Question

【題目】The loud continuous noise of the cars or the sound of a plane can force its way into the deepest forest, yet it’s not only humans that are bothered by the noise.

Bioacoustician Bernie Krause has been studying the effect of noise pollution on wildlife, and has come across some interesting behaviors, especially among animals that communicate by vocalization（發(fā)聲）, like humans. Birds use sound to communicate, but in noisy places, these animals have to shout over the natural noise to be heard.

Krause mentions a study of nightingales to clarify what he means. The birds responded to traffic noise by singing louder and louder until they actually went beyond noise pollution standards in the city. To belt out (sing loudly) their songs, they increased their lung pressure fivefold, but scientists state that this is not dangerous for the birds themselves.

Studies show that sudden noise can cause certain birds to leave their nests, exposing the young to their enemies. One study also showed that songbirds that nested close to busy motorways were much less productive than those that nested farther away. Mammals（哺乳動(dòng)物）too are affected. A recent study showed that nursing caribou responded to plane noise by not producing enough milk to feed their young.

In some cases noise pollution can actually help some animals while harming others. Toads（蟾蜍）and frogs are known to vocalize in synchrony（同步；同步方式）so that no predator (their enemies) can zero in on them. Krause found that when planes flew overhead and disturbed the toad’s song, they lost their synchronicity, and it took them 45 minutes to get it back again. That gave their natural enemies plenty of time to find and catch individual toads by sound.

According to Kruse, “Not only will noise pollution bother wildlife, but it won’t help our lives either.”

【1】How do young caribou suffer from aircraft noise?

A. They receive less food. B. They can’t sleep at night.

C. They are often displaced. D. They can’t hear their mothers.

【2】What would happen if toads and frogs failed to sing in union?

A. They might become defenseless.

B. They would stop communicating.

C. They would soon regain their rhythm.

D. They might ne unable to hunt in groups.

【3】What is the text mainly about?

A. The effects of noise pollution on wildlife.

B. The causes of noise pollution.

C. Animals’ reaction to noises.

D. The ways animals communicate with each other.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】A

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了噪音污染對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的影響。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段A recent study showed that nursing caribou responded to plane noise by not producing enough milk to feed their young.可知，哺乳中的馴鹿對(duì)飛機(jī)噪音的反應(yīng)是不能生產(chǎn)足夠的奶來喂養(yǎng)它們的幼仔，所以小馴鹿就沒有足夠的食物吃。故選A。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段That gave their natural enemies plenty of time to find and catch individual toads by sound.可知，如果蟾蜍和青蛙不能跟同類合唱保持聯(lián)系，它們可能會(huì)變得毫無防御能力，結(jié)果落單的就會(huì)被天敵給抓走。故選A。

【3】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段yet it’s not only humans that are bothered by the noise.引出下文：噪音不僅僅擾亂了人類的生活，而且對(duì)動(dòng)物也造成了一定的影響。接下來本文主要講述的就是噪音對(duì)動(dòng)物的影響。故本文主要說明了噪音污染對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的影響。故選A。

概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯主題句，就通過關(guān)鍵詞句來概括(如議論文中尋找表達(dá)作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動(dòng)詞或反映人物特點(diǎn)的形容詞)。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，務(wù)必牢記作者的觀點(diǎn)才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。本文是一篇說明文。該類文章的中心一般就在第一段或最后一段。本文第一段yet it’s not only humans that are bothered by the noise.引出下文：噪音不僅僅擾亂了人類的生活，而且對(duì)動(dòng)物也造成了一定的影響。接下來本文主要說明的就是噪音對(duì)動(dòng)物的影響。故小題3選A項(xiàng)。