13.Gallows humor(黑色幽默) may seem like a mistake,or at least in poor taste.But psychologists say that gallows humor can be an important way to relieve stress."Humor makes you feel in control and it can give you that feeling that everything is okay even when it's not,"says James M.Jones,a psychology professor at the University of Delaware.
Psychologists say that just because you're laughing doesn't mean you're wasting time.Occasional tease among colleagues,particularly if it is associated with the job,can inspire creativity,departmental cohesiveness(凝聚力) and performance.
"There are a lot of stresses out there,"says Ed Dunkelblau,a psychologist in Chicago."Gallows humor is a way of making difficult things a little less difficult."
This is as long as the humor is used for the right purpose.The main point of it should be inspiring people-not laughing at them."Anything that would lift morale(士氣) in terms of the company would be good humor,"says Thierry Guedj,a professor.
You want to give your employees and co-workers a sense of belonging,so don't make observations that are aggressive.Most obviously,Dr.Guedj says,don't make comments about people's physical appearance or faith.If you have any doubt about its appropriateness,don't go through with it.
Or you can take aim at the person that you know won't be offended(冒犯):yourself."If there's going to be a joke or story,it should be you,"Mr Dunkelblau says.
"People with the ability to laugh at themselves can give other people permission to laugh at themselves,too,"Mr Jones says."And if you can laugh at yourself,you feel better about yourself."
60.According to the passage,gallows humor has the following functions EXCEPTA.
A.leading to a big mistake B.reducing pressure
C.making people more creative D.improving performance
61.What is Ed Dunkelblau's attitude towards gallows humor?B
A.Negative. B.Positive.
C.Neutral. D.Uncertain.
62.When people use gallows humor,they shouldD.
A.observe who is aggressive
B.show a sense of belonging
C.doubt about the result of humor
D.try to avoid involving private things
63.What can we infer from the passage?B
A.People tend to laugh at others rather than themselves.
B.Laughing at yourself can make others free from stress.
C.People can't avoid offending others with gallows humor.
D.People who laugh at themselves are easy to gain others'permission.
分析 文章講述了黑色幽默的作用,是釋放壓力的一種重要方式,適當(dāng)?shù)挠哪梢栽黾訄F隊的凝聚力,也可以減少困難,鼓舞士氣.同時也講述了要適當(dāng)?shù)氖褂,如果方式和場合不正確可能會引起負(fù)面作用.
解答 60.A.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題.psychologists say that gallows humor can be an important way to relieve stress boost creativity,departmental cohesiveness(凝聚力)and performance.心理學(xué)家說黑色幽默是釋放壓力的重要方式,也能夠促進(jìn)創(chuàng)造力,各部門的凝聚力和他們的執(zhí)行力,故選A.
61.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.第一自然段講述了黑色幽默是減少壓力的作用,可以讓你感覺到不好的事情也都一切順利了;第二自然段講述了黑色幽默可以激發(fā)人的創(chuàng)造力,凝聚力和執(zhí)行力等;第三自然段說明可以使困難減少等說明作者對黑色幽默是肯定的.故答案應(yīng)為B.
62.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章you can take aim at the one person you know won't be offended(冒犯)句意為不要對任何人有所冒犯,也就是說在黑色幽默時,不要刺激任何人.故選D.
63.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章People with the ability to laugh at themselves can give other people permission to laugh at themselves too,與if you can laugh at yourself,you feel better about yourself."意思為:能夠自嘲的人也可以讓其它的人嘲笑他們自己,如果你能夠嘲笑自己,就就對自己感覺良好.因此自嘲也能夠減少他人的壓力;故選B.
點評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.