Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict.” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual clothes—khaki pants and a sports shirt—to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I am working harder than ever.” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. In the United States, the change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday（but only on Friday）.This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.” said business consultant Maisly Jones.
Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code.” “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative（保守的）dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale（心境，士氣）. Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative influence on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”
小題1:David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict,” because     .
A．he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
B．he couldn’t stand a clean appearance
C．he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time
D．he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes
小題2:David Smith wears casual clothes now, because     .
A．they make him feel at ease when working
B．he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes
C．he looks handsome in casual clothes
D．he no longer works for any company
小題3:According to this passage, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A．Many employees don’t like a conservative dress code.
B．Comfortable clothes make employees more productive.
C．A casual clothes code is welcomed by young employees.
D．All the employers in the U. S. are for casual office wear.
小題4:According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Company workers started to dress down about fifty years ago.
B．Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 90s.
C．“Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers.
D．Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.
小題5:In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPT     .
A．saving employees’ money
B．making employees more attractive
C．improving employees’ motivation
D．making employees happier

小題1:C
小題2:A
小題3:D
小題4:C
小題5:B

試題分析：本文講述的是在西方國(guó)家的公司里越來(lái)越多的工作人員都傳休閑服工作，文章解釋了具體的原因和這樣做的好處。
小題1:C 推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段“I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.”可知他帶了另外一套衣服，防止這一套有皺紋，就患上另外一套，說(shuō)明他希望自己的穿著很整潔。故C正確。
小題2:A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段3,4行He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I’m working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”可知穿休閑服裝讓他更舒服，很隨意。故A正確。
小題3:D 推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes?可知很多公司都允許工人穿休閑服。但是并沒(méi)有說(shuō)所有的公司都是支持這樣做的。故D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不準(zhǔn)確。
小題4:C 推理題。根據(jù)“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.” said business consultant Maisly Jones.說(shuō)明這種做法是的得到老板的支持和同意的。故C正確。
小題5:B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes.和Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money.可知ACD三項(xiàng)都是文章中所提及的穿休閑裝的優(yōu)勢(shì)：省錢，使員工更快樂(lè)，提高員工的動(dòng)力，沒(méi)有說(shuō)使職員更加漂亮，故B正確。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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When I ask the classes I teach, “How many of you can cook a better hamburger than McDonald's?” almost all the students raise their hands. I then ask, “So if most of you can cook a better hamburger, how come McDonald's makes more money than you?” The answer is obvious: McDonald's is excellent at business systems. The world is filled with talented poor people. They focus on perfecting their skills at building a better hamburger rather than the skills of selling and delivering the hamburger.
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A．he is just one of the talented people
B．he is ready to help others
C．he has a sharp sense of hearing
D．he knows little about car repairing
小題2:The underlined part in the third paragraph can be best replaced by____   ．
A．spend more than they can afford
B．do in their own way
C．1ive in their own circle
D．1ive within what they earn
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B．They lack financial intelligence．
C．They don't make full use of their talents
D．They have no specialized skills．
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

We’ve considered several ways of paying to cut in line: hiring line standers, buying tickets from scalpers (票販子), or purchasing line-cutting privileges directly from, say, an airline or an amusement park. Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue (waiting your turn) with the morals of the market (paying a price for faster service).
Markets and queues—paying and waiting—are two different ways of allocating things, and each is appropriate to different activities. The morals of the queue, “First come, first served, have an egalitarian (平等主義的) appeal. They tell us to ignore privilege, power, and deep pockets.
The principle seems right on playgrounds and at bus stops. But the morals of the queue do not govern all occasions. If I put my house up for sale, I have no duty to accept the first offer that comes along, simply because it’s the first. Selling my house and waiting for a bus are different activities, properly governed by different standards.
Sometimes standards change, and it is unclear which principle should apply. Think of the recorded message you hear, played over and over, as you wait on hold when calling your bank: “Your call will be answered in the order in which it was received.” This is essential for the morals of the queue. It’s as if the company is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.
But don’t take the recorded message too seriously. Today, some people’s calls are answered faster than others. Call center technology enables companies to “score” incoming calls and to give faster service to those that come from rich places. You might call this telephonic queue jumping.
Of course, markets and queues are not the only ways of allocating things. Some goods we distribute by merit, others by need, still others by chance. However, the tendency of markets to replace queues, and other non-market ways of allocating goods is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore. It is striking that most of the paid queue-jumping schemes we’ve considered—at airports and amusement parks, in call centers, doctors’ offices, and national parks—are recent developments, scarcely imaginable three decades ago. The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concern, but these are not the only places that markets have entered.
小題1:According to the author, which of the following seems governed by the principle “First come, first served”?
A．Taking buses. B．Buying houses.
C．Flying with an airline.D．Visiting amusement parks.
小題2:The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates ______.
A．the necessity of patience in queuing
B．the advantage of modern technology
C．the uncertainty of allocation principle
D．the fairness of telephonic services
小題3:The passage is meant to ______.
A．justify paying for faster services
B．discuss the morals of allocating things
C．a(chǎn)nalyze the reason for standing in line
D．criticize the behavior of queue jumping

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