Question

【題目】閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

Many couples who already have one healthy, happy child, are facing a dilemma（困境），that is, the issue of whether to have a second child or not. They have hard jobs and limited time and money, but they want to make sure that their only child does not become a lonely child. So, what are the advantages and disadvantages of having a second child? That is what so many couples are very much concerned about and eager to understand.

One popular saying is that one child means a lonely child. That's why many single- child parents plan to have a second child. They feel guilty about their decision to have only one child, because there are no other children in the family for their only child to play with, which may make the child feel lonely at times, especially during vacations.

Another common argument against having just one child is that an only child may be more spoiled than one with brothers or sisters. If one couple have only one child, the child can't learn to share things with others and is less capable of getting along well with other children than one who grows up with brothers or sisters.

However, in many parts of the world, more and more parents are still choosing not to have a second child because they argue that there are advantages for the child as well as the parents. With just one child, they suggest, there is little chance of family arguments concerned with children. Besides, as an only child in the family, the child can receive more quality time and attention. This often leads to increased self-respect and independence, which can lead to the child being more confident.

Unluckily, there is no simple answer to the question of whether or not to have a second child. Every family is different, and what is suitable for one family may not be for another. The important thing, in the end, is to make a decision that both you and your spouse（配偶）feel confident about.

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Answer 1

【答案】【參考范文l】

Whether to have a second child puzzle many couples. Some believe it means being no longer lonely and helps their children learn to share and become sociable. However. Having one child will let the child become more independent and confident due to more quality life and attention to the child. Of course, it’s decided by the couples.

【參考范文 2】

Opinions are divided as for whether to have a second child. To avoid their child being lonely and spoiled, many couples prefer to have a second child. But still more people would rather choose not to do so because it might increase family problems and “more children” means “l(fā)ess quality time and attention”, which in turn makes them less confident and self-respectful. Anyhow, it’s important to make the decision by the parents themselves.

【解析】

這是一篇議論文的概要寫作。議論文一般都有論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、論證，同學(xué)們只要把文章的結(jié)構(gòu)理清楚了，寫這篇概要寫作就容易很多。

第一步：閱讀文本，分析文章的寫作結(jié)構(gòu)。第一段提出文章議論的主題：what are the advantages and disadvantages of having a second child?（有二孩的好處和壞處有什么？）；第二段第三段論述的是有二孩的好處；第四段論述的是沒有二孩的好處，最后一段表明結(jié)論：是否要二孩沒有固定的答案，最重要的是夫妻雙方做出適合自己的決定。

第二步：確定內(nèi)容摘要的寫作結(jié)構(gòu)。第一句話點(diǎn)名主題，第二句寫要二孩的好處（總結(jié)第二段與第三段），第三句寫沒有二孩的好處，最后一句總結(jié)文章中的結(jié)論。

第三步：列提綱 （重點(diǎn)詞組）

puzzle（使困惑）；being no longer lonely（不再孤單）；help… learn to share（幫……學(xué)會(huì)分享）；become sociable（變得善于交際）；become more independent and confident（變得更加獨(dú)立和自信）；due to（由于）；be decided by…（被……決定）等。

第四步：遣詞造句：同學(xué)們?cè)趯懽鲿r(shí)不能逐句翻譯，可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫，同時(shí)要點(diǎn)表述要完整，文章要通順，準(zhǔn)確使用時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。

第五步：連句成文：寫作時(shí)要適當(dāng)使用連詞、過渡詞和插入語，使文章渾然一體。同時(shí)恰當(dāng)而合理地使用一些高級(jí)詞匯和句型，如定語從句等，以提高文章檔次。