【題目】 Typically, a person sitting in the driver's seat of a car opens the door with the hand closest to it. It makes sense since doors are designed to be opened that way. Pull the handle(把手) and immediately the door is open. But if you happen to do that at the wrong time, you may create an obstacle(阻礙) for a passing cyclist without knowing it. Then the cyclist will be sent falling off the bike, and the car door is likely to be damaged by the fast-moving bicycle.

The car door design and long-time habits have made the process instinctual but clearly the solution is for the person getting out of the vehicle to check for traffic. Luckily, there's a simple way to solve the problem: the Dutch reach. In other words, instead of using your left hand, reach for the door latch(門鎖) with your right hand. This will force you to turn your body and look into your side view mirror to see whether any car or bike is coming.

'It's just what Dutch people do,' said Fred Wegman, the former managing director of the National Institute for Road Safety Research in the Netherlands. 'All the Dutch are taught it. It's part of regular driver education.'

The technique dates back about 50 or 60 years, and it was very popular between the 1960s and the 1980s. But it didn't really become known as the Dutch reach until American physician named Michael Charney started the Dutch Reach Project in 2016 in an effort to popularize the practice in the United States. According to The Times, he was motivated by the death of a 27-year-old who rode into an open car door and died just five blocks from his home in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Charney's efforts may be paying off. Both Massachusetts and Illinois now include the Dutch reach in their drivers’ manuals(手冊).

【1】What is the first paragraph intended to show?

A.The poor design of the car door and handle.

B.A common conflict between cars and bicycles.

C.A main cause of traffic accidents related to cyclists.

D.Possible risks connected with opening the car door.

【2】What does the underlined word 'instinctual' in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.DifficultB.Possible

C.NaturalD.Dangerous

【3】How does the Dutch reach help to reduce traffic accidents?

A.By making the person open the car door more easily.

B.By forcing the person to check for approaching traffic.

C.By reminding the person of the traffic lights frequently.

D.By helping the person see the side view mirror more clearly.

【4】What made Charney introduce the Dutch reach into America?

A.Its popularity among Dutch people.

B.Its appearance in drivers’ manuals.

C.A project started in the year 2016.

D.The death caused by a traffic accident.

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了"Dutch reach"不是一個新的舞蹈動作，也不是一個隨機的YouTube挑戰(zhàn)。這是一個簡單的動作，可以幫助防止對騎自行車的人造成傷害。在這個過程中，你也可以保證車門的安全。

【1】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的But if you happen to do that at the wrong time, you may create an obstacle for a passing cyclist without knowing it. Then the cyclist will be sent falling off the bike, and the car door is likely to be damaged by the fast-moving bicycle. (但如果你碰巧在錯誤的時間這樣做，你可能會在不知情的情況下給經(jīng)過的騎車人制造障礙，然后騎車人會從自行車上摔下來，車門很可能會被快速行駛的自行車損壞。)可知，本段主要說明了錯誤的開車門會導(dǎo)致事故。D. Possible risks connected with opening the car door.(與開車門相關(guān)的潛在危險)符合以上說法，故選D項。

【2】

詞義猜測題．根據(jù)劃線詞所在句子The car door design and long-time habits have made the process instinctual but clearly the solution is for the person getting out of the vehicle to check for traffic.可知，車門的設(shè)計和長期的習(xí)慣使得這個過程是instinctual，但很明顯，解決方法是讓下車的人檢查交通狀況。根據(jù)句意，尤其是long-time habits 可推測劃線部分的意思是“本能的”。C. Natural(自然而然的)符合以上猜測，故選C項。

【3】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的The car door design and long-time habits have made the process instinctual but clearly the solution is for the person getting out of the vehicle to check for traffic．(車門的設(shè)計和長期的使用習(xí)慣使得這個過程是本能的，但很明顯，解決辦法是讓下車的人檢查交通)可知，荷蘭人為了減少交通事故，需要強迫要下車的人檢查接近的車輛。B. By forcing the person to check for approaching traffic.(通過強迫人們?nèi)z查來臨的車輛)符合以上說法，故選B項。

【4】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的According to The Times, he was motivated by the death of a 27-year-old who rode into an open car door and died just five blocks from his home in Cambridge， Massachusetts．(據(jù)《泰晤士報》報道，他的動機來自于一名27歲男子的死亡，他騎上一扇敞開的車門，在離馬薩諸塞州劍橋市家只有5個街區(qū)的地方去世。)可知，交通事故造成的死亡使查尼把荷式開門法引入美國。D. The death caused by a traffic accident.(一場交通事故造成的死亡)符合以上說法，故選D項。

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