【題目】閱讀下列材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(一個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

From the “Roman Warm Period” to the “Little Ice Age” that began in the 14th century, periods of hot and cold weather【1】 (extend) for centuries. As a result, many have argued that the current period of global warming【2】(be) part of a natural pattern and the human role in creating【3】 has been exaggerated.

This new study suggests that is not【4】 case. Scientists reconstructed the major climate events of the past 2,000 years by looking around 700 records, tree rings, ice cores and lake sediments(沉淀物) 【5】 (include). Not one single event affected as much of the world【6】the present period of warming is now doing. Other scientists【7】 have looked at the study have been impressed by the quality of the research.

The researchers involved argue that the new 【8】 (finding) reveal many theories put forward by climate scientists【9】 (explain) the rise in temperatures, including changes in solar activity. The current period of climate change is mainly down to humans, they insist. Natural causes, they say, are【10】 (simple) not sufficient to explain the warming scene over the last century and a half.

【答案】

【1】have extended

【2】is

【3】it

【4】the

【5】included

【6】as

【7】who/that

【8】findings

【9】to explain

【10】simply

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。新研究表明過(guò)去2000年的主要?dú)夂蚴录�，沒(méi)有一件事像目前的氣候變暖對(duì)世界的影響那么大。參與其中的研究人員認(rèn)為，新的發(fā)現(xiàn)揭示了氣候科學(xué)家提出的許多理論，這些理論解釋了氣溫上升，包括太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)的變化。

【1】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) for centuries可知本句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為periods，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填have extended。

【2】考查主謂一致及時(shí)態(tài)。該句主語(yǔ) the current period 為單數(shù)且整個(gè)句子描述的是當(dāng)前的情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is。

【3】考查代詞�？仗幹复e語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ) the current period of global warming，故填it。

【4】考查冠詞。根據(jù)固定短語(yǔ)it/this/that is(not) the case表示“事實(shí)就是/并非如此”。故填the。

【5】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知include在句中作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且上文tree rings, ice cores and lake sediments與include構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，此處表示它們都被包含在700 records內(nèi)，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞included。故填 included。

【6】考查連接詞。句意：沒(méi)有一件事像目前的氣候變暖一樣對(duì)世界的影響那么大。根據(jù)固定結(jié)構(gòu)as...as...表示“和……一樣”。故填as。

【7】考查定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。本句為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞other scientists，且先行詞從句中作主語(yǔ)，指人，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who 或that。故填who/that。

【8】考查名詞的數(shù)。finding為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)后文謂語(yǔ)reveal為動(dòng)詞原形，可知此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填findings。

【9】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知explain在句中作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式表目的，即氣候科學(xué)家提出的許多理論是為了解釋氣溫上升，包括太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)的變化。故填to explain。

【10】考查副詞。句意：他們說(shuō)，自然原因根本不足以解釋過(guò)去一個(gè)半世紀(jì)全球變暖的現(xiàn)象。simply用于強(qiáng)調(diào)，表示“簡(jiǎn)直，根本”。故填simply。

定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞選擇，可考慮以下幾點(diǎn)：

1、看清楚先行詞的意義，就是理清先行詞是指人、指物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因。指物時(shí)不能用who或whom，指人時(shí)通常不用which等等。

2、看清楚關(guān)系詞的句法功能，就是理清關(guān)系詞是擔(dān)任什么句子成分，是作主語(yǔ)還是賓語(yǔ)、是作定語(yǔ)還是狀語(yǔ)等等。作定語(yǔ)通常用whose，有時(shí)也用which。作狀語(yǔ)要用when, where, why。

3、看清楚定語(yǔ)從句的種類，就是理清是限制性定語(yǔ)從句還是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。that、why通常不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。

4、看清楚文體，就是理清是正式文體，還是非正式文體。是書(shū)面語(yǔ)體還是口語(yǔ)體。

如第七小題，本句為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞other scientists，且先行詞從句中作主語(yǔ)，指人，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who 或that。故填who/that。

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