        Earth,receive an honored guest:
        William Yeats is laid to rest.
        Let the Irish vessel (船) lie
        Emptied of its poetry.
76.What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?(no more than 9 words )Brief introduction to his childhood.
77.Explain the underlined sentence in paragraph 2.( no more than 10 words)His theatrical ideas were not well received at first.
78.What does the underlined word"them"in paragraph 3 refer to?( no more than 3 words)traditional forms
79.Fill in the blanks in the last paragraph with proper words (no more than 10 words)Had Yeats stopped writing at age 58.
80.What can you learn from Yeats as a writer?(no more than 8 words)To succeed,we need faith,persistence..

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:完形填空

5.My morning routine includes shopping at the local convenient store to buy The Daily News.One morning not long ago,the convenience of the store prove(36)Ato people stuck in the(37)Dbehind two small boys.As I approach the counter to (38)Bthe attendant,I noticed the two little guys standing at the front of the line,which was growing (39)Cby the minutes.
The man behind the counter clearly agitated(心煩意亂的) with the boys as his (40)C rose above the morning chatter in the store and he said to them,"Look,you (41)D nineteen cents more to pay for this candy.If you don't have it,you won't (42)A it."
I (43)C,as the small boys shuffled (移步) from one foot to another without any (44)B,just staring at the attendant,their wide eyes filled with tears.The people waiting (45)A in the line began to complain loudly,"Just go,boys!"I shouted(46)D the noise,"I've got the nineteen cents.Take this dollar for my (47)Cand keep the change towards their candy."
The attendant seemed relieved to have the matter settled.Everyone in the line turned to look at me with the(48)Aof the two small boys who quickly snatched the candy and (49)C the store.
I handed over the dollar,smiled at the attendant and left.As I made my way to my car a small voice called out to me,"Hey,Lady!"I (50)B to see one of the boys standing around the corner of the building."That was pretty (51)B!"
 He was gone.I suppose it was a"thank you"of sorts and I was content to (52)Dthat I would be the topic of their small (53)Bthat morning.I was the"cool lady"who saved the day by paying for their candy.It made me smile to think that my small(54)Ahad brightened their little world,even if for a (55)D.
36.A.inconvenientB.importantC.differentD.wrong
37.A.hallB.storeC.trafficD.line
38.A.thankB.payC.serveD.recognize
39.A.heavierB.thinnerC.longerD.hotter
40.A.powerB.priceC.voiceD.spirit
41.A.earnB.collectC.saveD.need
42.A.getB.prepareC.carryD.finish
43.A.smiledB.respondedC.watchedD.stood
44.A.moneyB.wordC.reasonD.news
45.A.impatientlyB.sadlyC.a(chǎn)ngrilyD.tensely
46.A.withinB.a(chǎn)longC.forD.a(chǎn)bove
47.A.foodB.giftC.paperD.box
48.A.exceptionB.changeC.noticeD.help
49.A.managedB.searchedC.leftD.reached
50.A.tendedB.turnedC.happenedD.chose
51.A.kindB.coolC.easyD.brave
52.A.reportB.jokeC.proveD.think
53.A.a(chǎn)rgumentB.conversationC.a(chǎn)rticleD.meeting
54.A.a(chǎn)ctionB.requestC.businessD.fortune
55.A.friendB.boyC.lifeD.moment.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:選擇題

15.Shanghai is ______ the largest cities in Asia.( 。
A.amongB.overC.ofD.between

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:選擇題

2.It's nearly eight o'clock.I must hang up and get down to work.My boss        be here at any moment.(  )
A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.would

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

19.When Julio Diaz stepped off the subway after work one night,he was simply planning to go to his favorite local diner for a meal.But when a teenage boy approached him with a knife,Diaz knew the evening was about to take a more dramatic(巨大而突然的) turn.
The young man demanded Diaz's wallet,and Diaz passed it over without objection(異議).But just as he turned to walk away,Diaz called,"Hey,wait a minute.You forgot something."
The young man turned around,surprised.
"If you're going to rob people for the rest of the night,you might as well take my coat to keep warm."
The teenager looked at Diaz in disbelief,and asked why he would do such a thing.Diaz replied,"If you're willing to risk your freedom for a few dollars,I guess you must really need the money."He said he was heading out for dinner,and that he would be happy to take someone with him.
The young man decided to take Diaz up on his offer.As they were sitting at the table,the manager,dishwashers and waiters all stopped over to say hello to Diaz,and the young man was amazed at his popularity.
"Haven't you been taught that you should be nice to everybody?"Diaz asked him.
"Yeah,but I didn't think people actually behaved that way,"the teenager replied.Thanks to Diaz,he was beginning to see that kindness wasn't so strange,after all.
When the bill came,Diaz told the teen that he'd have to get the check.After all,he still had Diaz's wallet.
But the teenager put the wallet on the table without a moment's thought,and Diaz treated him to dinner.Diaz also gave the would-be robber a﹩20 bill-in exchange for his knife."I figure,you know,if you treat people right,you can only hope that they treat you right,"Diaz said.

56.When a teenage boy approached him with a knife,Diaz was on his wayC.
A.to the subway station.
B.to his workplace.
C.to have a meal.
D.to see a drama.
57.The young man felt surprised when DiazC.
A.stepped off the subway platform         
B.passed the wallet over without objection
C.called him to wait for a moment         
D.invited him to have dinner together
58.The underlined part"take Diaz up on"can be replaced by"D".
A.follow  B.understand  C.check  D.a(chǎn)ccept
59.The teenager gave the wallet back to Diaz maybe becauseB.
A.Diaz was so popular with people in the restaurant
B.he began to realize people should be nice to others
C.Diaz had to pay for the meal they had together
D.he had been given a﹩20 bill to take with him
60.Diaz possibly feltA during the whole night.
A.relaxed and happy  B.worried and helpless
C.a(chǎn)ngry and scared   D.surprised and anxious.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:選擇題

20.The children are busy doing piles of homework,for they ______their end-of-term exam soon.(  )
A.will be takenB.takeC.are takingD.would take

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案