【題目】Three Ways to Protect Yourself From Today’s Unreal News

Nowadays with so much news available, many people consume media in an automatic, unconscious state-similar to knowing you drove home but not being able to recall the trip. 【1】. These strategies can help you become wiser news consumers in three simple steps.

Seek out your own news

Like most people, you probably get a fair amount of your news from social media. You should change that. Their goal is to maximize the time you spend on their sites and apps, getting advertising income. That means instead of presenting you with the most important news of the day, social media feed you what will hold your attention. 【2】. These organizations actually produce news, usually in the spirit of serving the public interest.

Use basic mathematics

Untrustworthy news often use some data to make unreal claims. 【3】. For example, a widely spread rumour (謠言) falsely claimed 10,150 Americans were killed by illegal immigrants in 2019. On the surface, it’s hard to know whether it is true, but one way to start is to think about finding out how many total murders there were in the US in 2019.

【4】

Humans are biased (傾向性的) to believe what’s in front of their eyes. Video content is considered more trustworthy-even though some videos can be very misleading. 【5】. Seeing and hearing should not necessarily be believing. Treat video content with just as much doubt as news text, checking any facts with news from a trusted source.

A.Watch out for biases

B.Believe video content

C.You’ll see a more complete range of information

D.Think carefully about how you determine something is true

E.Instead, regularly visit trusted news apps and news websites directly

F.Simple mathematical calculations can help you better spot false data

G.However, you can develop habits to control your news intake more consciously

【答案】

【1】G

【2】E

【3】F

【4】A

【5】D

【解析】

這是一篇議論文。講述了如何明智地吸收信息的三種方法。

【1】

前文提到“Nowadays with so much news available, many people consume media in an automatic, unconscious state-similar to knowing you drove home but not being able to recall the trip”，意為“現(xiàn)在人們有大量信息可以接觸到，我們以一種無意識的狀態(tài)消化信息，就像你知道自己是開車回家的但是想不起來過程”，后文提到“These strategies can help you become wiser news consumers in three simple steps”，意為“這些措施能幫助你簡單幾步成為更明智的信息接收者”，前后句意相反，所以空格處應(yīng)為轉(zhuǎn)折句，起到承上啟下的作用，G項(xiàng)“但是，你可以培養(yǎng)自己更有意識地控制信息吸收的習(xí)慣”切題，故選G。

【2】

后文提到“These organizations actually produce news, usually in the spirit of serving the public interest.”，這些組織確實(shí)會生產(chǎn)新聞，通常是以服務(wù)公眾興趣為精神，所以這些組織是提供新聞的，由指示代詞these可知，在這些組織在前文中就已提到，所以空格處應(yīng)提到這些真正提供新聞的組織，且在空格之前提到很多社交媒體并不真正提供當(dāng)天最重要的信息，而是吸引你的注意力從而達(dá)到打廣告的目的，空格前后句意相反，所以空格處應(yīng)有轉(zhuǎn)折詞，E項(xiàng)“相反，你應(yīng)該直接訪問受信任的新聞軟件和網(wǎng)站”切題，故選E。

【3】

根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Use basic mathematics”可知F項(xiàng)“簡單的數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算可以幫助你更好地識別錯(cuò)誤的數(shù)據(jù)”切題，故選F。

【4】

根據(jù)第一句“Humans are biased (傾向性的) to believe what’s in front of their eyes.”可知，本段主題與bias（偏見）有關(guān)，所以A項(xiàng)“注意偏見”切題，故選A。

【5】

根據(jù)后文“Seeing and hearing should not necessarily be believing. Treat video content with just as much doubt as news text, checking any facts with news from a trusted source.”可知，這部分是在講即使是視頻信息也要報(bào)以足夠的懷疑，對來自受信任來源的信息也要檢查，這是講如何確定得到的信息是真實(shí)的，所以D項(xiàng)“仔細(xì)想想如何確定某件事是真實(shí)的”切題，故選D。

對于一些七選五的小題，根據(jù)空格前后的名詞、動詞等對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)中相同、相近或相反的詞語就可以選出答案，例如第三題中小標(biāo)題中的“mathematics”對應(yīng)F項(xiàng)中的“mathematical”，故選F項(xiàng)。再例如第四題中第一句中的“biased”對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A中的biases，故選A。

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