Question

I.閱讀理解

A [2015 .福建漳州市八校高三聯(lián)考] Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?

UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their cooperation and support, passing around necessary nutrition "depending on who needs it".

Nitrogen(氣)and carbon are shared through miles of un?derground fungi (真菌)networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons(神經(jīng)元)in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.

Simard talks about "mother trees", usually the largest and oldest trees on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down " mother trees" with no awareness of these highly complex "tree societies" or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.

"We didn't take any notice of it. ，， Simard says sadly. "Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dy?ing, but we never give them chance. ，， If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.

1.What would be the best title for the passage?

A.     Old trees communicate like humans

B.     Young trees are in need of protection

C.     Trees contribute to our society

D.     Trees are more complex than you think

2. In Simard's opinion, trees .

 A.     compete for survival

B.     protect their own wealth

C.     depend on each other

D.     provide support for dying trees

3. We can learn from the passage that_____________ .

A. "mother trees" are usually of no use to other trees

B.     Charles Darwin had the same thought as Simard

C.     if "mother trees" are cut down, the survival for the entire forest will be affected

D.   people know much about the complex " tree societies"
4.  The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to

A.     how "tree societies" work

B.     how trees grow old

C.     how forestry industry develops

D.     how young trees survive

Answer 1

Ⅰ.閱讀理解

A [文章大意]本文是一篇環(huán)保議論文，主要介紹Simard的觀點(diǎn)：樹(shù)與樹(shù)之間會(huì)相互合作和支持，傳遞相互需要的營(yíng)養(yǎng)來(lái)生存。

1.D 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?"和第二段"UBC Professor Si?mard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined."可知，文章介紹了樹(shù)和樹(shù)之間不是你死我活的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)關(guān)系，而是相互依賴的關(guān)系。快要死的樹(shù)會(huì)將自己的營(yíng)養(yǎng)傳給小樹(shù)，讓它們更好地成長(zhǎng)。樹(shù)木比我們想象的要復(fù)雜。故選D項(xiàng)。

2.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"…trees survive through their cooperation and support, passing around necessary nutrition 'de?pending on who needs it ，."可知Simard不同意達(dá)爾文"適者生存"的理論，Simard的觀點(diǎn)和達(dá)爾文的相反，她認(rèn)為樹(shù)是彼此依賴的。故選C項(xiàng)。

3.C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段"When humans cut down 'mother trees' with no awareness of these highly complex 'tree societies' or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest."可知,mother trees被砍倒會(huì)影響整個(gè)森林的生存。故選C項(xiàng)。

4.A詞義猜測(cè)題。it出現(xiàn)在文章最后一段，實(shí)際上it指代的是第四段提到的內(nèi)容，人們砍倒mother trees時(shí)是不知道"樹(shù)的社會(huì)" 的依存關(guān)系的，由此可知it指的是"樹(shù)的社會(huì)"是怎么運(yùn)作的。故選A項(xiàng)。