【題目】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
In modern India, polluting sectors continue to be important pillars of the economy. Many argue that any attempt to get rid of coal would result 【1】 a widespread loss of jobs. 【2】 (similar), much of India's commercial transport is run on diesel(柴油). The idea of replacing diesel trucks and cars with cleaner electric powered vehicles 【3】(consider) too expensive. As the change from coal to natural gas would increase their operating 【4】 (cost), business owners fear becoming less 【5】 (compete) in an increasingly global market.
One of the 【6】 (large) contributors to air pollution in India, especially in the north of the country, is the agricultural sector. Every year, between October and November, thousands of farmers burn harvest residue(剩余物) as 【7】 prepare fields for the new crop. The practice, 【8】 (know) as stubble burning, leads to a smoky haze(霧霾) forming in much of northern India.
The government 【9】 (try) to encourage the use of green technology, such as so-called "Happy Seeder" machines 【10】 can sow seeds without having to remove the agricultural residue. However, this has proven to be expensive.
【答案】
【1】in
【2】Similarly
【3】is considered
【4】costs
【5】competitive
【6】largest
【7】they
【8】known
【9】has tried
【10】that / which
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。文章提到在印度污染部門是印度經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要支柱。文章分析了其原因所在。
【1】
考查固定短語。句意:許多人認(rèn)為,任何擺脫煤炭的嘗試都會導(dǎo)致大量失業(yè)。分析句子,result in 導(dǎo)致……的結(jié)果。此處是固定短語,故填in。
【2】
考查副詞。句意:同樣,印度的大部分商業(yè)運輸也使用柴油。分析句子,提示詞的詞性為形容詞,不可放句首。故需將形容詞改為副詞放句首修飾整個句子。故填Similarly。
【3】
考查被動語態(tài)。句意:用更清潔的電動汽車取代柴油卡車和汽車的想法被認(rèn)為過于昂貴。分析句子,簡單句除了提示詞外無其余動詞,故需填動詞的時態(tài)。consider和邏輯主語The idea之間表示被動邏輯且時態(tài)表示客觀實在性。所以此處需填一般現(xiàn)在時的被動。故填is considered。
【4】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意:因為從煤到天然氣的轉(zhuǎn)變會增加它們的運營成本。分析句子,operating 譯為“操作的,運營的”詞性是形容詞,后面修飾名詞。cost譯為“成本,費用,代價”詞性是名詞,可以直接被operating修飾,但需表示復(fù)數(shù)。故填costs。
【5】
考查形容詞。句意:企業(yè)主們擔(dān)心在日益全球化的市場上競爭力會下降。分析句子,becoming譯為“變得”是系動詞,后面修飾形容詞作表語。所以需將compete變?yōu)樾稳菰~。故填competitive。
【6】
考查形容詞最高級。句意:造成印度空氣污染的最大因素之一是農(nóng)業(yè),尤其是在印度北部地區(qū)。分析句子,one of 譯為“其中之一”后面修飾形容詞時,需要用形容詞的最高級。故填largest。
【7】
考查代詞。句意:每年10月到11月之間,成千上萬的農(nóng)民焚燒收獲殘渣,為新作物做準(zhǔn)備。分析句子,從句部分需找代詞來指代前面的“農(nóng)民們”。故填they。
【8】
考查非謂語動詞。句意:這種被稱為燒殘茬的做法導(dǎo)致印度北部大部分地區(qū)出現(xiàn)煙霧。分析句子,be known as 譯為“作為…而被熟知”,是固定短語。句中的be動詞被省略,剩余用過去分詞作狀語。故填known。
【9】
考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意:政府已經(jīng)嘗試鼓勵使用綠色技術(shù)。分析句子,簡單句中除了try外無其余動詞,故此處需用動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)現(xiàn)在完成時的基本用法:動作發(fā)生在過去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響。分析句意,此處表示“已經(jīng)”嘗試過了。此處的動詞符合現(xiàn)在完成時的基本用法,且此處動詞和邏輯主語之間表示主動。故填has tried。
【10】
考查定語從句。句意:比如所謂的“快樂播種機(jī)”,這種機(jī)器播種時無需清除農(nóng)業(yè)殘留物。分析句子,定語從句部分缺主語。此處需用關(guān)系代詞。先行詞指物,故填that/which。
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