13.Below is a selection of 8unusual scientists who did research.
1.Wan tried to ride a rocket chair.You have to hand it to Wan Hu.Legend has it that when the Chinese official,Wan Hu,decided to visit the moon,he didn't ask one of his servants to sit in the hot seat.He settled himself into a wood chair fixed with 47rockets.When 47torch-bearing assistants lit the rockets,there was aloud sound and lots of smoke--but no more Wan Hu.There is,however,a crater named for Wan Hu on the far side of the moon.
2.Isaac Newton stuck a needle in his eye.Though best known for discovering the laws of gravitation,Newton also did pioneering research in optics.He experimented with prisms(棱鏡),but that didn't reveal much about the eye's structure or how it senses color.To learn more,the unusual physicist took a type of needle known with a sharp tip and,he wrote,"put it between my eye and the bone as near to the backside of my eye as I could."
3.Nicolae Minovici hanged himself.Nicolae Minovici performed a series of experiments in which he allowed himself to be choked by ropes.Though his feet reportedly never left the ground,he experienced a burning pain in his neck and signaled to be lowered.He had trouble swallowing for an entire month.
4.Franz Reichelt tested his parachute by jumping from the Eiffel Tower.On Feb 4,1912,an Austrian-borntailor named Franz Reichelt tested his"parachute(降落傘)suit"--an airman's suit designed to function as aparachute in the event of an emergency.Alas,the chute failed to open up,which contributed to his death.The event was recorded in still photos as well as in the grainy video below.
5.Evan O'Neill Kane took out his own appendix 闌尾).Dr.Kane,a surgeon working in Pennsylvania in the early 20th Century,wanted to find out about appendix.On Feb.15,1921,he chose to perform the surgery himself and take out his appendix.But he calmly pushed them back in and kept working.
6.Werner Forssmann stuck a plastic tube in his own heart.In the early part of the last century,it was believed that inserting something into a beating heart would be deadly.Werner Forssmann thought other wise.So one day in 1929,he put a tube into his heart.Fortunately he survived the daring experiment but lost his job.But his fearlessness was rewarded when he won a Nobel Prize in 1956.
7.Frederick Hoelzel ate glass.And not just glass.During the 1920s and 1930s,University of Chicagoresearcher Frederick Hoelzel reportedly swallowed grain,glass,ball bearings,thread,wire,and other non-food items in order to show how long it would take the items to pass through his guts(腸子).Despite his risky research,Hoelzel lived into old age.
=8.Barry Marshall drank bacteria-loaded soup.For many years doctors had only an unclear idea about the cause of stomach illness.So he decided to be his own pig,taking germs from an infected patient,mixing the min a solution,and drinking it.A few days later,after experiencing a period of throwing up and tiredness,he examined his own gut--and proved the link between the germs and illness.For his daring experiment he won a Nobel Prize in 2005.
46.Which of the following scientist's research certainly was recorded by video?D
A.Newton.
B.Minovici.
C.Hoelzel.
D.Reichelt.
47.Why did Werner Forssmann and Barry Marshall win the Nobel Prize?C
A.The two scientists were expert in surgery operations.
B.Both discovered the links between germs and disease.
C.They made significant breakthroughs in medical research through their brave experiments.
D.Each of them conducted the same experiment separately.
48.In which experiment did a scientist lose his life?A
A.Riding a rocket chair.
B.Eating glass.
C.Sticking a needle in his eye.
D.taking out his own appendix.
49.The greatest difference of the 8scientists from the majority of other scientists is thatB.
A.they devoted their time to scientific research
B.they would risk their lives for experiments
C.they were greatly enthusiastic about science
D.they made their great contributions to science.
分析 本文中六位科學(xué)家都是在實驗過程中都冒了生命危險,這是他們與其他大多數(shù)的科學(xué)家最不同的地方.
解答 46:D 細(xì)節(jié)題.由第三個標(biāo)題下,最后一句"The event was recorded in still photos as well as in the grainy video below."可知,Reichelt 的研究被視頻錄下來了.其他科學(xué)家的研究均未提及被錄像,故正確答案為D.
47:C 細(xì)節(jié)題.由第四個標(biāo)題下最后一句"But his fearlessness was rewarded when he won a Nobel Prize in 1956."和第六個標(biāo)題下最后一句"For his daring experiment he won a Nobel Prize in 2005."可知,Werner Forssmann 和 Barry Marshall 為科學(xué)大膽嘗試,打破常規(guī)思維,在醫(yī)療研究中取得突破性進展而獲得諾貝爾獎.其他選項均不是兩人獲得諾貝爾獎的原因.故正確答案為C.
48.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容"There is,however,a crater named for Wan Hu on the far side of the moon."然而,在月球的另一邊有一個叫Wan Hu的隕石坑,可知乘坐火箭死亡.故選A.
49:B 推斷題.A項,"他們都把他們的時間奉獻給科學(xué)研究";B項,"他們?yōu)閷嶒灻吧kU";C項,"他們對科學(xué)有很大的熱情";D項,"他們對科學(xué)做出了很大的貢獻".根據(jù)文意,本文中六位科學(xué)家都是在實驗過程中都冒了生命危險,這是他們與其他大多數(shù)的科學(xué)家最不同的地方.故正確答案為B.
點評 做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù).