Question

【題目】

Elon Musk, perhaps the world’s most famous businessman, has a habit of making statements that stretch the bounds of believability.

On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI), starting from the design of a “neural lace (神經(jīng)織網(wǎng))”, a net of thin electrodes (電極) that capture the information from the brain. However, the electrodes must be flexible, so that they do not damage brain tissue and will last for a long time. And to make the implantation (植入) of so many electrodes safe, painless and effective, the process has to be automated.

Mr. Musk’s team does indeed seem to have made progress towards these goals. Its presentation included videos of a robot that is best described as a sewing machine. This robot grabs “threads”, and shoots them deep into the brain through a hole. The firm has also designed a chip that can handle signals from as many as 3,072 electrodes.

With all these technological breakthroughs, the firm now hopes to help people overcome such illnesses as blindness and paralysis. They designed a small device that would sit behind someone’s ear, picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them on as appropriate. In a few years, using a brain implant to control your devices may be as prevalent as wearing wireless earphones today. Finally, Musk predicts neural lace will allow humans to be combined with AI systems, thus enabling the species to survive.

Though, as this announcement shows, Mr. Musk does have a habit of presenting himself as the hero of the human race, the idea that some machines at least will come under the direct control of human brains seems possible to be carried out. The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret brainwaves, but rather persuading people that the necessary surgery, whether by sewing machine or otherwise, is actually a good idea.

【1】We can learn from the first two paragraphs that _____.

A.electrodes should be flexible to extend life

B.Elon Musk constantly comes up with unexpected ideas

C.a neural lace is used to store information from the brain

D.electrodes are implanted by top surgeons for safety reasons

【2】What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A.Useful.B.Common.C.Professional.D.Appropriate.

【3】What is the hardest part of carrying out BMI?

A.Convincing people to accept the surgery.

B.Developing devices to perform the surgery.

C.Writing the software to interpret brainwaves.

D.Informing people of the success of the surgery.

【4】What is the best title of this passage?

A.The Neural Lace, A New Type of BMI.

B.Elon Musk, the Hero of Human Beings.

C.Artificial Intelligence, the Way to Survive.

D.A Brain Implant, A Step to Control Machines.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】B

【3】A

【4】A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了Elon Musk提出的新型腦機交互的想法，并從現(xiàn)今研究成果和未來應(yīng)用前景進行了詳細(xì)說明。

【1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Elon Musk... has a habit of making statements that stretch the bounds of believability.(埃隆·馬斯克，有一種習(xí)慣，他發(fā)表的言論超出了可信度的范圍。)”第二段中“On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI)” (2019年10月16日，他提出了一個關(guān)于新型腦機交互的想法。)可知Elon Musk經(jīng)常能提出前所未聞的想法，B項符合題意。故選B項。

【2】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“They designed a small device that would sit behind someone’s ear, picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them on as appropriate.”可知，現(xiàn)在設(shè)計的小設(shè)備安裝在人的耳后，從植入芯片中收集信息，然后以合適的方式傳遞下去。表明現(xiàn)在的應(yīng)用較為復(fù)雜。劃線詞所在句表述為幾年后，意為與現(xiàn)在形成對比關(guān)系，表明這項技術(shù)會變得更為普遍和簡易。通過翻譯選項可知，B項common“普遍的”切合題意。故選B項。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret brainwaves, but rather persuading people that the necessary surgery”可知，最大的阻礙可能不是寫軟件，而是說服人們做必要的外科手術(shù)。意在表明BMI最艱難的部分是說服人們接受必要的外科手術(shù)。故選A項。

【4】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI)”可知2019年10月16日，他提出了一個關(guān)于新型腦機交互的想法。接下來全文圍繞新型腦機交互(BMI)進行展開說明，因此可知A項“新神經(jīng)織網(wǎng)，一種新型的腦機交互”切題。故選A項。

猜測詞義題旨在考查學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文推測生詞、短語或句子意思的能力，突出考查對語境的分析和把握能力。是閱讀理解的�？碱}型，題干中通常含有mean，referto或者bereplacedby等。例如第2小題中“In a few years, using a brain implant to control your devices may be as prevalent as wearing wireless earphones today.”根據(jù)同位或解釋關(guān)系，當(dāng)作者不能肯定讀者能夠理解他的意思時，會用另外一種方式來進一步詳細(xì)解釋或類比關(guān)系襯托自己的觀點表述。句中as起到了連接前后句語境的作用，通過后句的類比關(guān)系暗示劃線詞的含義，考生要將前后兩句都讀完才能理清語境間內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，進而準(zhǔn)確的推測出劃線詞的含義。