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There is a lot of misunderstanding about studying. Most students have not been taught the principles behind really effective working. Imagine a graph showing the amount a person learns against the number of hours he works in a day. If he doesn’t do any work, he learns nothing (point 0). If he does an hour’s work he learns a certain amount (point 1). If he does two hours’ work he learns about twice as much (point 2). If he does more work he’ll learn still more (point 3). However, if he tries to do twenty-three and a half hours’ work in a day, he will be so tired that he’ll hardly remember anything: what he learns will be very little (point 4). If he did less work he’d learn more (point 5).
Now whatever the exact shape of the graph’s curve(曲線), made by joining these points, it must have a high point. Point “X” is the very maximum anyone can learn in the day. And this represents the optimum(最適度), the best, amount of work to do. It is the best possible compromise between adequate time at the books and fatigue(勞累). Fatigue is an absolutely real thing; one can’t escape it or ignore it. If you try to ignore it and press yourself to work past the optimum, you will only get on this downward slope and achieve less than the best – and then become very tired and lose your power of concentration.
The skill in being a student consists of getting one’s daily study as near the optimum point as possible. I cannot tell you what the optimum is. It differs with the type of work, it differs from person to person, and even in the same person it varies from week to week. You must try to find your own. Every day you study, bear this principle of the optimum in mind. When you feel yourself getting fatigued, if you find yourself reading the same paragraph over and over again and not taking it in, that’s a pretty good sign you’ve reached your highest point for the day and should stop. Most ordinary students find their optimum at five hours a day. Yours may be a little more or a little less – but if you get in five hours’ good work a day, you will be doing well.
Now, what are you doing with yourself when you aren’t working? Before examinations some students do nothing at all except sit in a chair and worry. Here is another misunderstanding. People often think that the mind works like the body; it does not. If one wanted to save one’s physical energy in order to cut the maximum amount of firewood, one would lie flat on a bed and rest when one wasn’t chopping. But the mind cannot rest. Even in sleep you dream, even if you forget your dreams. The mind is always turning. It gets its relaxation only by variety. That is what makes the mind rest.
When you’ve finished your optimum number of hours you must stop. You must not then sit around in the chair thinking about the work – that only tires without any learning. You must get out and do something. It doesn’t matter what – anything so long as you are actively doing something else but work.
小題1:According to the passage, _______.
A．the longer you study every day, the more you will learn
B．you’ll achieve better learning results if you work three hours every day
C．the less work you do, the better you will learn
D．your work efficiency will decrease once you exceed a certain point of work
小題2:Fatigue can result in ________.
A．loss of memoryB．a need for relaxation
C．a lot of anxietyD．loss of concentration
小題3:The passage tells us that a person’s optimum number of working hours _______.
A．follows a regular pattern with each individual
B．changes regularly from week to week
C．can be partly determined by the sort of work he is doing
D．should be determined before he gets too tired
小題4:The only way the mind can relax is by ________.
A．doing a variety of things in turn
B．not thinking about anything
C．turning continuously
D．getting oneself in a state of fatigue
小題5:After you have reached the optimum point of study in a day, you should ________.
A．lie in bed and rest
B．do something else actively
C．do some physical labor
D．stop thinking about your studies

小題1:D
小題2:D
小題3:C
小題4:A
小題5:B

試題分析：小題1:D 推理題。根據第一段后3行if he tries to do twenty-three and a half hours’ work in a day, he will be so tired that he’ll hardly remember anything: what he learns will be very little (point 4). If he did less work he’d learn more (point 5).說明如果你超過了一定的學習時間，學習的效果會大大下降。故D正確。
小題2:D 細節(jié)題。根據第二段最后兩句you will only get on this downward slope and achieve less than the best – and then become very tired and lose your power of concentration.說明如果一個人過去勞累，那么在注意力集中程度方面會有大的下降，故D正確。
小題3:C 細節(jié)題。根據第三段2，3行It differs with the type of work, it differs from person to person, and even in the same person it varies from week to week.說明勞累的時間可能會受工作的種類，受個人情況的影響，故C正確。
小題4:A 細節(jié)題。根據文章倒數第二段最后兩行It gets its relaxation only by variety. That is what makes the mind rest.說明讓思維放松的方法是輪流做一些別的事情，故A正確。
小題5:B 細節(jié)題。根據文章最后一段最后兩行You must get out and do something. It doesn’t matter what – anything so long as you are actively doing something else but work.說明當人到達勞累點的時候，要去做一些另外的活動，故B正確。
點評：文章介紹了每一天一個人的高效學習時間是一定的，超過了這個時間，學習就會變得非常沒有效率。同時還介紹了解決的方法。本文和上一篇一樣，都特別注重細節(jié)的考查，同時要注意理解各段的段落大意。
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