【題目】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Aesop (伊索) was a slave living around 550 BC. We call the stories he wrote fables, as every story has a moral. Almost all the fables he wrote are ___【1】__ (humor) and entertaining, appealing to people __【2】___ all ages. Till now, Aesop’s fables __【3】___ (translate) into many languages and are known all over the world. Not only _【4】__ the fables themselves lived for nearly 1500 years, but the __【5】___ (express) from them have entered various languages.
One fable, for instance, is about a farmer who was driving his cart along a country road. The cart got __【6】__ (stick) in the mud, but the farmer made _【7】__ effort to get it out. Instead, he began to pray to the gods for help. The god Hercules finally appeared and told ___【8】__ man to get busy and push ___【9】__. “Push your shoulder to the wheel.” Hercules advised.
The moral of the story is clear. We mustn’t rely on others for help. Another saying which has come from the fable is “God helps those __【10】__ help themselves.”
【答案】
【1】humorous
【2】of
【3】have been translated
【4】have
【5】expressions
【6】stuck
【7】no
【8】the
【9】it
【10】who
【解析】
試題分析:本文介紹有關(guān)伊索寓言的故事。
【1】humorous 考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)were,和entertaining, appealing可知本空需要填形容詞。故答案為humorous/ humourous。
【2】of考查介詞。of+名詞可以表示所修飾的詞所具有的特征!皃eople of all ages”各個年齡階層的人。故答案為of。
【3】have been translated 考查謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語“to date”至今為止,可知本空用現(xiàn)在完成時。主語“寓言”和動詞“翻譯”之間是被動關(guān)系。所以用被動語態(tài)。故答案為have been translated。
【4】have考查倒裝中的助動詞。not only放于句首時,句子需要部分倒裝。即把助動詞提到主語前。根據(jù)but also后的句子是現(xiàn)在完成時,所以此處填現(xiàn)在完成時的助動詞。故答案為have。
【5】expressions考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意“不僅寓言本身存在了近1500年,而且里面的表達也進入到別的語言中!惫蚀鸢笧閑xpressions。
【6】stuck考查固定表達。get/be stuck in被卡住,被困住。此處指車被困在泥里。故答案為stuck。
【7】no考查上下文邏輯。句意“那個農(nóng)夫沒有努力把車從泥里拉出來,而是祈求上帝幫忙!惫蚀鸢笧閚o/little。
【8】the考查冠詞。前面提到過那個農(nóng)夫,此處再出現(xiàn)應該特指。故答案為the。
【9】it考查代詞。此處需要一個代詞代替前面的cart。故答案為it。
【10】who考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。定語從句的先行詞是those,指代人,而且在從句中做主語。句意“自助者天助也!惫蚀鸢笧閣ho。
【知識拓展】
部分倒裝
1、含有否定意義的副詞位于句首時的倒裝:
在正式文體中,never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere等含有否定意義的副詞若位于句首,則其后要用部分倒裝:
如:I shall never forgive him./ Never shall I forgive him. 我永遠不會寬恕他。
注:(1)對于not…until句型,當not until…位于句首時,其后的主句要用倒裝語序:
如:He didn't leave the room until the rain stopped./Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才離開這房間。
(2)某些起副詞作用的介詞短語,由于含有否定詞,若位于句首,其后要用部分倒裝:
如:On no accounts must this switch be touched. 這個開關(guān)是絕不能觸摸的。
2、“only+狀語”位于句首時的倒裝:
當一個狀語受副詞only的修飾且置于句首時,其后用部分倒裝語序:
如:Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那時他才意識到他錯了。
3、“so+形容詞或副詞”位于句首時的倒裝:
副詞so后接形容詞或副詞位于句首時,其后用部分倒裝:
如:So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天氣太冷,我們只好呆在家里。
4、“So+助動詞+主語”倒裝:
當要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情況也同樣適合于后者,通常就要用“So+助動詞+主語”這種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu):
如:You are young and so am I. 你年輕,我也年輕。
注:(1)若前面提出某一否定的情況,要表示后者也屬于同樣的否定情況,則應將其中的so改為neither或nor:
如:You aren't young and neither am I. 你不年輕,我也不年輕。
(2)注意該結(jié)構(gòu)與表示強調(diào)或同意的“so+主語+特殊動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別:
如:"It was cold yesterday." "So it was."“昨天很冷!薄暗拇_很冷!
5、由not only…but also引出的倒裝:
當not only…but also位于句首引出句子時,not only后的句子通常用部分倒裝形式:
如:Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不僅是一位教師,而且是一位詩人。
6、虛擬條件句省略if后構(gòu)成的倒裝:
當if引導的虛擬條件從句中含有had, were, should等時,如將if省略,則要將had, were, should等移到主語前,構(gòu)成倒裝句:
如:Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him. 若你昨天來,你就會見到他了。
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